Clavatula ’ justinae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard & Janssen, Ronald, 2022, The Clavatulidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations on fossil and extant Clavatulidae genera, Zootaxa 5123 (1), pp. 1-172 : 93-94

‘ Clavatula ’ justinae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891)

Figs 29E 1 –E 2 , F 1 –F 3 , G, 4A , 5 , 7

Clavatula Justinae —Hoernes 1891: 131 [nomen nudum].

* Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Justinae nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 360, pl. 48, figs 4–6.

Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Justinae R. Hörn. — Zalányi 1913: 545.

Clavatula (Clavatula) justinae R. Hoernes et Auinger — Švagrovský 1958: 14, pl. 4, fig. 2.

Clavatula (Perrona) justinae (R. Hoernes et M. Auinger, 1891) — Švagrovský 1982: 415, pl. 8, fig. 5.

Type material. Lectotype: NHMW 1949/0005/0110a, Buituri ( Romania), SL: 33.3 mm, MD: 13.1 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 48, fig. 5), designated by Švagrovský (1982: 415), figs 29G. Paralectotypes: NHMW 1949/0005/0110b, Buituri ( Romania), SL: 41.8 mm, MD: 15.4 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 48, fig. 4), figs 29E 1 –E 2; NHMW 1949/0005/0110c, Buituri ( Romania), SL: 36.3 mm, MD: 13.5 mm, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 48, fig. 6), figs 29F 1 –F 3, 4A.

Revised description. Shell moderately large, solid, moderately broad fusiform with conical spire and concave whorls. Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch of at least ten whorls. Earliest teleoconch whorls with finely beaded subsutural cord, concave mid-portion with opisthocline axial riblets that end in a large, swollen bead at the adapical suture. On third whorl axial riblets dissolve leaving finely beaded central cord. On fifth whorl subsutural cord becomes strongly swollen forming broad, elevated, rounded collar; mid-portion concave, suprasutural cord also swollen, slightly less than collar. Beading on subsutural collar and mid-whorl disappears, on sixth whorl tubercles on suprasutural cord disappear. Entire shell covered by numerous prominent spiral cords with convex tops, slightly wider over the adsutural cords. Last whorl ~65% of total height, moderately inflated mid-whorl. Subsutural collar sharply delimited, raised, rounded, subsutural ramp concave. Shoulder rounded, weakly delimited by a slightly strengthened spiral cord, convex below, strongly constricted at base. Siphonal fasciole poorly delimited, weakly swollen, slightly twisted. Sculpture of prominent, irregular spiral cords slightly stronger mid-whorl and towards fasciole. Aperture narrowly pyriform. Outer lip not thickened, with numerous lirae within, extending deep within aperture. Anal sinus wide, moderately deep, asymmetrically V-shaped, with apex just below subsutural collar. Siphonal canal moderately long and narrow, slightly twisted and deflected to left, with shallowly notched tip. Columella weakly excavated, slightly twisted at fasciole, smooth. Columellar and parietal callus thin, adherent, weakly delimited from base, forming broad rim.

Discussion. This species was placed in Perrona by Švagrovský (1982), but the beaded sculpture on early teleoconch whorls excludes a relation with that genus. ‘ Clavatula ’ justinae ( Hoernes &Auinger, 1891) is characterized by its swollen subsutural collar, markedly concave whorls and the prominent spiral cords covering the entire shell surface. The latter feature allows a clear distinction from the otherwise similar Perrona oliviae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) , which is also more slender. ‘ Clavatula ’ justinae is unique within the Paratethyan Clavatulidae . It is slightly reminiscent of the extant West African ‘ Clavatula ’ quinteni Nolf & Verstaeten, 2006 . The African species develops a similar shell shape and has spiral cords on the entire shell surface and develops a nearly identical sculpture on early teleoconch whorls (see Nolf & Verstraeten 2006, pl 4, figs 28–29). Like ‘ Clavatula ’ justinae , the African species has at least occasionally lirae inside the aperture ( Nolf & Verstraeten 2006, pl. 4, figs 22–23). Nevertheless, the collar of ‘ Clavatula ’ quinteni is much narrower, its suprasutural tubercles do not disappear and it has vague ribs below the shoulder on the last whorl.

Paleoenvironment. The occurrence at Borský Mikuláš suggests inner neritic environments ( Švagrovský 1981a).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Vienna Basin: Borský Mikuláš ( Slovakia), Mikulov (the Czech Republic) ( Švagrovský 1958, 1982); Făget Basin: Buituri ( Romania) ( Zalányi 1913).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E.-Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Descriptive terms used in descriptions and measurements to shell morphology, whorl profiles and anal sinus. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height.AL: aperture length.AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 3. Early teleoconch whorls of extant and fossil Clavatulidae species. A. Clavatula regia (Röding, 1798), NHMW 1683 6/28, West Africa. B. Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845), NHMW 10203, Gorée (Senegal). C. ‘Clavatula’ diadema (Kiener, 1839), NHMW 1884/0010/0023, Gorée (Senegal). D. ‘Clavatula’ mystica (Reeve, 1843), MNHN-IM-2013-59897, Est de l'ile de Gorée (Senegal). E. ‘Clavatula’ bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN-IM-2013-43369, Dakar (Senegal). F. ‘Clavatula’ pyramidata (Kiener, 1839), MNHN-IM-2009-24982, Baie de Pointe-Noire (Republique du Congo). G. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1874/0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. ‘Clavatula’ romana (Defrance, 1826), NHMW 1999/0098/0004, Modra-Kráľová (Slovakia). I. ‘Clavatula’ interrupta (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 1861/0033/0420, Buituri (Romania). J. ‘Clavatula’ hirmetzli Kovács & Vicián, 2021, NHMW 1868/0001/0069, Baden-Sooss (Austria). K. ‘Clavatula’ irisae nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0126/0001, holotype, Gainfarn (Austria). L. ‘Clavatula’ sophiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 2021/0127/0001, Enzesfeld (Austria). M. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0044b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). N. ‘Clavatula’ santhai Kovács & Vicián, 2021, holotype, HNHM, PAL 2021.20.1, Letkés (Hungary).O. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). P. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Q. Megaclavatula grunerti nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0127/0003, Enzesfeld (Austria). R. Megaclavatula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830), NHMW 1853/0038/0035a, Korytnica (Poland). S. Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0051a, Baden-Sooss (Austria). T. Megaclavatula polonica (Pusch, 1837), NHMW 1862/0001/0324, Bad Vöslau (Austria).U. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0099, Möllersdorf (Austria). V. Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841), NHMW 1846/0028/0009, Enzesfeld (Austria). W. Granulatocincta nataliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0035/0021, holotype, Belgrade/Rakovica (Serbia). X. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW1997z0178/1133, Bad Vöslau (Austria).Y. Granulatocincta callim nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0128/0001, Bad Sauerbrunn (Austria). Z. Granulatocincta contorta (Švagrovský, 1958), holotype, SNMB Z 3076, Kuzmice (Slovakia), Aa. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320b, Ritzing (Austria). Ab. Olegia doderleini (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW 1858/0015/0147, Wiesen (Austria). Ac. Olegia mandici nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1872/0031/0008a, Bekića vrelo, Čremušnica at Donji Kirin (Croatia). Ae. Olegia dorotheae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0040, Kleinebersdorf (Austria). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Granulatocincta contorta, Olegia doderleini and O. mandici.

