Clavatula sorini, Harzhauser & Landau & Janssen, 2022

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard & Janssen, Ronald, 2022, The Clavatulidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations on fossil and extant Clavatulidae genera, Zootaxa 5123 (1), pp. 1-172 : 24-26

Clavatula sorini nov. sp.

Figs 11A 1 –A 3 , B 1 –B 3, 3G , 5 , 6

Pleurotoma (Clavatula) spinosa Grat. — Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 342, pl. 46, figs 22a–b [non ‘ Clavatula ’ spinosa Grateloup, 1832 ].

Type material. Holotype: NHMW 1865 /0001/0224, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), SL: 29.8 mm, MD: 15.6 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 46, figs 22a–b); figs 11A 1 –A 3 . Paratype: NHMW 1874 /0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), SL: 30.9 mm , MD: 14.7 mm, figs 11B 1 –B 3, 3G.

Type locality. Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Făget Basin .

Type stratum. Silt and clay of the Dej Formation.

Age. Middle Miocene, early/middle Badenian (Langhian).

Etymology. In honor of Sorin Filipescu (Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj, Romania), in recognition of his contributions to the Neogene stratigraphy of the Transylvanian Basin.

Diagnosis. Medium-sized, moderately broad biconic, with coronate spire, open spines on subsutural collar, last whorl with sharply angular shoulder, cancellate sculpture at mid-whorl, base with irregular cords, siphonal canal moderately short.

Description. Shell medium-sized, moderately broad biconic, solid, with coronate conical spire, apical angle about 45–47°. Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch of up to nine whorls (earliest whorls not preserved). Early teleoconch whorls with bipartite sculpture; weakly granulose subsutural cord, fine spiral threads in concave portion at mid-whorl, bifid beaded suprasutural cord in apposition to abapical suture. On the sixth spire whorl sculpture changes abruptly. Sharp open spines appear on subsutural collar. Spines slightly bent adapically, mid-whorl portion concave, weakly striate. Beads along abapical suture broaden into low triangular riblets. Suture narrowly impressed, weakly undulating. Last whorl 60% of total height; subsutural collar bearing 12–14 sharp spiny tubercles; subsutural ramp very broad, steep, concave, weakly spirally striate, with weak ribs on abapical half of ramp strengthening towards shoulder; shoulder sharp; ribs most strongly developed at mid-whorl, crossing three spiral cords resulting in cancellate mid-whorlsculpture. Base moderately well delimited by strengthened peribasal cord. Base strongly constricted, concave, bearing cords of irregular strength, two stronger just above the siphonal fasciole, beaded by axial ribs that weaken abapically. Siphonal fasciole poorly delimited, bearing numerous fine spiral cords. Aperture ovate, outer lip not thickened, smooth within. Anal sinus moderately wide, moderately deep, asymmetrically Ushaped. Siphonal canal moderately short, shallowly notched at tip. Columella strongly excavated in adapical third, straight below, weakly twisted, smooth. Columellar and parietal callus thickened, sharply delimited, forming moderately broad callus rim.

Discussion. Clavatula sorini is morphologically very close to the extant C. muricata ( Lamarck, 1822) . Both species are coronate with prominent, open spines and sharp shoulder. Clavatula muricata , however differs in its more conical spire, the narrower anal sinus and the less prominent and raised spiral cords on the base.

When describing this species, Hoernes & Auinger (1891) referred to a species established by Grateloup (1832, 1846) from the Burdigalian of Dax in the Aquitaine Basin as Pleurotoma spinosa . The status of this French species is not fully clear and Peyrot (1931: 18) treated it as synonym of Clavatula asperulata ( Lamarck, 1822) [= Megaclavatula asperulata ]. The illustrations of Grateloup (1846, pl. 19, fig. 24) and Peyrot (1931, pl. 5, figs 11, 15) differ clearly from the Paratethyan species in their slender outline, high and flat-sided early spire whorls, and the much more prominent and spiny nodes on the penultimate and last whorls. These features distinguish also the late Miocene species from Stazzano and S. Agata in Italy, which were erroneously identified as Clavatula spinosa Grateloup by Bellardi (1877). The Italian shells differ in their more slender shape, longer siphonal canal, narrower last whorl, only one stronger subperipheral spiral cord on the basis and more numerous but less spiny nodes on the shoulder (pers. obs. R. Janssen).

Paleoenvironment. Unknown, probably middle to outer neritic environments based on assemblages from Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) (own data).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1891).

Proto-Mediterranean Sea:? Tortonian (late Miocene): Po Basin: S. Agata, Stazzano ( Italy) ( Bellardi 1877).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E.-Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 3. Early teleoconch whorls of extant and fossil Clavatulidae species. A. Clavatula regia (Röding, 1798), NHMW 1683 6/28, West Africa. B. Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845), NHMW 10203, Gorée (Senegal). C. ‘Clavatula’ diadema (Kiener, 1839), NHMW 1884/0010/0023, Gorée (Senegal). D. ‘Clavatula’ mystica (Reeve, 1843), MNHN-IM-2013-59897, Est de l'ile de Gorée (Senegal). E. ‘Clavatula’ bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN-IM-2013-43369, Dakar (Senegal). F. ‘Clavatula’ pyramidata (Kiener, 1839), MNHN-IM-2009-24982, Baie de Pointe-Noire (Republique du Congo). G. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1874/0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. ‘Clavatula’ romana (Defrance, 1826), NHMW 1999/0098/0004, Modra-Kráľová (Slovakia). I. ‘Clavatula’ interrupta (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 1861/0033/0420, Buituri (Romania). J. ‘Clavatula’ hirmetzli Kovács & Vicián, 2021, NHMW 1868/0001/0069, Baden-Sooss (Austria). K. ‘Clavatula’ irisae nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0126/0001, holotype, Gainfarn (Austria). L. ‘Clavatula’ sophiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 2021/0127/0001, Enzesfeld (Austria). M. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0044b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). N. ‘Clavatula’ santhai Kovács & Vicián, 2021, holotype, HNHM, PAL 2021.20.1, Letkés (Hungary).O. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). P. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Q. Megaclavatula grunerti nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0127/0003, Enzesfeld (Austria). R. Megaclavatula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830), NHMW 1853/0038/0035a, Korytnica (Poland). S. Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0051a, Baden-Sooss (Austria). T. Megaclavatula polonica (Pusch, 1837), NHMW 1862/0001/0324, Bad Vöslau (Austria).U. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0099, Möllersdorf (Austria). V. Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841), NHMW 1846/0028/0009, Enzesfeld (Austria). W. Granulatocincta nataliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0035/0021, holotype, Belgrade/Rakovica (Serbia). X. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW1997z0178/1133, Bad Vöslau (Austria).Y. Granulatocincta callim nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0128/0001, Bad Sauerbrunn (Austria). Z. Granulatocincta contorta (Švagrovský, 1958), holotype, SNMB Z 3076, Kuzmice (Slovakia), Aa. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320b, Ritzing (Austria). Ab. Olegia doderleini (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW 1858/0015/0147, Wiesen (Austria). Ac. Olegia mandici nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1872/0031/0008a, Bekića vrelo, Čremušnica at Donji Kirin (Croatia). Ae. Olegia dorotheae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0040, Kleinebersdorf (Austria). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Granulatocincta contorta, Olegia doderleini and O. mandici.

FIGURE 5. Anal sinus morphology of Paratethyan Clavatulidae.

FIGURE 6. Apertures of Paratethyan Clavatulidae (C. = Clavatula, ‘C.’ = ‘Clavatula’, G. = Granulatocincta, M. = Megaclavaltula, O. = Olegia).

FIGURE 11 A1–A3. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 1865/0001/0224, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B3. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1874/0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).C1–C3. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).D1–D3. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), E1–E2. ‘Clavatula’ atatuerki nov. sp., holotype,. NHMW 1847/0058/1216, Seyithasan (Turkey). F1–F2. ‘Clavatula’ atatuerki nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1847/0058/1217, Seyithasan (Turkey). G1–G2. ‘Clavatula’ santhai Kovács & Vicián, 2021, holotype, HNHM, PAL 2021.20.1, Letkés (Hungary).