Ibityraboia caraguata Mendes & Silva-Neto, 2022

Mendes, Diego Matheus De Mello & Neto, Alberto Moreira Da Silva, 2022, The Bromeliad Blue Horn Katydid-a new genus of the Cone-headed Katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Copiphorini) from the Serra da Jibóia, Bahia, Brazil, Zootaxa 5155 (3), pp. 334-346 : 337-345

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5155.3.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:04EB220D-1DD8-494C-B92B-58CD08CFC126
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6683208
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087D3-1354-6C05-FF1A-FAB3269AFC94
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Ibityraboia caraguata Mendes & Silva-Neto
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Ibityraboia caraguata Mendes & Silva-Neto View in CoL sp. nov.

Figures 2–11 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11

Description. Holotype Male.

Thorax. Mesobasisternum triangular-shaped, anteriorly concave ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ). Lateral lobes of mesobasisternum anterolaterally convex, laterally slightly convex with small rounded projection and posteriorly straight, posterolaterally forming an angle of 90° ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ). Metabasisternum diamond-shaped ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ). Lateral lobes of mesobasisternum anterolaterally slightly convex, laterally and posteriorly straight, posterolaterally forming an angle of 70° ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ).

Wings. Left stridulatory file slightly curved; teeth basal and apical minor in relation to middle teeth ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ). Total length of left stridulatory file 3 mm, greater vein width of 0.5 mm and a total of 106 teeth ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ). Right stridulatory file curved; teeth basal and apical minor in relation to middle teeth ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ). Total length file of 1.3 mm, widest vein of 0.2 mm and total of 51 teeth ( Figs. 4B View FIGURE 4 ).

Abdomen. Cercus apically forked, with the external projection curved, narrow and with acuminate apex ending in a slightly curved spine; internal projection slightly curved, with serrated inner face and acuminate apex ( Figs. 2I–J View FIGURE 2 ). Space concave between the base of stylus ( Figs. 2I–J View FIGURE 2 ).

Internal male genitalia. Upper fold of ventral lobe large, elongated; margins slightly rounded and connected ( Figs. 5A–D View FIGURE 5 ). Ejaculatory vesicle rounded ( Figs. 5A–D View FIGURE 5 ). Titillator segmented as two large sclerites, anteriorly curved, opposing and posteriorly parallel straight ( Figs. 5A–D View FIGURE 5 ). Apodemes sclerites large and narrow ( Fig. 5A–D View FIGURE 5 ). Lower fold of ventral lobe small, bilobed, posteriorly elongated and exceeding the dorsal lobe ( Figs. 5A–B View FIGURE 5 ). Dorsal lobe anteriorly with median small convex projection, laterally with two long and acuminated projections, posteriorly convex ( Figs. 5A–D View FIGURE 5 ). Dorsal fold asymmetric, elongated and narrow ( Figs. 5C–D View FIGURE 5 ).

Coloration. Described based on photos of live specimens ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 ). Fastigium-vertex turquoise with two white round lateral spots. Scape anteriorly light green and posteriorly turquoise blue. Eyes and antennal sclerite light purple. Frontal region of head, clypeus and labrum yellowish orange. Jaws black. Body and legs light brown, with some dark brown areas. Leg spines with dark brown apex. Tegmina light brown, main veins dark brown and with numerous small black spots throughout the tegmina. Stridulatory region of tegmina dark brown. Abdomen, cerci and subgenital plate with whitish-yellow coloration. Abdominal segment with a dark brown lateral band. Space between the light pink segments, forming transverse bands on the abdomen.

Female: Similar to male, except for the following features ( Fig. 7 View FIGURE 7 ):

Wings. Anal veins unmodified for sound production.

Abdomen. Tergite X with two subtriangular projections similar to the male, but smaller and laterally spaced, in dorsal view ( Fig. 7E View FIGURE 7 ). Cercus straight with acuminate and inward curved apex. Cercus with long white bristles ( Fig. 7E View FIGURE 7 ). Subgenital plate anteriorly flattened and posteriorly projected and bifurcated around the ovipositor, forming two lateral acuminate projections with a size equivalent to the anterior region of the subgenital plate. Ovipositor straight; ovipositor base widened, moderately narrow and apically widening again; ventral valve not reaching apex; apex of ovipositor triangular.

Coloration. Ovipositor with light brown base and other dark brown regions ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 ).

Nymph. Nymphs are very similar to adults, with differences only in the coloration and in terminalia morphology ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 ). Eyes brown. Scape turquoise blue. Head, dorsal and lateral body dark brown, becoming lighter in the abdominal segments. Dorsal region of the body with a yellowish longitudinal stripe with pink lines. Ventral region of thorax, trochanter, base of femora and apex of tibiae light green. Apical region of the femoral and tibial base brownish green. Space between the abdominal segments light pink. Ventral region of abdomen yellowish-green.

Etymology. The epithet is in apposition, caraguata from the Brazilian indigenous Tupi language: kaá = plant + rákua = tip + atá = hard meaning “hard tipped plant”, being the regional popular name for bromeliads in Brazil. The name is a reference to the habitat of this katydid, found on bromeliads.

Geographical records. Brazil: Bahia ( Fig. 12 View FIGURE 12 ).

Type material. Holotype ♂. BRASIL, Bahia, Santa Teresinha, Serra da Jiboia , Base Gambá , 12°52’19.8S – 39°28’51.7”W, 08–10.v. 2018, 500 m de altitude, coleta manual, D.M.M. Mendes & A.M.S. Neto leg. ( INPA). GoogleMaps Paratypes: Idem (2♂ and 1♀ INPA).

Measurements (mm). Holotype ♂: TL: 52; TegL: 50; TegH: 8; WF: 4,5; PL: 5,3; PH: 3,2; FF: 10; FT: 10,5; MF: 6,7; MT: 7,5; HF: 16; HT: 18; Lplac: 3,5; LC: 2,8.

Habitat. The specimen was collected in a mountainous area called Serra da Jiboia ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 ), in the municipality of Elísio Medrado, in the Brazilian state of Bahia, in the northern portion, west slope, located between coordinates 12º52’18.8”S – 39º28’54.3”W. Serra da Jiboia is a mountain massif of approximately 22,000 ha and extends across five municipalities in the Brazilian state of Bahia: Elísio Medrado, Santa Teresinha, Castro Alves, Varzedo and São Miguel das Matas. This area is an enclave of Atlantic Forest or Hygrophilous Forest surrounded by Caatinga, located within the semiarid domain ( Queiroz et al. 1996, Valente & Pôrto 2006). Much of its extension is dominated by the Atlantic Forest, which is continuous with the regions dominated by the Atlantic Forest to the east and south. However, it has other vegetation types in addition to the Atlantic Forest: Campo Rupestre in the summits, and Caatinga in the flatter areas to the north, in addition to several transitional areas ( Queiroz et al. 1996). It is above 500 m in altitude, the vegetation can be classified as Montana Ombrophilous Dense Forest. The climate of the region is sub-humid tropical, transitional, hot, with an annual average temperature above 18 ºC, with annual rainfall between 800 and 1200 mm ( Queiroz et al. 1996).

Natural history notes. Specimens of Ibityraboia caguata sp. nov. were found at night in areas of Atlantic Forest over thorny bromeliads ( Bromeliaceae ), in the range of 1–2 m from the ground ( Fig. 11 View FIGURE 11 ). The specimens were usually on the underside of the leaves and at the slightest sign of danger, they hide in the inner concave part of the leaves, being completely hidden. It is likely that these katydids are hidden inside the leaves of bromeliads during the day, protected from predators by the extensive cover of thorns of these plants.