FIGURE 4A. ‘Clavatula’ justinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW ex1949/0005/0110b, Buituri (Romania). B. ‘Clavatula’ mariae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1849/0013/0009, Mold (Austria). C. ‘Clavatula’ olgae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1862/0001/0552, Buituri (Romania). D. ‘Clavatula’ orientoromana Báldi, 1960, holotype, M.60.145, Szokolya (Hungary). E. ‘Clavatula’ juliae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0043c, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). F. ‘Clavatula’ apolloniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1868/0001/0474a, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). G. Neoperrona harzhauseri (Kovács & Vicián, 2021), NHMW 2019/0151/019a, Letkés (Hungary). H. Neoperrona zoltanorum nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 2019/0151/0108, Letkés (Hungary). I. Scaevatula sidoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0045, holotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). J. Pusionella palatina Strausz, 1954, NHMW 2021/0159/0003, Várpalota (Hungary). K. Pusionella hofmanni nov. sp., NHMW 1867/0019/0136, holotype, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania). L. Perrona barbarae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) NHMW 1949/0005/0103a, Rückersdorf (Austria). M. Perrona descendens (Hilber, 1879), NHMW 1846/0049/0017, St. Florian (Austria). N. Perrona emmae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), NHMW 2021/0127/0005, Enzesfeld (Austria), NHMW 1970/1396/1449, Baden (Austria). O. Perrona ernae (Šuklje, 1929), NHMW 2021/0156/0001, Weinsteig (Austria). P. Perrona floriana (Hilber, 1879), holotype, NHMW 1858/0020/0012, Guglitz at St. Florian (Austria). Q. Perrona ilonae nov. nom., M.61.4367, Szentkút, Mátraverebély (Hungary). R. Perrona lydiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0112, Gainfarn (Austria). S. Perrona oliviae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1873/0026/0027, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). T. Perrona rosaliae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1999z0098/0002, Vienna/Pötzleinsdorf (Austria). U. Perrona sabinae (Hoernes & Auinger 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 2021/0154/0001, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). V. Perrona styriaca (Hilber, 1879), lectotype, NHMW 1846/0037/0309, Pöls (Austria). W. Perrona ursulae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1846/0001/1294, Buituri (Romania). X. Perrona vindobonensis (Quenstedt, 1884), paralectotype, NHMW 1997z0178/1467, Gainfarn (Austria), Y. Perrona wanzenboecki nov. nom., NHMW 2021/0158/0001, neotype, St. Veit an der Triesting (Austria). Z. Tomellana dulaii nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0148/0002, holotype, Nemeşeşti (Romania). Aa. Tomellana aueri nov. sp., NHMW 2013/0078/0436, Baden (Austria). Ab. Striopusionella szekelyhidiae (Kovács & Vicián, 2021), holotype, PAL 2021.19.1, Letkés (Hungary). Ac. Scaevatula sidoniae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891). NHMW 1855/0043/0045, holotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Perrona barbarae and protoconch of Scaevatula sidoniae.

FIGURE 5. Anal sinus morphology of Paratethyan Clavatulidae.

FIGURE 7. Apertures of Paratethyan Clavatulidae (O. = Olegia, ‘C.’ = ‘Clavatula’, N. = Neoperrona, P. = Perrona, Pu. = Pusionella, Sc. = Scaevatula, S. = Striopusionella, T. = Tomellana).

FIGURE 29 A. ‘Clavatula’ inedita Bellardi, 1877, Letkés (Hungary), private collection of Zoltán Kovács and Zoltán Vicián. B. ‘Clavatula’ rusticula (Mayer-Eymar, 1886), lectotype, S 1615, Grund (Austria). C. ‘Clavatula’ orientoromana Báldi, 1960, holotype, M.60.145, Szokolya (Hungary). D1–D2. ‘Clavatula’ orientoromana Báldi, 1960, paratype, M60.146, Szokolya (Hungary). E1–E2. ‘Clavatula’ justinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotypes, NHMW 1849/0005/0110b, Buituri (Romania).F1–F3. ‘Clavatula’ justinae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0110a, Buituri (Romania). G. ‘Clavatula’ justinae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1849/0005/0110c, Buituri (Romania).