Dichagyris sinangularis, Gyulai, 2021

Gyulai, Péter, 2021, Notes on the subgenus Albocosta Fibiger & Lafontaine 1997, with descriptions of five new taxa from Asia (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), Ecologica Montenegrina 40, pp. 26-45 : 39-43

Dichagyris (Albocosta) triangularis sinangularis ssp. n.

( Figs 18-19 , 38-39 , 53-54 )

Holotype. Male ( Fig. 18 ), China, prov. Shaanxi, Tsinling Mts., Fopin Mt. , 33 o 45' N, 107 o 38' E, 1900 m.; 1 - 30. VI. 2004, leg. V. Siniaev & Team, slide no. GYP 5345 (coll. PGYM, later to be deposited in the HNHM).

Paratypes. China. 7 males, 3 females , with same data as holotype; 3 females , prov. Shaanxi, Taibai Shan, Tsinling Mts., Dudamen vill., 33° 55' N, 107° 44' E, 2600 m, 28-30.VI.2005, leg. V. Siniaev & Team, (coll. PGYM); 2 males , prov. Shaanxi, S Taibaishan, Tsinling Mts., Houzhenzi vil., 1600 m, 33 o 53' N, 107 o 49' E; 22. VIII.-25.X.1999, leg. V.Siniaev & A.Plutenko (coll. PGYM); 2 males, 3 females , China, prov. Shaanxi, Qinling Mts., Xunyangba (6 km E), 1000-1300 m., 23.V.-13.VI.1998, leg. J. H. Marshal (coll. MDC); 1 male, 1 female , prov. Gansu, Min Shan , 50 km W of Wudu, vil., 33 o 30' N, 104 o 35 ' E, 2350 m, 27.VII.-17.VIII.2000, leg. V.Siniaev & A.Plutenko (coll. PGYM); 1 female , prov. N-Yunnan, West coast of Lugu lake , 3000 m, 30-31.VII.2005, leg. S. Murzin (coll. PGYM); 3 females , prov. Yunnan, Bailakou pass, 3500 m, 63 km NW of Zhongdian, 1-3.VIII.2010, leg. S. Murzin (coll. PGYM); 2 females , N. Yunnan, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture , 5 km SE of Deqin, 3356 m, 16-17. VI. 2009, leg. B. Benedek (coll. P. PGYM); 2 males, 2 females , prov. Sichuan, Lingshan Mts., 3760 m, n. Mianning , 1-3.VII.2010, leg: S. Murzin (coll. PGYM); 1 male , prov. Sichuan, env. Shade (N of Jiulong), 3400 m, 19-21.VIII.2007, leg. S. Murzin (coll. PGYM); 2 males , prov. Sichuan, Aba pref., Heishui , 3100 m, 32 o 0199 N,102 o 9864' E, 12.VI.- 5.VII.2013, leg. M. Murzin & O. Shulga (coll. PGYM); 1 female , prov. Sichuan, Kanding , 25.VII. 2003, leg. nat. collector (coll. PGYM); 1 male , S Tibet, Zhangmu , 2300 m, 20.VII.2000, leg. Richter & Maior (coll. PGYM); 2 males, 2 females , China, North Sichuan, near Jiuzhaigou , 2160 m, N29°87.340’, E102°30.970’, 25-26. VIII.2014, leg. Floriani & Saldaitis (coll AFM); 1 male , same data (coll. PGYM); 1 female , China, W. Sichuan, road Yajiang / Litang , 3600 m, 15.VII.2009, 29°59 N, 100°52 E, leg. Irene & Alessandro Floriani, Saldaitis (coll. AFM); 1 male , China, N.W. Sichuan, near Derge , 3400 m, N 31°49’12", E98°34’59", 04.VII.2019, Butvila & Saldaitis leg. (coll. AFM); 2 males , China, Shaanxi, 1480 m, North from Foping, N 33°42.546", E107°56.418", 3-5.VIII.2016, Floriani & Saldaitis leg. (coll. AFM); 1 female , China, Shaanxi, 1730 m, North from Taibai, N 34°08.581", E107°17.019", 4.VIII. 2016, Floriani & Saldaitis leg, (coll. AFM); 1 male , China, NW. Yunnan, Nu Jiang valley, 42 km S from Fugong, Zhi Zi Luo city, 2100 m, N 26°32.29", E 98°55.25", 18.V.2018, Butvila & Saldaitis leg, (coll. AFM) .

Slides: GYP 3959male, GYP 4933female, GYP 5256male, GYP 5338female, GYP 5339female, OP 3547female

Diagnosis. The size of both the typical ( Fig. 17 ) (syntypes are from Bengal, India), and the new subspecies ( Figs 18-19 ), is very varied, forewing length 14-20 mm and 17-22 mm, wingspans 28-41 mm and 31-43 mm, respectively. However, in average the specimens of the new subspecies are somewhat larger than the nominotypical subspecies, particularly in the provinces Shaanxi and Gansu and forewings somewhat broader. Ground colour of forewings is darker reddish-brown or reddish-black, with more or less violet shade, particularly in the females, while the typical subspecies has more reddish colouration in forewings. Except for the whitish, yellowish or ochreous costal field and the black, triangle small subapical patch, wing pattern is very obscure and the shape of transverse lines shows individual variability in both of subspecies.

