Saurotipleona julii, Bird, 2015

Bird, Graham John, 2015, Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) of the northeast Atlantic: Chauliopleona Dojiri and Sieg, 1997 and Saurotipleona n. gen. from the ‘ Atlantic Margin’, Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 49, pp. 1-41 : 30-36

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2015.1005715

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03909010-FFD6-FF98-FE0F-FED37E118B39

treatment provided by

Carolina

scientific name

Saurotipleona julii
status

sp. nov.

Saurotipleona julii View in CoL n. sp.

( Figures 14–16 View Figure 14 View Figure 15 View Figure 16 , 17C–E View Figure 17 , 19 View Figure 19 )

Akanthophoreus View in CoL sp.1: Holdich and Bird 1989

Akanthophoreus sp.AM#1: Bird 2001

Chauliopleona View in CoL sp.AM#1: Bird 2014: 28, fig. 11b

Material examined

Holotype. Non-ovigerous ♀, BIOICE Stn 3504, Iceland Basin, 62.02°N, 19.49°W, 1734 m, IINH 29997 . GoogleMaps

Allotype. Preparatory ♂, BIOICE Stn 3522, IINH 29996 .

Paratypes. AFEN Stn: non-ov. (possibly post-ov.) ♀ , 54599#1, NMS.Z.2014.169.

BIOICE Stns. One non-ov. ♀ , 2257, IINH 29995 ; one non-ov. ♀ , 2337, IINH 29994 ; one non-ov. ♀ , 2410, IINH 29993 ; one non-ov. ♀ , 3181, IINH 29992 ; one non-ov. ♀ , one post-ov. ♀?, 3504, IINH 29991 ; two non-ov. ♀♀ , 3522, IINH 29990 .

Description

Non-ovigerous female: habitus ( Figure 14A View Figure 14 ) slender, eight times ltb; body length 2.84–4.16 mm. Cephalothorax 1.5 times ltb, about as long as pereonites 1–2 (excluding pereonal gap). Pereon 64% of body length, pereonites parallel-sided or with slight lateral process at pereopod attachment; pereonites 1 and 6 shortest, subequal, shorter than broad, pereonites 2–3 longest. Pleon ( Figure 14B View Figure 14 ) 13% body length, as long as pereonite-6 and half of pereonite-5 combined; epimera with simple seta; sternites 1–4 with low rounded process; pleonite-5 sternal spur acuminate, slightly hamate in some specimens ( Figure 14C View Figure 14 ). Pleotelson as long as two preceding pleonites, smooth, with two simple setae and two PSS on posterior margin.

Antennule ( Figure 14D View Figure 14 ) 0.7 times length of cephalothorax, article-1 about half total length, 2.6 times ltb; article-2 1.6 times ltb, about as long as articles 3–4 combined; setation as figured; article-3 with fine distal setules; article-4 with four or five terminal setae and aesthetasc. Antenna ( Figure 14E View Figure 14 ) about 0.8 times antennule length; article-2 with inferior and superior setae, superior margin with small setules; article-4 with fusion line. Labrum ( Figure 15A View Figure 15 ) typical. Mandibles ( Figure 15B–C View Figure 15 ) typical, left and right incisors tricuspid, lacinia of left mandible relatively narrow; molars acuminate-palmate with six–eight terminal spines. Labium ( Figure 15D View Figure 15 ) typical, inner lobes distally setulate; outer lobes much reduced with distal setules. Maxillule ( Figure 15E View Figure 15 ) endite with combs; terminal array of nine spines (one thinner than rest, four pectinate) and several long setules. Maxilla ( Figure 15F View Figure 15 ) just shorter than maxilliped bases, distally setulate. Maxilliped ( Figure 15G View Figure 15 ) bases together cardioid, about twice as long as broad, each with one long distal seta; endites with proximal coupling hook, two distal setae, setulate distolateral margins and medial lobe; palp article-1 just shorter than article-2, naked; article-2 with lateral seta and three mesial setae; article-3 about as long as article-2, with four unequal mesial setae; article-4 smaller and thinner than article-3, with superodistal seta and five terminal setae. Epignath not observed.

Cheliped ( Figure 15H–J View Figure 15 ) basis with posterior lobe of similar size to anterior mass; carpus fairly slender, 1.8 times ltb (excluding shield), superior margin with setules and two setae, with large, rounded shield (aspect ratio 0.5 on holotype), inferior setae attached medial to this; chela longer than basis and as wide (excluding shield); propodus with two inferior setae attached along ridge or groove, medial comb of about eight spines, and a distolateral seta near the dactylus attachment; fixed finger incisive margin with proximal spine (of group of three) thickest, with low distal teeth; dactylus with smooth superior margin and small proximomedial seta.

Pereopod-1 ( Figure 16A View Figure 16 ) coxa with seta; basis as wide as those of pereopods 4–6, as long as ischium, merus and carpus combined, with superior PSS; ischium with small seta; merus twice as long as broad, with distomesial seta and inferodistal (lateral) spine as long as carpus; carpus twice as long as broad, with superior and inferior distal bayonet spines and inferior margin with weak to moderate spinules; propodus four times ltb, with inferodistal spine, superodistal seta and palmate array of spinules, inferior margin with weak to robust spinules; dactylus and unguis subequal, former with accessory seta, together two thirds as long as propodus. Pereopod-2 ( Figure 16B View Figure 16 ) similar to pereopod-1 but carpus and propodus slightly shorter, carpus with additional inferodistal spine and mesial seta; (PSS on basis probably detached on drawn specimen). Pereopod-3 ( Figure 16C View Figure 16 ) similar to pereopod-2.

