Brangas Hübner

Martins, Ananda Regina P., Duarte, Marcelo & Robbins, Robert K., 2019, Phylogenetic Classification of the Atlides Section of the Eumaeini (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae), Zootaxa 4563 (1), pp. 119-134 : 128-129

Brangas Hübner , [1819]

type species: Papilio caranus Stoll

Dabreras Bálint, 2008 , New Synonym

type species: Thecla teucria Hewitson

Brangas is characterized by eight synapomorphies ( Table 1), but they are exceedingly tentative because we included only two Brangas species in the phylogenetic analyses. However, every Brangas species has a male genitalia dorsal vinculum process that lies under and inside of its associated brush organs, a trait that occurs nowhere else in the Eumaeini . There are sixteen described and three undescribed species of Brangas . The genus occurs from Mexico to southern Brazil and northern Argentina.

Robbins (2004b) placed Thecla teucria Hewitson in Brangas while Bálint & Faynel (2008) moved Brangas teucria to the monotypic genus Dabreras . Brangas teucria possesses a shallow hindwing anal lobe cleft similar to that in Brangas . Males of B. teucria have a male genitalia dorsal vinculum process that lies under and inside of its associated brush organs, as it does in Brangas . Finally, the genitalia of B. teucria and B. rita (Goodson) are almost indistinguishable.

Brangas teucria (Hewitson, 1868) (Thecla) , type locality: Brazil

Distribution and Habitat. The Amazonian Region in wet lowland forest.

Brangas rita (Goodson, 1945) (Thecla) , type locality: Colombia

Distribution and Habitat. Costa Rica to western Colombia and Ecuador in wet lowland forest.

Brangas dydimaon (Cramer, 1777) (Papilio) , type locality: Surinam

Distribution and Habitat. The Amazonian Region in wet lowland forest.

Brangas neora (Hewitson, 1867) (Thecla) , type locality: Guatemala

Distribution and Habitat. Mexico to southern Brazil in wet and dry lowland forest, occasionally occurring in montane habitats.

Brangas moserorum Bálint & Faynel, 2008 , type locality: Brazil (SP)

Distribution and Habitat. Paraguay and southern Brazil, from MT, DF, and MG to RS.

Brangas coccineifrons ( Godman & Salvin, 1887) (Thecla) , type locality: Nicaragua; Colombia

Distribution and Habitat. Mexico to western Ecuador in wet lower montane forest, at lower elevations in the north.

Brangas torfrida (Hewitson, 1867) (Thecla) , type locality: Brazil (PA)

Distribution and Habitat. The Amazonian and Atlantic regions in wet lowland forest to lower montane forest.

Brangas carthaea (Hewitson, 1868) (Thecla) , type locality: Mexico

Distribution and Habitat. Mexico to western Ecuador in wet montane forest, but at lower elevations in the north.

Brangas getus (Fabricius, 1787) (Papilio) , type locality: Surinam, repl. name

pelops (Stoll, 1781) ( Papilio ), type locality: Surinam, preocc. (not Drury, 1773)

Distribution and Habitat. Mexico to Argentina, Paraguay, and southern Brazil in wet and dry lowland forest.

Brangas caranus (Stoll, 1780) (Papilio) , type locality: Surinam

Distribution and Habitat. From western Ecuador to French Guiana, south to southern Brazil (ES) in wet lowland forest.

Brangas rambutorum Bálint & Faynel, 2008 , type locality: Colombia

Distribution and Habitat. Venezuela and Colombia in dry forest.

Brangas neildonatus Bálint & Faynel, 2008 , type locality: Venezuela

Distribution and Habitat. Venezuela. Dry lowland forest along the Venezuelan northern coast.

Brangas silumena (Hewitson, 1867) (Thecla) , type locality:?

Distribution and Habitat. Paraguay and Brazil from RJ to RS in montane forest, but at lower elevations in the south.

Brangas felderi (Goodson, 1945) (Thecla) , type locality: Colombia; Ecuador

contrastus Bálint, 2008 , New Synonym, type locality: Ecuador

Distribution and Habitat. Colombia to Peru in montane forest.

Synonymy. The differences between B. felderi and B. contrastus mentioned by Bálint (width of the dorsal forewing border, amount of ventral blue iridescence) represent a small part of continuous variation in the series of more than 25 males that we have examined from eastern Ecuador.

Brangas polonus Bálint, 2008 , type locality: Peru

Distribution and Habitat. Peru to Bolivia in montane forest.

Brangas insolitus Bálint & Faynel, 2008 , type locality: Peru

Distribution and Habitat. Ecuador to Peru in montane forest.