In the male genitalia ( Figs 38-39 ), individual variability in the shape of valvae and vesica can be remarkable in both subspecies, although the harpe is not so rounded apically in the new one; thus genitalia construction do not provide enough evidence for reliable separation.

Surprisingly, in the female genitalia ( Figs 53-54 ), there are conspicuous differences; in the new subspecies, the papillae anales larger and not rounded apically, ductus bursae significantly thinner, without side extension, appendix and corpus bursae also thinner and less robust than in the typical ones ( Figs 50-52 ).

Description ( Figs 18-19 ). Forewing length 17-22 mm, wingspan 31-43 mm. Ground colour of forewings dark red-brown, or dark red-blackish, with more or less violet shade, particularly in the females; slightly darker in the middle area and lighter, with more violet glimmering in the subterminal area. Costa broadly pale ochreous or yellowish until the tip of the reniform stigma, conjoining with the same coloured orbicular macula. Transverse lines obscure, antemedial lines wavy, postmedial lines evenly arched, subterminal line slightly lighter and wavy, fringe as ground colour. Hindwings dark brown or greyish brown, discal spot thin, fringe as ground colour.

Male genitalia ( Figs 38-39 ). The structure is the same as that of the typical subspecies, with individual variability in the shape of valvae and vesica.

Female genitalia ( Figs 53-54 ). The main characters are the setose, angular papillae anales, short apophyses anteriores and somewhat longer apophyses posteriores; sclerotized, broadly u-shaped antrum; tubular, posteriorly evenly enlarging and longitudinally slightly sclerotized - wrinkled ductus bursae; elongate, tubular appendix bursae and corpus bursae, from which the former one is somewhat shorter and less ample, while the corpus bursae enlarged distally.

Bionomics and distribution. The new subspecies is known from the mountains of the Chinese provinces Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan.

Etymology. The name of the new subspecies refers to the sino-tibetan distribution and the close relationship with the typical one.

Figures

Figures 17–24. Dichagyris (Albocosta) spp. adults. 17. D. (A.) triangularis, male, India, W Bengal, Darjeeling, 27-29. IX. 1986, leg. Aulombard & J. Plante (coll. PGYM); 18. D. (A.) triangularis sinangularis ssp. n., HT, male, China, prov. Shaanxi, Tsinling Mts., Fopin Mt., 33o 45' N, 107o 38' E, 1900 m, 1 - 30. VI. 2004, leg. V. Siniaev & Team, slide no. GYP 5345m (coll. PGYM); 19. D. (A.) triangularis sinangularis ssp. n., PT, female, China, prov. Shaanxi, Tsinling Mts., Dudamen vill., 33o 55' N, 107o 44' E, 2600 m, 20 - 30. VI. 2005, leg. V. Siniaev & Team, (coll. PGYM); 20. D. (A.) antevolans sp. n., HT, male, Nepal, Annapurna region, Sudame, 1250 m, 24-25. III. 1995, leg. M. Hreblay & L. Németh, slide no. GYP 5349 (coll. PGYM); 21. D. (A.) antevolans sp. n., PT, female, Nepal, Annapurna region, Nangethanti, 2445 m, 19-20. III. 1995, leg. M. Hreblay & L. Németh slide no. GYP 5346, (coll. PGYM); 22. D. (A.) antevolans sp. n., PT, Nepal, Ganesh Himal, 2 km E of Yürekharka, 3000 m, 3. IV. 1995, leg. M. Hreblay & L. Németh (coll. PGYM); 23. D. (A.) stentzi, male, Russia, Kadilnaya, 80 km S. of Irkutsk, lake Baikal, 12. VIII. 1988, leg. I. Gyulai, slide no. Hreblay 13130, (coll. PGYM); 24. D. (A.) stentzi, female, Russia, Far East, Vladivostok distr., Nachodka, 1-31. VII. 1994, leg. Kuznecov (coll. PGYM).

Figures 37–40. Male genitalia. 37. D. (A.) triangularis, Pakistan, Himalaya, GYP 5251; 38. D. (A.) triangularis sinangularis ssp. n., HT, China, prov. Shaanxi, slide no. GYP 5345; 39. D. (A.) triangularis sinangularis ssp. n., PT, China, prov. Shaanxi, GYP 3084; 40. D. (A.) antevolans sp. n., HT, Nepal, Annapurna, GYP 5349.

Figures 52–57. Female genitalia. 52. D. (A.) triangularis, Nepal, Ganesh Himal, GYP 5250; 53. D. (A.) triangularis sinangularis ssp. n., PT, China, Yunnan, GYP 4933; 54. D. (A.) triangularis sinangularis ssp. n., PT, China, Yünnan GYP 5339; 55. D. (A.) antevolans sp. n., PT, Nepal, Annapurna, GYP 5346; 56. D. (A.) antevolans sp. n., PT, Nepal, Annapurna, GYP 5348; 57. D. (A.) stentzi, China, Sichuan GYP 3090.

Figures 46–51. Female genitalia. 46. D. (A.) ulrici, India, Himachal Pradesh, GYP 5316; 47. D. (A.) sugii, Nepal, Dhaulagiri, GYP 5254; 48. D. (A.) sugii, PT, Nepal, Annapurna GYP 5341; 49. D. (A.) ochrocosta sp. n., HT, Bhutan, GYP 4409; 50. D. (A.) triangularis, Pakistan, Himalaya, GYP 5252; 51. D. (A.) triangularis, India, Bengal, GYP 5244.