Empria candidata ( Fallén, 1808 ), Fallen, 1808

Macek, Jan & Kula, Emanuel, 2015, Revisionary study on European species of the Empria candidata complex (Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Tenthredinidae), Zootaxa 3946 (2), pp. 251-260 : 253-258

Empria candidata ( Fallén, 1808)

(Figs 1, 2, 4, 7)

Tenthredo candidata Fallén, 1808: 105 –106, ♀, type locality: Sweden.

Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda Klug, 1816: 77 –78, ♀, type locality: Botanical Garden in Berlin, Germany.

Type material examined. Tenthredo candidata Fallén 1808 . Lectotype (designated by Heidemaa et Prous): female, UUZM. Labelled: ‘‘Uppsala Univ. Zool. Mus. Typsamlingen nr. 1940b Hymenoptera Tenthredo candidata Fallén 1808 , [red label, printed, partly handwritten] // LECTOTYPUS 2008 [printed part, red label] TENTHREDO CANDIDATA Fallén 1808 Des. M. HEIDEMAA & M. PROUS [handwritten part] // Empria 2008 candidata ( Fallén, 1808) ♀ M. HEIDEMAA & M. PROUS [white label, printed].

Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda Klug, 1816 . Lectotype (here designated), ZMHB. Labelled: ‘‘13840 [white label, printed] // Kl. [white label, handwritten] // Repanda Kl. ♀ [white label, handwritten] // GBIF-GISHym 2387 [white label, printed] // Zool. Mus. Berlin [white label, handwritten] // Lectotypus Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda Klug, 1816 des. J. Macek 2014 [red label, printed]’’. Paralectotype, ZMHB. Labelled: ‘‘13840 [white label, printed] // GBIF- GISHym 2388 [white label, printed] // Zool. Mus. Berlin [white label, printed] // Paralectotypus Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda Klug, 1816 des. J. Macek 2014 [red label, printed]’’.

Three remaining females of the syntype series of T. (A.) repanda designated as paralectotypes (PARALECTOTYPUS Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda Klug 1816 Des. J. Macek 2014 [red label, printed]) belong to Empria magnicornis (Eversmann, 1864) (see below).

Other material studied. Czech Republic: Bohemia: Děčínský Sněžník mt., 50°46'38"N, 14°11'4"E: 29.iv.1993, 1 ♀, 27.iv.1994, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 4.v.1994, 1 ♀, 6.v.1994, 1 ♂, 11.v.1994, 1 ♂, 5.v.1995, 1 ♀, 26.v.1995, 3 ♂ 2 ♀, 27.iv.2007, 2 ♀, 4.v.2007, 1 ♀, 2.v.2008, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 16.v.2008, 2 ♀, 17.iv.2009, 1 ♀, 24.iv.2009, 2 ♂ 2 ♀, 1.v.2009, 1 ♀, 29.iv.2011, 1 ♀, 1.v.2011, 1 ♂ 1♀, 20.v.2011, 1 ♀, 27.iv.2012, 1 ♂, 11.v.2012, 1 ♀, all YPT, E. Kula lgt.; Děčínský Sněžník, PLATE 1. Figs 1–3. Types. 1— Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda Klug, 1816 (lectotype, female): a—head (dorsal view); bhabitus (lateral view); c—habitus (dorsal view). 2— Tenthredo candidata Fallén, 1808 (lectotype, female): a—head (dorsal view); b—habitus (lateral view); c—habitus (dorsal view). 3— T. magnicornis Eversmann, 1864 (type, male): a—head (frontal view); b—habitus (dorsal view); c—penis valve (incomplete, dorsal spine missing). Scale: habitus— 5 mm; head— 1 mm; penis valve—0.4 mm.

PLATE. 2. Figs. 4. Empria candidata ( Fallén, 1808) : a—male, habitus (dorsal view); b—female (habitus, dorsal view); cmale (head, frontal view); d—head (female, dorsal view); e—mesosoma (female, dorsal view); f—penis valve; gmesepisternum. Scale: habitus— 5 mm; head— 1 mm; mesosoma + mesepisternum—1.5 mm; penis valve—0.4 mm.

PLATE 3. Figs. 5. Empria magnicornis (Eversmann, 1864) : a—male (habitus, dorsal view); b—female (habitus, dorsal view); c—male (head, frontal view); d—head (female, dorsal view); e—mesosoma (female, dorsal view); f—penis valve; g—mesepisternum. Scale: habitus— 5 mm; head— 1 mm; mesosoma + mesepisternum—1.5 mm; penis valve—0.4 mm.

PLATE 4. Figs. 6–7. Larvae. 6— Empria magnicornis (Eversmann, 1864) : a—pale form; b—dark form. 7— E. candidata ( Fallén, 1808) . Scale: 10 mm.

50°46'38"N, 14°11'4"E, 13.vii.2006, 1 larva on Betula carpatica , 1 ♀ emerged 16.iii.2007, J. Macek lgt; Hradčany, 50°37'17"N, 14°43'28"E, 9.v.2004, 1 ♀, J. Macek lgt.; České Švýcarsko NP, Vlčí potok (brook), 50°56'29"N, 14°26'57"E, MT, 23.v.2006, 1 ♂, M. Trýzna lgt.; Krušné hory (mts.), Dolní Nivy env., Pstruhový potok (brook), 50°14'53"S, 12°38'36"E, MT, 19.v.2004, 1 ♀, J. Macek lgt.; Železné hory PLA: Jetonice, 49°54'52"N, 15°35'18"E, MT, 26.iv.2007, 1 ♀; Zbyslavec, 49°54'6"N, 15°34'39"E; MT, 26.iv.2007, 1 ♀, all F. Bárta lgt. Moravia: Bílé Karpaty PLA, Ploščiny NR, 49°8'17.82"N, 18°3'39.89"E, 11.v.2006, 1 ♂, MT, J. Macek lgt. All J. Macek det., NMPC.

Variability. The length of females varies between 6–8 mm, in males 5–7 mm; two pale spots on clypeus in males separate or coalescent; in females the number of the pale paired patches on abdominal terga varies in shape, size and number from three to five, in males from two to three; in some male specimens the posterior patches becoming obliterated, or absent; in females two pale spots of variable size on mesepisternum, the anterior spot sometimes obliterated or enlarged and partly coalescent with posterior spot; the hind femora in females black with pale apices to pale with dark interior side.

Bionomics. Habitat: deciduous and mixed forests with birch, birch stands from colline to montane zone; flight period April to mid May; larval period from June to mid July. Host plants: B. pendula ( Lorenz & Kraus 1957; Taeger et al. 1998), Betula pubescens (new record), B. carpatica (new record). Empria candidata often occurs syntopically with its close relative E. magnicornis .

Distribution. Palearctic; Sweden, Czech Republic, Germany (the present distribution pattern is based only on the data of the revised specimens).

Discussion. The species name has been applied according to the female lectotype specimen as selected and designated by Heidemaa & Prous (Prous et al. 2011). The revised type series of five female specimens of Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda , a junior synonym of E. candidata , is composed of two distinct species. Two specimens including the lectotype with handwritten label proved to be conspecific with E. candidata , whilst the three remaining specimens belong to the here revalidated Empria magnicornis (see below). The specimen bearing Klug´s original handwritten label was selected and designated lectotype of Tenthredo (Allantus) repanda , thus maintaining Thomson´s (1870) synonymy of this nominal taxon with E. candidata . Nevertheless, the correct association of the males as given in some later publications ( Conde 1934; Benson 1938, 1952) is impossible to check, due to the vague diagnosis. An exception is Prous et al. (2011), where the illustrated penis valve undoubtedly belongs to E. magnicornis . Larvae as described and illustrated by Brischke (1883), Lorenz & Kraus (1957) and Verzhutskii (1966) agree more with Empria magnicornis than E. candidata .