Leptoconchus ingranulosa, Gittenberger, 2011

Gittenberger, Adriaan Gittenberger Edmund, 2011, Cryptic, adaptive radiation of endoparasitic snails: sibling species of Leptoconchus (Gastropoda: Coralliophilidae) in corals, Organisms Diversity & Evolution 11 (1), pp. 21-41 : 34-35

Leptoconchus ingranulosa sp. nov.

( Figs. 3 , 27–29)

Etymology. The specific epithet reflects that the species has been found exclusively in corals of Fungia (Wellsofungia) granulosa . For the purposes of nomenclature, it is herewith declared (under ICZN 1999 Article 26) as not to be treated as a Greek, Latin or latinized word; thus, the spelling presented here is to remain unchanged.

Type material. Holotype female ( RMNH 102769 ), found in the mushroom coral Fungia (Wellsofungia) granulosa ; Indonesia, Bali, Nusa Penida , N of Tukad Adegan, 08°40′32″S 115°31′18″E.

Paratypes. Indonesia. Bali: type locality (102770/1sn: m, 1sn: f+e in same coral as holotype; 102776/2sn: m&f +e); Tanjung Benoa, Loloan Benoa , 08°45′46″S 115°14′01″ E ( RMNH 102771 /2sn: m&f+e, 102772/1sn: m); Tulamben Beach, SE end, drop-off, 08°16′40″S 115°35′45″E ( RMNH 102773 /1sn: f&e, 102774/2sn: m&f 3sh: m&2f) .

N Sulawesi: SW of Gorontalo , 00°27′00″N 124°28′43″E ( RMNH 102775 /2sn: m&f+e) .

Central Sulawesi, Tomini Bay, Togian Islands: barrier reef S of Waleabahi Island, 00°26′16″S 122°15′57″E ( RMNH 102777 */2sn: m&f+e); S Talatakoh Island , 00°28′22″S 122° 08′22″E ( RMNH 102778 */1sn: m); Barrier Reef S of Talatakoh Island, 00°29′39″S 122°04′21″E ( RMNH 102779 / 1sn: f 1sh: m); S Togian Island , 00°25′31″S 122°00′11″E ( RMNH 102780 /2sn: m&f+e, 102781/1sn: m 2sh: f, 102782/ 2sn: m&f+e 3sh: f); N Togian Island , 00°21′13″S 121°50′38″ E ( RMNH 102783 /3sn: m&3f 2sh: f) .

SW Sulawesi, Spermonde Archipelago: W Kudingareng Keke Island, 05°06′09″S 119°17′09″E ( RMNH 90027 /1sn: m, 90052/1sn: f); SW Kudingareng Keke Island , 05°06′21″S 119°17′03″E ( RMNH 87858 /2sn: m&f); W Bone Lola Reef, 05°03′07″S 119°21′09″E ( RMNH 90021 */1sn: f 1sh: m); W Barang Lompo Island , 05°02′51″S 119°19′44″E ( RMNH 90024 /1sn: f); W Badi Island , 04°58′05″S 119°16′54″E ( RMNH 90029 /1sn: f&e); NW Lumulumu Island , 04°58′13″ S 119°12′35″E ( RMNH 90067 /1sn: f); W Kapodasang Reef, 05°05′35″S 119°15′20″E ( RMNH 90095 /1sn: f) .

Palau. NE of Ngeremdiu , Lighthouse Reef: forereef, 07° 16′30″N 134°27′25″E ( RMNH 102784 /3sn: m&2f+e, 1sh: f, 102785/1sn: m 1sh: f, 102786/1sn: f2sh: f, 102787/4sn: 3m &f); do., 07°16′14″N 134°27′21″E ( RMNH 102788 /2sn: m&f+e, 102789/1sn: f); backreef, 07°17′11″N 134°27′26″E ( RMNH 102790 /2sn: m&f) .

Diagnosis. Among the Leptoconchus species with reduced and variable morphological characters and associated with fungiid corals, L. ingranulosa sp. nov. is differentiated by a unique combination of nucleotides in the Cytochrome Oxidase I barcoding sequence ( GB: EU215821–EU215823, EU215882), as indicated by underlined letters in Fig. 48 .

Shell. Holotype female (Figs. 27, 28) H 11.3 mm,W 12.2 mm; columellar callus covering most of surface of last whorl; outer lip regularly curved, its lower half gradually passing into shell base. Outer lip of male specimen less regularly curved at shell base. H and W of largest female shell 16.0 mm and 17.2 mm, respectively, versus H 8.1 mm and W 7.0 mm for largest male (found with holotype; Fig. 29). Apical part of female shell distinctly protruding above apertural edge (Fig. 27), hardly or not protruding in male shell (Fig. 29).

Habitat. The snails and their egg capsules were found at 5–20 m depth, exclusively with the mushroom coral species Fungia (Wellsofungia) granulosa Klunzinger, 1879 . The siphon pores are located on the upper side of the corals.

Distribution. The range of Leptoconchus ingranulosa extends from Indonesia to Palau.

Figures

Fig. 3 Cytochrome Oxidase I phylogeny reconstruction of fungiidassociated Leptoconchus species, showing strict consensus of five trees, i.e. the two most parsimonious trees resulting from a heuristic search, and the three 50% consensus trees with compatible groupings

Fig. 48 Partial Cytochrome Oxidase I sequences for 14 species of Leptoconchus; for each species, the respective combination of underlined nucleotides is considered diagnostic