Bisetocreagris jiangi, Feng & Zhang & Chen, 2023

Feng, Zegang, Zhang, Feng & Chen, Jun, 2023, Cave-dwelling Neobisiidae in South China Karst, with descriptions of twelve new species of Bisetocreagris (Pseudoscorpiones, Neobisiidae) from Guizhou Province, Zootaxa 5395 (1), pp. 1-77 : 40-46

Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov. (Wĸ双ŁÞ伪AE)

http://zoobank.org:act: 87D77518-BAF8-4AB3-B453-34601FED426E

Figs 32–36

Type material. Holotype male (Ps.- MHBU-GZ22072301 ): China, Guizhou Province, Tongren City, Sinan County, Yangjiaao Town, Guanyinshan Village, Anjialin Cave (âṅåȇ仁Ṅō南县ëẋ坳DzūḆƜťüẋöñ), [27°52.610′N, 107°54.822′E], 644 m a.s.l., 23 July 2022, Yanmeng Hou, Lu Zhang, Jianzhou Sun, Wenlong Fan leg.

Paratypes: 1 male (Ps.- MHBU-GZ22072302 ) , 2 females (Ps.- MHBU-GZ22072303‒04 ), same data as the holotype ; 1 female (Ps.- MHBU-GZ14101801 ), same location as holotype, 18 October 2014, Xuankong Jiang leg ; 2 females (Ps.- MHBU-GZ20082101‒02 ), same location as holotype, 21 August 2020, Zegang Feng, Yanmeng Hou, Hongru Xu leg.

Etymology. This species is named for Xuankong Jiang, who provided us with his specimens and cave information.

Distribution and habitat. This new species is known only from the type locality Anjialin Cave ( Figs 1F , 32 ), located ~ 5 km southwest of Yangjiaao Town, Sinan County. This limestone cave has an oval entrance (~ 2 m high by ~ 2 m wide) and is slightly downward sloping, with a length of about 600 m. The cave extends horizontally and the entrance is on the edge of an agricultural field with the nearest rural residential area less than 50 m away. Specimens were collected under the rocks ( Fig. 32D ) in the dark zone.

Diagnosis. (♂ ♀). Troglomorphic habitus; carapace with 2 faint eyespots on a flat surface; epistome rounded; carapace with 5–6 setae on posterior margin; pedipalp smooth and slender, both chelal fingers with 127–138 teeth; femur 6.12–6.79 (♂ ♀) times (length 1.77–2.08), patella 5.03–5.48 (♂ ♀) times (length 1.70–1.96) longer than wide, pedicel about half the entire length of patella. Hand with pedicel 2.52–2.86 (♂ ♀) times (length 1.30–1.56), chela with pedicel 6.13–6.35 (♂), 5.42–6.12 (♀) times (length 2.88–3.24 (♂), 3.15–3.36 (♀ )) longer than wide, finger 1.38–1.39 (♂), 1.28–1.37 (♀) times longer than hand with pedicel. Chelicera: rallum with 8 pinnate setae, distal one with an expanded base.

Description. Male (holotype; paratype male in parentheses; Fig. 34A ). Carapace, chelicerae, and pedipalps reddish brown; abdomen and legs yellowish.

Carapace ( Figs 35A , 36A ): smooth, 1.25 (1.21) times longer than wide, with a total of 25 (25) setae, including 4 (4) on anterior margin, 5 (6) on posterior margin, and 1–2 (1–2) on each side of antero-lateral margin; with 2 faint eyespots on a flat surface ( Fig. 35B ); epistome rounded.

Chelicera ( Figs 35C , 36B–C, F ): hand with 7 (6–7) setae, movable finger with 1 submedial seta; fixed finger with 11–12 (11–12) teeth; movable finger with 13–15 (11–12) teeth; serrula exterior with 36 (37) lamellae; serrula interior with 24 (28) lamellae. Galea ( Fig. 36F ) divided into 2 main branches, and each branch divided into two sub-branches. Rallum ( Fig. 36C ) with 8 (8) pinnate blades, distal-most blade with expanded base, distal-most 2 blades slightly separated from others, proximal one short.

