Megaclavatula antoniae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard & Janssen, Ronald, 2022, The Clavatulidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations on fossil and extant Clavatulidae genera, Zootaxa 5123 (1), pp. 1-172 : 63-64

Megaclavatula antoniae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891)

Figs 20D 1 –D 2 , E 1 –E 2 , F 1 –F 3 , G 1 –G 3 , 5 , 6

Clavatula Antoniae —Hoernes 1891: 130 [nomen nudum].

* Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Antoniae nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 345, pl. 44, figs 6a–b.

Übergangsform zwischen Pleurotoma (Clavatula) asperulata Lamk. und Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Rosaliae Hoern. et Auing. — Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 343, pl. 44, figs 7–8.

Übergangsform zwischen Pleurotoma (Clavatula) asperulata Lamk. und Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Styriaca Auing. — Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 343, pl. 44, fig. 9.

Clavatula styriaca Auing. var.— Friedberg 1912: 199, text-fig. 49 [non Perrona styriaca ( Hilber, 1879) ].

Clavatula styriaca Auing. —Friedberg 1928: 570, pl. 37, figs 9–10 [non Perrona styriaca ( Hilber, 1879) ].

C [lavatula]. (C [lavatula]) antoniae (R. Hörn. et Au.) — Sieber 1958a: 157.

Clavatula styriaca (Auinger) — Bałuk 1970: 118, pl. 13, fig. 6 [non Perrona styriaca ( Hilber, 1879) ].

Clavatula kowalewskii sp. nov. — Bałuk 2003: 40, pl. 6, figs 5–10.

Type material. Holotype: NHMW 1849 /0005/0048, Guntersdorf ( Austria), SL: 64.1 mm, MD: 24.6 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 44, figs 6a–b), figs 19F 1 –F 3.

Additional studied material. NHMW 1949/0005/0045, Guntersdorf ( Austria), SL: 59.5 mm, MD: 21.4 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 44, fig. 7), figs 20G 1 –G 3; NHMW 1949/0005/0045, Guntersdorf ( Austria), SL: 54.3 mm, MD: 18.6 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 44, fig. 9) figs 20E 1 –E 2; NHMW 1949/0005/0045, Guntersdorf ( Austria), SL: 42.9 mm, MD: 16.1 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 44, fig. 8).

Z. PAL.U.W., No BkKG928, Korytnica ( Poland), SL: 50.0 mm, MD: 18.5 mm, holotype of Clavatula kowalewskii Bałuk, 2003 , illustrated in Bałuk (2003: 40, pl. 6, fig. 9), stored in the Paleontological Institute of the Warsaw University, figs 19D 1 –D2. Z. PAL.U.W., No BkKG924, paratype of Clavatula kowalewskii Bałuk, 2003 , illustrated in Bałuk (2003: 40, pl. 6, fig. 5); additional paratypes of Clavatula kowalewskii Bałuk, 2003 : Z. PAL. U.W., No BkKG925, illustrated in Bałuk (2003: 40, pl. 6, fig. 6); Z. PAL.U.W., No BkKG926, illustrated in Bałuk (2003: 40, pl. 6, fig. 7); Z. PAL.U.W., No BkKG927, illustrated in Bałuk (2003: 40, pl. 6, fig. 8); Z. PAL.U.W., No BkKG929, illustrated in Bałuk (2003: 40, pl. 6, fig. 10); all from Korytnica ( Poland), stored in the Paleontological Institute of the Warsaw University.

Revised description. Shell medium-sized, solid, moderately broad fusiform with conical spire; apical angle ~33–40°. Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch of at least ten almost flat-sided whorls, very weakly concave at mid-whorl on later whorls. Early teleoconch whorls with weak, faintly beaded subsutural cord, prominently beaded suprasutural cord and faint central spiral cord. Sculpture changing abruptly on sixth teleoconch whorl. Subsutural cord becomes weakly swollen, faintly angled subsutural collar with low, wide-spaced, tubercles placed distinctly below suture, 14 on last whorl (tubercles strongly reduced in holotype). Suprasutural cord completely covered by subsequent whorl. Mid-whorl smooth, very weakly concave. Suture narrowly incised, weakly undulating. Last whorl 65% of total height, poorly delimited. Weakly spinous subsutural collar, very weakly concave subsutural ramp, rounded moderately inflated shoulder, weakly to moderately delimited shoulder, base moderately constricted. Spiral sculpture subobsolete, with shoulder and peribasal cords slightly stronger and weakly nodular in some specimens. Siphonal fasciole of medium length, moderately delimited, distinctly twisted. Aperture moderately wide, ovate. Uuter lip not thickened, smooth within. Anal sinus moderately wide and deep, asymmetrically U- to V-shaped, with apex mid-ramp; siphonal canal moderately long, wide, twisted to left and recurved, shallowly notched at tip. Columella shallowly excavated, weakly twisted, smooth. Columellar and parietal callus thin, adherent, poorly delimited.

Discussion. This species displays some variability concerning presence and strength of tubercles on the subsutural collar and the development of the shoulder and peribasal cords on the last whorl, which are weakly tuberculose in some specimens. It was partly treated by Hoernes & Auinger (1891) as intermediate form between Megaclavatula asperulata ( Lamarck, 1822) and Perrona rosaliae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) or as intermediate form between M. asperulata ( Lamarck, 1822) and Perrona styriaca ( Hilber, 1879) . Perrona rosaliae differs in its comma-shaped early teleoconch sculpture typical of the genus, the much more prominent beads on early teleoconch whorls, the smaller and more widely spaced tubercles on later teleoconch whorls, the subcylindrical shape of the whorls, and the absence of spiral sculpture. Megaclavatula antoniae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) has little in common with Megaclavatula asperulata ( Lamarck, 1822) (sensu Peyrot, 1931), which has a conical and coronate spire, and any closer relationship is very unlikely.