Pereopod-4 ( Figure 16D View Figure 16 ) basis longer than in pereopods 1–3, with inferior PSS; ischium with two setae; merus about twice as long as broad, with two inferodistal spines; carpus longer than merus, 2.5 times ltb, with weak inferior spinules; propodus narrower than carpus but as long, with weak inferior spinules; dactylus twice as long as unguis, with double row of inferior spinules, together longer than propodus. Pereopod-5 ( Figure 16E View Figure 16 ) similar to pereopod-4 but basis with two inferior PSS and propodus with two superodistal spines; dactylus and unguis about as long as propodus. Pereopod-6 ( Figure 16F View Figure 16 ) similar to pereopod-4 but propodus with three superodistal spines.

Pleopod ( Figure 16G View Figure 16 ) endopod slightly smaller than exopod, with superodistal seta and distal fringe of seven setae (all finely plumose); exopod with proximal seta on partly demarcated segment, with distal fringe of 13 plumose setae.

Uropod ( Figure 14F View Figure 14 ) as long as pleotelson and pleonites 4–5 combined; peduncle twice as long as wide, simple; exopod half as long as segment-1 of endopod, segment- 1 just longer than segment-2; setation typical, as figured; endopod slender, segment-1 just over half total length, five times ltb, with two distal PSS and seta; segment-2 almost seven times ltb, setation as figured.

Post-ovigerous female. Similar to non-ovigerous female but pereon dorso-ventrally compressed, oostegites lost; body length 2.24 mm.

Preparatory male. Habitus ( Figure 14G View Figure 14 ) slender, eight times ltb, body length 2.86 mm. Pleon about 15% of body length; pleonite-5 sternal process ( Figure 14H View Figure 14 ) similar to female. Antennule ( Figure 14J View Figure 14 ) article-1 shorter than rest of articles, 2.2 times ltb; article-4 shorter than broad.

Etymology

For my wonderful son, Julius.

Type locality

Bathyal Iceland Basin, 62.00°N, 19.50°W, ≈ 1000 m GoogleMaps .

Distribution records from the AFEN, BIOICE and BIOFAR surveys

Two records from AFEN surveys: one from the Hebrides Slope , 991 m, and one from the northern Rockall Trough , 1886 m. Six records from BIOICE: one from the Irminger Basin, 1209 m, and five from the Iceland Basin, 940–1074 m; temperature range 2.34–4.1°C, with a variety of sediment types including ‘fine sand’, ‘medium sand’ and ‘gravelly sand’ .

Distribution elsewhere

There are 21 records from various surveys ranging from the Rockall Trough to the abyssal South Bay of Biscay, 1400–4829 m (see under C. armata ).

Remarks

As defined for the genus, this species is distinguished by a long, ventrally directed, pleonal spur and two superodistal spines on pereopod-5. The latter character shown for C. hastata by Guerrero-Kommritz (2005, fig. 8l); is possibly an error as pereopod- 6 ( Guerrero-Kommritz 2005, fig. 8m) is shown with only one superodistal spine, when typically for akanthophoreids there are three.

Most records of Saurotipleona julii n. sp. are from south of the main study area, at abyssal depths but with an overall depth range of 991–4829 m. An example is INCAL (Intercalibration) Stn 2.4, sample ØS.04, from the Biscay Abyssal Plain (46.05°N, 10.18°W, 4786 m); sketches of the individual presumed to be S. julii are shown in Figure 17C–E View Figure 17 . This distribution pattern suggests a eurybathic tolerance but with some degree of polar emergence.

Key to the species of northeast Atlantic Chauliopleona View in CoL and Saurotipleona View in CoL

1. Pleonite-5 spur directed ventrally; pereopod-5 propodus with two superodistal spines ....................................................................................... Saurotipleona julii View in CoL

– Pleonite-5 spur recurved; pereopod-5 propodus with one superodistal spine ..... Chauliopleona View in CoL , ................................................................................................... 2

2. Cheliped dactylus superior margin crenate; pereopods 1–3 propodus slender (six times ltb) and scarcely spinulate ......................................................... C. bamberi View in CoL

– Cheliped dactylus not crenate; pereopods 1–3 propodus not slender (<six times ltb) and densely spinulate ................................................................................. 3

3. Cheliped carpus stout, with deep shield .............................................. C. hastata View in CoL – Cheliped carpus not stout, with shallow or moderate shield ............................ 4

4. Cheliped carpus shield shallow, subrectangular; pleonal sternites 1–4 with slightly recurved process .............................................................................. C. amdrupii View in CoL

– Cheliped carpus shield moderate, rounded; pleonal sternites 1–4 with nonrecurved process .................................................................................. C. armata View in CoL

NMS

National Museum of Scotland - Natural Sciences

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Malacostraca

Order

Tanaidacea

Family

Akanthophoreidae

Genus

Saurotipleona

Loc

Saurotipleona julii

Bird, Graham John 2015
2015
Loc

Chauliopleona

Bird GJ 2014: 28
2014
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