Pedipalps ( Figs 35D–E , 36I–K ): apex of coxae rounded, with 4–5 (5) setae on each side, pedipalpal coxae with 5–7 (7) setae. Pedipalp smooth and slender. Trochanter 2.80 (2.81) times longer than wide, femur 6.32 (6.77), patella 5.48 (5.40) times longer than wide, pedicel about half the entire length of patella, chela (with pedicel) 6.13 (6.35), chela (without pedicel) 5.60 (5.82) times longer than wide, movable finger 1.68 (1.66) times longer than hand (without pedicel). Fixed chelal finger with 8 trichobothria, movable finger with 4, eb and esb on lateral margin of hand; ib, ist and isb closely grouped at the base of the fixed finger; est slightly base of finger middle; it -et at same level near fingertip; on movable finger st nearer to t than to sb, the latter nearer b than to st, the distance between sb and b longer than that of st between t, the distance between sb and st longer than that of sb between b ( Figs 35D , 36I–J ). Venom apparatus present only in fixed chelal finger, venom duct short, not extending past half of the distance to et. Fixed chelal finger with 130 (127) blunt and retrorse teeth, except for a few flat and round teeth in basal part; movable finger with 131 (138) teeth, which are blunt and retrorse in distal part, flat and round in middle and basal part; all teeth contiguous.

Abdomen: pleural membrane granulated. Tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 8:7:8:7:8:9:10:10:11:9:7 (8:8:8:8:10:10:10:12:11:10:8); sternal chaetotaxy (V–XI):8:14:15:15:16:14:12:4 (10:16:17:16:16:16:14:4); stigmata with 4–5 (5–6) setae; anal cone with 2 dorsal and 2 ventral setae. Male genital area ( Figs 35F , 36G ): sternite II with about 30 scattered setae; sternite III with anteromedian groove flanked by one small seta on each side, with 14 (21) posterior setae.

Legs: coxa chaetotaxy (I–IV): 9–11:8:3–4:10–13 (9–10:8–9:4:10–11). Leg I ( Figs 35H , 36L ): femur 5.00 (5.43), patella 3.88 (4.18), tibia 7.45 (7.15), basitarsus 4.00 (3.14), telotarsus 5.82 (5.38) times longer than wide, femur 1.61 (1.61) times longer than patella, telotarsus 1.60 (1.59) times longer than basitarsus.

Leg IV ( Figs 35I , 36E, M ): femur + patella 6.65 (5.70) times longer than wide, femur shorter than patella, tibia 9.40 (9.17), basitarsus 4.25 (4.07), telotarsus 7.00 (6.14) times longer than wide, telotarsus 1.51 times longer than basitarsus; basitarsus with one tactile setae (TS=0.16), telotarsus with one tactile setae (TS=0.44–0.50); subterminal tarsal seta ( Fig. 36E ) bifurcated, both branches dentated; arolium not divided, shorter than the slender and simple claws.

Females (paratypes; Figs 33 , 34B ): mostly same as holotype and paratype males.

Chelicera. Hand with 7 setae, movable finger with 1 submedial seta; fixed finger with 11–14 teeth; movable finger with 10–15 teeth; serrula exterior with 39–40 lamellae; serrula interior with 24–25 lamellae. Galea divided into 4‒6 main branches; rallum with 8 blades, and similar to the holotype.

Pedipalps. Apex of coxae rounded, with 4–5 setae on each side. Pedipalpal coxae with 7–9 setae. Trochanter 2.70–2.88, femur 6.12–6.79, patella 5.03–5.47, chela (with pedicel) 5.42–6.12, chela (without pedicel) 4.92–5.58 times longer than wide, movable finger 1.55–1.65 times longer than hand (without pedicel). Fixed chelal finger with about 125–129 teeth, movable finger with about 128–130 teeth.

Abdomen. Tergal chaetotaxy (I–XI): 6–8:7–9:8–10:8–10:8–10:9–11:11:10–12:10–12:10–12:6–7; sternal chaetotaxy (IV–XI): 8–10:13–17:16–17:16–19:15–19:15–16:12–14:4. Female genital area ( Figs 35G , 36H ): sternite II with 3–4 setae on each side; sternite III with a row of 14–16 setae on the posterior margin.

