Cyrioctea islachanaral, Grismado, Cristian J. & Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, 2016

Grismado, Cristian J. & Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, 2016, The spider genus Cyrioctea Simon on Chañaral Island (Pingüino de Humboldt National Reserve, Atacama, Chile): description of a new species, and the male of Cyrioctea cruz Platnick (Araneae, Zodariidae), Zootaxa 4107 (2), pp. 267-276 : 268-270

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4107.2.8
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4F15F3B5-4D0E-4640-AD4A-E6AEEFFA6B31
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6080944
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039187F1-FF93-CA10-F5E8-C482DAB9FA65
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Cyrioctea islachanaral
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Cyrioctea islachanaral View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 3 View FIGURE 3 , 5 View FIGURE 5 a – b, g – h, 6 a – b)

Type material. Female holotype from CHILE. Atacama: Huasco Province: Pingüino de Humboldt National Reserve: Chañaral Island: 29º02'27.1''S, 71º34'46.1''W, 99 m; pitfall traps, (code P1R3, preparation codes CJG 1459/60) 15-18/11/2012, J. Pizarro-Araya, F. M. Alfaro, M. Cortés, P. Vargas & C. Rivera coll. ( MHNS). Female paratype (together with a juvenile) with the same data (code P1R2, preparation code 1461, MACN-Ar 35648).

Material examined. Same data as the holotype, 1 female (probably adult, lacking abdomen; preparation code CJG 1485, LEULS); same locality (code P1R1, preparation code CJG-1486), 1 female, 1 immature ( LEULS); same locality, 24-27/01/2013, 29º01'44.2''S, 71º34'32.3''W, 106 m; pitfall traps, (code P2R1), J. Pizarro-Araya, F. M. Alfaro, M. Cortés, A. Ojanguren & C. Rivera coll., 1 subadult male (MACN-Ar 35649).

Diagnosis. Females of C. islachanaral sp. nov. are recognizable by their relatively large size (more than 7 mm); the ocular macrosetae unordered, not aligned in a defined transverse row, determining that the anterior eye row appears straight rather than procurved ( Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 e – g), and the median field of the epigynal plate short and very widened laterally ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 a).

Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Description (Holotype). Total length 7.40. Carapace 3.70 long, 2.20 wide. Femur II 1.70 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.093, ALE 0.12, PME 0.10, PLE 0.11; AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.013, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.17, ALE-PLE 0.041. MOQ length 0.42, front width 0.36, back width 0.31. Carapace elongated piriform, cephalic area with nearly parallel sides, light brown with a tenuous darker marbled pattern anteriorly ( Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 a, d); legs light brown turned reddish distally; sternum, labium, and endites light brown; chelicerae brown.

Abdomen light gray with irregular darker spots (apparently faded by the poor conditions of preservation, Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 a). Leg podomeres differently sized as compared to those of the other American species: tibiae I and II thickened, metatarsi I–II relatively long, appearing as aligned with the tarsi as an almost rigid unit ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 b); tibiae III very short (nearly as short as patella, Figs. 5 View FIGURE 5 a – b). Leg spination (only surfaces bearing spines are listed): femora: III d1ap, rd1subap; IV d1ap; patellae: III dr1-1-0-0-1, p1-1-1-1, r1-1; IV dr1-1-0-0-1, p1-1-0-1, r1; tibiae: III pv1-1, p1-0 IV d1-0, p1-1, r1-1-1(in a diagonal line to ventral), vr1-1-1; metatarsi: III dl-1-1, p1-1, vp1-0-0, v2 ap; IV d1- 1-0, dp1-1-1, p1-1-1-1, vp1-0-0, v2 ap. Epigynum with median field distinctly sclerotized, short and very wide, not scape-shaped as in most of the other species; lateral epigynal margins not evident, ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 a), internally, rounded, thick walled spermathecae with short, inconspicuous copulatory ducts ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 b).

Distribution. Only known from the type locality, Chañaral Island (Atacama, Chile).

Habitat. Chañaral Island (507.3 ha), part of the Pingüino de Humboldt National Reserve (Atacama Region, Chile) ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). This island corresponds to a coastal desert area with Mediterranean-type climate influenced by the presence of mist. The island is a plateau bordered by rocky cliffs with heights varying from 30 to 50 m above the sea level and culmination at ~ 150 m ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ). The flora of Chañaral Island is represented by different life forms, predominantly shrub species, annual and perennial herbs, and cacti ( Arancio & Jara 2007).

Cyrioctea islachanaral sp. nov. specimens were collected by pitfall trapping. The captures were conducted in Ecotope 3 ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 , E3, see Pizarro-Araya et al. 2014) (29º01'31.3''S; 71º34'18.7''W, 65 m), a subdesert steppe dominated by spring hydrophytes and cacti; its geomorphology is dominated by outcrops of sedimentary rock ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ).