Trichardis

Londt, Jason G. H., 2008, A review of Afrotropical Trichardis Hermann, 1906, and the description of the first Oriental representative of the genus (Diptera: Asilidae: Laphriinae), African Invertebrates 49 (2), pp. 171-171 : 209-210

Key to Afrotropical species of Trichardis

Although the following key attempts to separate species without reference to characters of the male genitalia it is preferable that well preserved males are used and that identifications are confirmed by comparisons of the genitalia with the illustrations provided.

1 Anepisternal macroseta absent; pulvilli reduced in size and clearly shorter than empodium [unknown for rueppelii ]; T2 entirely pruinose; ơ genitalia as in Figs 27, 28 ( Niger, Yemen and various Palaearctic countries) ............................................. .................................. leucocoma ( Wulp, 1899) & rueppelii ( Wiedemann, 1828)

– Anepisternal macroseta present; pulvilli normal and approximately equal in length to empodium; T2 at least partly, if not entirely apruinose .................................... 2

2 Postpronotal lobe entirely pruinose ...................................................................... 3

– Postpronotal lobe partly to extensively apruinose .............................................. 10

3 Scutellum extensively apruinose .......................................................................... 4

– Scutellum extensively pruinose ............................................................................ 8

4 Cell r 5 extensively microtrichose; usually 2 ocellar macrosetae; hind femur with a few well-developed ventral tubercles (some higher than broad); ơ genitalia as in Figs 51, 52 ( South Africa) ................................................. turneri Oldroyd, 1974

– Cell r 5 microtrichose only in distal half; usually 4 ocellar macrosetae; hind femur with at most poorly developed ventral tubercles (broader than high) .................. 5

5 Anepisternum entirely pruinose (even if only weakly anteroventrally) ............... 6

– Anepisternum apruinose anteroventrally .............................................................. 7

6 T2 yellowish; costal vein continues around wing margin beyond wing tip; wing membrane with distinct dark markings; ơ genitalia as in Figs 49, 50 ( Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe) ............................. testacea ( Macquart, 1838)

– T2 dark red-brown; costal vein continues weakly, if at all, around wing margin beyond wing tip; wing membrane without distinct markings; ơ genitalia as in Figs 35, 36 ( Chad) ..................................................................................... ornata sp. n.

7 Discal cell extensively microtrichose; hind femur dark red-brown; T2 dark red-brown; ơ genitalia as in Figs 53, 54 ( Kenya, Tanzania) ...................... zinidi sp. n.

– Discal cell entirely lacking microtrichiae; hind femur brown-orange; T2 orange; ơ genitalia as in Figs 7, 8 ( Namibia, Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe) ......... ........................................................................................... apicalis Oldroyd, 1974

8 Anepisternum extensively apruinose; T2 apruinose ............................................. 9

– Anepisternum entirely pruinose; T2 extensively pruinose ( Namibia, South Africa) .............................................................................................. picta Hermann, 1906

9 Scutellar disc entirely pruinose; male terminalia not markedly elongate, as in Figs 19, 20 ( Ethiopia, Gambia, Kenya, Senegal) ..................... grisescens Engel, 1924

– Scutellar disc partly apruinose (i.e. weak centrally); male terminalia markedly elongate, as in Figs 47, 48 ( Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe) ................................ ...................................................................................... terminalis Oldroyd, 1974

10 Hind tibia with well-developed ventrodistal spur............................................... 11

– Hind tibia lacking ventrodistal spur.................................................................... 12

11 Mystax entirely blackish; T2 entirely apruinose; ơ genitalia as in Figs 25, 26 ( Somalia) ......................................................................................... lavignei sp. n.

– Mystax with both shiny yellowish and black macrosetae; T2 apruinose except for silver pruinose patches posterolaterally; ơ genitalia as in Figs 23, 24 ( DR Congo, Tanzania)................................................................... katangaensis Oldroyd, 1970

12 Discal cell lacking microtrichiae, especially proximally and adjacent to veins..13

– Discal cell extensively microtrichose (members of cribrata species group) ..... 18

13 Mystax entirely white, yellow or orange, lacking black setae; antennal segments predominantly yellowish or light brownish ........................................................ 14

– Mystax with some black setae; antennal segments entirely or almost entirely dark red-brown............................................................................................................ 16

14 Antennal postpedicel clavate (L:D <3.0); costal vein ends at wing tip; veins R5+M1, M2 and M3+CuA1 not reaching wing margin ( Fig. 4 ); cell r 5 almost entirely lacking microtrichiae; ơ genitalia as in Figs 15, 16 ( Namibia, South Africa)..................... .......................................................................................................... effrena sp. n.