Measurements: (length/breadth or depth in mm; ratios for most characters in parentheses). Holotype male (paratype male in square brackets). Body length 2.78 [3.07]. Carapace 1.04/0.83 (1.25) [1.09/0.90 (1.21)]. Pedipalpal trochanter 0.84/0.30 (2.80) [0.90/0.32 (2.81)], femur 1.77/0.28 (6.32) [2.03/0.30 (6.77)], patella 1.70/0.31 (5.48) [1.89/0.35 (5.40)], chela (with pedicel) 2.88/0.47 (6.13) [3.24/0.51 (6.35)], chela (without pedicel) 2.63/0.47 (5.60) [2.97/0.51 (5.82)], hand length (without pedicel) 1.08 [1.21], movable finger length 1.81 (1.68 times longer than hand without pedicel) [2.01 (1.66 times longer than hand without pedicel)]. Leg I: trochanter 0.32/0.20 (1.60) [0.36/0.23 (1.57)], femur 1.00/0.20 (5.00) [1.14/0.21 (5.43)], patella 0.62/0.16 (3.88) [0.71/0.17 (4.18)], tibia 0.82/0.11 (7.45) [0.93/0.13 (7.15)], basitarsus 0.40/0.10 (4.00) [0.44/0.14 (3.14)], telotarsus 0.64/0.11 (5.82) [0.70/0.13 (5.38)]. Leg IV: trochanter 0.55/0.21 (2.62) [0.60/0.22 (2.73)], femur + patella 1.53/0.23 (6.65) [1.71/0.30 (5.70)], tibia 1.41/0.15 (9.40) [1.65/0.18 (9.17)], basitarsus 0.51/0.12 (4.25) [0.57/0.14 (4.07)], telotarsus 0.77/0.11 (7.00) [0.86/0.14 (6.14)].

Females (paratypes). Body length 2.41–5.26. Carapace 1.12–1.20/0.90–1.05 (1.14–1.24). Pedipalpal trochanter 0.88–0.98/0.32–0.36 (2.70–2.88), femur 1.97–2.08/0.29–0.34 (6.12–6.79), patella 1.83–1.96/0.34–0.39 (5.03– 5.47), chela (with pedicel) 3.15–3.36/0.52–0.62 (5.42–6.12), chela (without pedicel) 2.87–3.05/0.52–0.62 (4.92– 5.58), hand length (without pedicel) 1.18–1.29, movable finger length 1.90–2.00 (1.55–1.65 times longer than hand without pedicel). Leg I: trochanter 0.31–0.37/0.22–0.25 (1.41–1.57), femur 1.09–1.12/0.18–0.22 (5.09–6.11), patella 0.67–0.68/0.16–0.18 (3.78–4.19), tibia 0.92–0.96/0.11–0.13 (7.08–8.55), basitarsus 0.41–0.45/0.11–0.12 (3.73–4.00), telotarsus 0.65–0.69/0.11–0.12 (5.42–6.27). Leg IV: trochanter 0.56–0.63/0.23–0.26 (2.24–2.57), femur + patella 1.71–1.86/0.25–0.28 (6.21–6.88), tibia 1.61–1.67/0.16–0.18 (9.28–10.06), basitarsus 0.56–0.59/0.13–0.14 (4.00–4.54), telotarsus 0.77–0.85/0.12–0.13 (6.08–6.92).

Remarks. Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov. resembles B. cavernarum Mahnert et Li, 2016 , B. chinacavernicola ( Schawaller, 1995) , B. guangshanensis Gao et Zhang, 2017 , B. maomaotou Gao, Wynne et Zhang, 2018 and B. xishui sp. nov. in having a similar pedipalpal. The new species differs from B. cavernarum by the presence of only 2 faint eyespots on a flat surface of carapace (vs. B. cavernarum with 4 small eyes, 2 anterior eyes with indistinct lens); the pedipalpal femur 6.12–6.79 (♂ ♀) times longer than wide (vs. 5.82 (♂), 5.83 (♀) times in B. cavernarum ), the patella 5.03–5.47 (♂ ♀) times longer than wide (vs. 4.34 (♂), 4.67 (♀) times in B. cavernarum ); and the smooth pedipalp (vs. hand with finely granular distal part in B. cavernarum ).

The new species differs from B. chinacavernicola by the pedipalpal femur 6.12–6.79 (♂ ♀) times longer than wide (vs. 6.00 (♂), 5.61 (♀) times in B. chinacavernicola ), the patella 5.03–5.47 (♂ ♀) times longer than wide (vs. 4.69 (♂), 4.75 (♀) times in B. chinacavernicola ), and the chela (without pedicel) 5.60–5.82 (♂), 4.92–5.58 (♀) times longer than wide (vs. 4.85 (♂), 4.41 (♀) times in B. chinacavernicola ).

Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov. can be distinguished from B. guangshanensis by the pedipalpal femur 6.12–6.79 (♂ ♀) times longer than wide (vs. 5.32–5.70 (♂), 5.32–5.59 (♀) times in B. guangshanensis ), the patella 5.03–5.47 (♂ ♀) times longer than wide (vs. 3.89–4.41 (♂ ♀) times in B. guangshanensis ), the chela (without pedicel) 5.60– 5.82 (♂), 4.92–5.58 (♀) times longer than wide (vs. 4.41–4.79(♂ ♀) times in B. guangshanensis ), and the smooth pedipalp (vs. all segments except chela with scale-like sculptured in B. guangshanensis ).