When describing Megaclavatula kowalewskii as a new species, Bałuk (2003) had overlooked this species. We see no differences between the types of M. kowalewskii and M. antoniae . Therefore, we treat M. kowalewskii as junior subjective synonym of M. antoniae . Spadini & Manganelli (2010) suggested a placement of M. kowalewskii in Perrona based on the reduced sculpture. The early teleoconch whorls, however, lack the characteristic commashaped axial riblets of Perrona . Megaclavatula antoniae is slightly reminiscent of M. neudorfensis ( Schaffer, 1898) concerning overall shape and sculpture of the sutural collar, but Megaclavatula neudorfenesis differs in its higher spire and deeply concave mid-portion of the spire whorls. Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp. is broader and has a coronate collar.

Paleoenvironment. At the locality Grund fossiliferous channel fills, which formed in middle to outer neritic environments bear allochthonous assemblages uniting coastal-mudflat faunas with inner neritic ones ( Zuschin et al. 2005; Roetzel 2009). Preservation and color of the shells, suggest, that M. antoniae belonged to the allochthonous shallow water fauna and not to the autochthonous deep-water fauna.

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Faszczówka ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1912); North Alpine -Carpathian Foreland Basin: Guntersdorf ( Austria); Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Bałuk 2003): Nowy Sącz Basin: Niskowa ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1970).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E.-Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Descriptive terms used in descriptions and measurements to shell morphology, whorl profiles and anal sinus. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height.AL: aperture length.AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 3. Early teleoconch whorls of extant and fossil Clavatulidae species. A. Clavatula regia (Röding, 1798), NHMW 1683 6/28, West Africa. B. Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845), NHMW 10203, Gorée (Senegal). C. ‘Clavatula’ diadema (Kiener, 1839), NHMW 1884/0010/0023, Gorée (Senegal). D. ‘Clavatula’ mystica (Reeve, 1843), MNHN-IM-2013-59897, Est de l'ile de Gorée (Senegal). E. ‘Clavatula’ bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN-IM-2013-43369, Dakar (Senegal). F. ‘Clavatula’ pyramidata (Kiener, 1839), MNHN-IM-2009-24982, Baie de Pointe-Noire (Republique du Congo). G. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1874/0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. ‘Clavatula’ romana (Defrance, 1826), NHMW 1999/0098/0004, Modra-Kráľová (Slovakia). I. ‘Clavatula’ interrupta (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 1861/0033/0420, Buituri (Romania). J. ‘Clavatula’ hirmetzli Kovács & Vicián, 2021, NHMW 1868/0001/0069, Baden-Sooss (Austria). K. ‘Clavatula’ irisae nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0126/0001, holotype, Gainfarn (Austria). L. ‘Clavatula’ sophiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 2021/0127/0001, Enzesfeld (Austria). M. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0044b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). N. ‘Clavatula’ santhai Kovács & Vicián, 2021, holotype, HNHM, PAL 2021.20.1, Letkés (Hungary).O. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). P. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Q. Megaclavatula grunerti nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0127/0003, Enzesfeld (Austria). R. Megaclavatula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830), NHMW 1853/0038/0035a, Korytnica (Poland). S. Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0051a, Baden-Sooss (Austria). T. Megaclavatula polonica (Pusch, 1837), NHMW 1862/0001/0324, Bad Vöslau (Austria).U. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0099, Möllersdorf (Austria). V. Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841), NHMW 1846/0028/0009, Enzesfeld (Austria). W. Granulatocincta nataliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0035/0021, holotype, Belgrade/Rakovica (Serbia). X. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW1997z0178/1133, Bad Vöslau (Austria).Y. Granulatocincta callim nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0128/0001, Bad Sauerbrunn (Austria). Z. Granulatocincta contorta (Švagrovský, 1958), holotype, SNMB Z 3076, Kuzmice (Slovakia), Aa. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320b, Ritzing (Austria). Ab. Olegia doderleini (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW 1858/0015/0147, Wiesen (Austria). Ac. Olegia mandici nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1872/0031/0008a, Bekića vrelo, Čremušnica at Donji Kirin (Croatia). Ae. Olegia dorotheae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0040, Kleinebersdorf (Austria). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Granulatocincta contorta, Olegia doderleini and O. mandici.

FIGURE 5. Anal sinus morphology of Paratethyan Clavatulidae.

FIGURE 6. Apertures of Paratethyan Clavatulidae (C. = Clavatula, ‘C.’ = ‘Clavatula’, G. = Granulatocincta, M. = Megaclavaltula, O. = Olegia).

FIGURE 20 A1–A3. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049a, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B3. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), C1–C2. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 2021/0132/0001, Baden-Sooss (Austria). D1–D2. Megaclavatula antoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), Z.PAL.U.W., No BkKG928, Korytnica (Poland). E1–E2. Megaclavatula antoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1949/0005/0045, Guntersdorf (Austria). F1–F3. Megaclavatula antoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), holotype, NHMW 1849/0005/0048, Guntersdorf (Austria). G1–G3. Megaclavatula antoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1949/0005/0045, Guntersdorf (Austria).