– Antennal postpedicel spindle shaped (L:D> 3.0); costal vein continues around wing tip and along much of hind margin of wing; veins R5+M1, M2 and M3+CuA1 reaching wing margin (e.g. Fig. 3 ); cell r 5 at least weakly microtrichose ........... 15

15 A yellowish or orange species; ơ genitalia as in Figs 31, 32 ( Eritrea) ................... .......................................................................................................... mellina sp. n.

– A dark red-brown to blackish species; ơ genitalia as in Figs 17, 18 ( Gambia) ...... ........................................................................................................... glabra sp. n.

16 Postpronotal and postalar lobes orange and contrasting with dark red-brown to blackish mesonotum; legs ventrally orange-brown; smaler species (wing length ca 4.0 mm); ơ genitalia as in Figs 41, 42 ( Socotra I., Yemen) .................................... ..................................................................................... pohli Geller-Grimm, 2002

– Postpronotal and postalar lobes blackish and not contrasting with mesonotum; legs uniform dark red-brown to blackish; bigger species (wing length ca 5.5 mm).. 17

17 Mesonotal macrosetae, anepisternal seta(e) and ocellar setae black; ơ genitalia as in Figs 33, 34 ( Socotra I., Yemen) .............................. nigrescens ( Ricardo, 1903)

Figures

Figs 23–28. Trichardis species: (23, 24) T. katangaensis Oldroyd, 1970, male genitalia, paratype, Kapanga: (23) lateral, (24) ventral; (25, 26) T. lavignei sp. n., holotype: (25) male genitalia, dorsolateral, (26) posterior view of distal end of right hind tibia; (27, 28) T. leucocoma (Wulp, 1899), male genitalia, paratype, Shaik Othman: (27) lateral, (28) ventral. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 47–52. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (47, 48) lateral and ventral of T. terminalis Oldroyd, 1974, holotype; (49, 50) lateral and ventral of T. testacea (Macquart, 1838), holotype; (51, 52) lateral and ventral of T. turneri Oldroyd, 1974, Graaff-Reinet. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 35–40. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (35, 36) lateral and ventral of T. ornata sp. n., holotype, (note: X indicates broken structures); (37–40) T. picta Hermann, 1906: (37, 38) lateral and ventral of holotype, (39, 40) lateral and ventral of holotype of T. lucifer Oldroyd, 1974. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 53–56. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (53, 54) lateral and ventral of T. zinidi sp. n., holotype; (55, 56) lateral and ventral of T. indica sp. n., holotype. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 5–10. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (5, 6) lateral and ventral of T. abdelkuri sp. n., paratype, Jebel Saleh; (7, 8) lateral and ventral of T. apicalis Oldroyd, 1974, paratype, Ndumu Game Reserve; (9, 10) lateral and ventral of T. crassipala sp. n., paratype, Ouagadougou. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 17–22. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (17, 18) lateral and ventral of T. glabra sp. n., paratype, Bansang; (19, 20) lateral and ventral of T. grisescens Engel, 1924, holotype; (21, 22) lateral and ventral of T. hesperia sp. n., paratype, Kayes. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 1– 4. Trichardis species: (1–3) T. testacea (Macquart, 1838): (1) dorsal view of entire male, (2) lateral view of entire male, (3) wing; (4) T. effrena sp. n., wing. See text for measurements.

Figs 11–16. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (11, 12) lateral and ventral of T. cribrata (Loew, 1858), Mhlopeni Nat. Res.; (13, 14) lateral and ventral of T. eburacta sp. n., paratype, Comoé National Park; (15, 16) lateral and ventral of T. effrena sp. n., paratype, Witsand Nat. Res. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 29–34. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (29, 30) lateral and ventral of T. malawi sp. n., paratype, Monkey Bay; (31, 32) lateral and ventral of T. mellina sp. n., paratype, Ghinda; (33, 34) lateral and ventral of T. nigrescens (Ricardo, 1903), Homhil. Scale lines = 1 mm.

Figs 41–46. Trichardis species, male genitalia: (41, 42) lateral and ventral of T. pohli Geller-Grimm, 2002, Sokotra I.; (43, 44) lateral and ventral of T. similis sp. n., paratype, Kasungu National Park; (45, 46) lateral and ventral of T. spicata sp. n., paratype, 30 km S Caia. Scale lines = 1 mm.