The new species differs from B. maomaotou by the presence of only 2 faint eyespots on a flat surface of carapace (vs. B. maomaotou without eyes or eyespots); the female pedipalpal femur 6.12–6.79 times longer than wide (vs. 5.20 times in B. maomaotou ), the patella 5.03–5.47 times longer than wide (vs. 4.30 times in B. maomaotou ), the chela (without pedicel) 4.92–5.58 times longer than wide (vs. 4.24 times in B. maomaotou ), and the smooth pedipalp (vs. femur with granulations basally, chelal hand with fine granulations on medial face in B. maomaotou ).

Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov. can be distinguished from B. xishui sp. nov. by the pedipalpal femur 6.12–6.79 times longer than wide (vs. 5.58–5.82 times in B. xishui sp. nov.), the patella 5.03–5.48 times longer than wide (vs. 4.53–4.60 times in B. xishui sp. nov.), and the smooth pedipalp (vs. medial of hand and base of femur, which is finely granular in B. xishui sp. nov.).

This new species is similar, in pedipalpal proportions, to B. chumi sp. nov., and their differences can be referred to the Remarks of B. chumi sp. nov..

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distribution map of the type locality of troglomorphic Bisetocreagris species in China. A. B. maomaotou Gao, Wynne et Zhang, 2018 (Maomaotou Cave); B. B. que sp. nov. (Yanggong Cave); C. B. longidigitata sp. nov. (Mao’er Cave); D. B. brevis sp. nov. (Yehu Cave); E. B. aspera sp. nov. (Tu Cave); F. B. jiangi sp. nov. (Anjialin Cave); G. B. tenuipalma sp. nov. (Sanjie Cave); H. B. changbing sp. nov. (Sanyuan and Guanyin caves); I. B. ampla sp. nov. (Hei Cave); J. B. gracilenta Gao et Zhang, 2017 (Shanmu Cave); K. B. guangshanensis Gao et Zhang, 2017 (Guangshan Cave); L. B. chumi sp. nov. (Tufei Cave); M. B. sanmen sp. nov. (Sanmen Cave); N. B. xishui sp. nov. (Dongkoushang Cave); O. B. baozinensis Mahnert et Li, 2016 (Baozi Cave); P. B. chuanensis Mahnert et Li, 2016 (Chuan Cave); Q. B. grandis sp. nov. (Wulibeidadong Cave); R. B. scaura (Mahnert, 2003) (Dahei Cave); S. B. martii (Mahnert, 2003) and B. titania (Mahnert, 2003) (Guoquan Cave); T. B. xiaoensis Li et Liu, 2017 (Xiao Cave); U. B. juanxuae Mahnert et Li, 2016 (Dao Cave); V. B. cavernarum Mahnert et Li, 2016 (Ert Long Cave); W. B. chinacavernicola (Schawaller, 1995) (Xian Nin and Chao-Tian caves).

FIGURE 32. Anjialin Cave, type locality of Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov., A. Entrance; B. Interior landscape of the cave; C. Natural reservoirs in cave; D. Area where B. jiangi sp. nov. specimens were collected (under the rock).

FIGURE 33. Live individual of Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov. (female) on the ground.

FIGURE 34. Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov., A. Holotype male, dorsal view; B. Paratype female, dorsal view.

FIGURE 35. Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov., holotype male (A–F, H–I), female (G). A. Carapace, dorsal view; B. Eye area, lateral view; C. Right chelicera, dorsal view; D. Right chela, lateral view; E. Right pedipalp, dorsal view; F. Male genitalia; G. Female genitalia; H. Right leg I, lateral view; I. Right leg IV, lateral view.

FIGURE 36. Bisetocreagris jiangi sp. nov., holotype male (A–G, I–M), female (H). A. Carapace, dorsal view; B. Right chelicera, dorsal view; C. Rallum; D. Movable finger of chelicera, showing galea; E. Subterminal tarsal seta; F. Galea; G. Male genitalia, ventral view; H. Female genitalia, ventral view; I. Right chela, dorsal view; J. Right chelal fingers, retrolateral view; K. Right pedipalp, minus chela, dorsal view; L. Right leg I, lateral view; M. Right leg IV, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (C–E), 0.25 mm (B, G–H), 0.5 mm (A, I–M).