Heyuanninae, Chan-Gyu, 2019

Yun, Chan-Gyu, 2019, Heyuanninae clade nov., a replacement name for the oviraptorid subfamily “ Ingeniinae ” Barsbold, 1981, Zootaxa 4671 (2), pp. 295-296 : 295

Barsbold (1981) erected Ingenia yanshini Barsbold, 1981 for a nearly complete oviraptorid skeleton from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) Barun Goyot Formation in Ömnögov, southern Mongolia. Moreover, he erected a subfamily-level clade Ingeniinae Barsbold, 1981 to distinguish Ingenia yanshini from other oviraptorids such as Oviraptor philoceratops Osborn, 1924 ( Barsbold, 1981) . When Barsbold first erected the subfamily, he considered this subfamily as monotypic ( Barsbold, 1981) but now this subfamily comprisesmultiple taxa such as Machairasaurus leptonychus Longrich, Currie, and Dong, 2010 and Heyuannia huangi Lü, 2002 .

However, the genus name Ingenia is a junior homonym of the tripyloidid nematode genus Ingenia Gerlach, 1957 and according to the Article 23.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature ( ICZN, 1999), Gerlach’s 1957 name has priority. Therefore, the usage of the subfamily name Ingeniinae is problematic as it is based on a junior homonym.

Paul (1988) suggested a new combination Oviraptor yanshini for “ Ingenia ” yanshini but this classification has not been supported by any subsequent authors ( Easter, 2013). Easter (2013) proposed a new genus name Ajancingenia Easter, 2013 for “ Ingenia ” yanshini , but subsequent phylogenetic analyses have found “ Ingenia ” yanshini and Heyuannia huangi as sister taxa (e.g., Lamanna et al., 2014; Funston and Currie, 2016; Lü et al., 2016; Funston et al., 2018). Therefore, most recent studies have considered Ajancingenia as junior synonym of Heyuannia and used new combination Heyuannia yanshini for “ Ingenia ” yanshini (e.g., Funston et al., 2018; Herne et al., 2018). Thus, Heyuannia is the proper synonym available as a replacement name of the junior homonym. Therefore, the author proposes a new replacement subfamily name Heyuanninae clade. nov. ( from Heyuannia and –inae) for “Ingeniinae”.

Osmolska et al. (2004) defined “Ingeniinae” as Conchoraptor gracilis , Ingenia yanshini , their most recent common ancestor, and all descendants. Here the author revises this definition for Heyuanninae, using Heyuannia huangi as the specifier. Heyuanninae is a node-based subfamily-level clade that can be defined as the least inclusive clade containing Heyuannia huangi and Conchoraptor gracilis .