Hemisturmia brasiliensis Guimarães, 1983

Nihei, Silvio Shigueo, Lopes, André César, Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez & Gudin, Filipe Macedo, 2017, Check-list of the Tachinidae (Diptera) of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, Iheringia, Série Zoologia (e 2017141) 107, pp. 1-6 : 4-5

Hemisturmia brasiliensis Guimarães, 1983

Type-locality: Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas. Distribution in Mato Grosso do Sul: Três Lagoas [Mata Atlântica macroregion] ( GUIMARÃES, 1983) .

Winthemia angusta Coelho, Carvalho & Guimarães, 1989

Type-locality: Brazil, Paraná, Foz do Iguaçu. Distribution in Mato Grosso do Sul: Três Lagoas [Mata Atlântica macroregion] ( COELHO et al.,1989) .

Main research groups on Tachinidae in Brazil. The information below was mainly based on the Directory of South American Dipterists (http://zoo.bio.ufpr.br/diptera/ south/index.html).

Dr. Silvio Shigueo Nihei coordinates the Laboratory of Systematics and Biogeography of Diptera , Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. Main interests in Diptera : Tachinidae , Rhinophoridae , Calliphoridae , Oestridae , Muscidae , and Anthomyiidae .

Dr. Ronaldo Toma is currently professor at the University of Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela, but he had successfully applied for a position at the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande, and will soon assume that new position and come back to Brazil. Main interests in Diptera : Tachinidae and Calliphoridae .

Dr. Enio Nunez at the University Severino Sombra, Vassouras, Brazil. Main interest in Diptera : Tachinidae .

Dr. Claudio José Barros de Carvalho at the Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba. Main interests in Diptera : Muscidae , Fanniidae , Anthomyiidae , Calliphoridae , and Tachinidae .

Main Tachinidae holdings in Brazil. The largest Tachinidae collection in Brazil is at the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo (MZSP), with 32,554 pinned adult specimens ( CARVALHO et al., 2002). It has 847 type-specimens, representing 263 nominal species of Tachinidae ( TOMA & NIHEI, 2006) . Other important Tachinidae collections are housed at the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ) with 9,397 specimens; Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Pará (MPEG) with 4,990 specimens; Coleção de Entomologia Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure, Curitiba, Paraná (DZUP) with 4,871 specimens; and Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Amazônicas, Manaus, Amazonas (INPA), with 3,849 specimens ( CARVALHO et al., 2002).

Main knowledge gaps in the study of Brazilian Tachinidae . If anyone asks for one real example of taxonomic impediment we would say quickly and without thinking: “the Neotropical Tachinidae ”. There are many reasons supporting our statement. We do not have a number of experts publishing on Brazilian (and Neotropical) Tachinidae , we do not have identification KeYs to tribes or genera, we do not have up-to-date catalogues, and we do not have a sufficient number of research groups worKing on Brazilian (and Neotropical) Tachinidae . According to the Neotropical catalogue ( GUIMARÃES, 1971), there are 2,864 species in 944 genera in the region. Most of these genera are monotypic, and the vast majority of them was described by Charles H. T. Townsend. During a 61-year period (1884 to 1944) of intense and prolific activitY, he was able to describe 1,491 genera and 1,555 species in Diptera ( ARNAUD, 1958) , most of them in the family Tachinidae , Townsend’s favorite group, and most of them in the Neotropical region, his home in the last decades of his life. This all means that revising tribes or genera is the same as revising all the species of those groupings.

On the other hand, José Henrique Guimarães, between the 1960s and 1980, instead of describing more and more species and genera, spent his time mainly on revisionary works of Tachinidae grouping (tribes and large genera). He was not able to produce a generic key to the Neotropical Tachinidae , but his studies reflected a great contribution for the understanding of a number of tribes (e.g., Tachinini , Sophiini , Winthemiini , Cylindromyiini ) and genera (e.g., Archytas , Adejeania, Peleteria , Lespesia , Billaea ).

EventuallY, some efforts have come from non- Brazilian authors: Charles H. Curran, John M. Aldrich, Reinhard, Curtis W. Sabrosky, and more recently, James O’HARA and D. Monty Wood. However, as they were or have been occupied with his own regional tachinid fauna, these foreign efforts added to the homemade ones, have not been enough to describe the Brazilian (and Neotropical) Tachinidae and to order its generic and suprageneric classification. The major concern here is that we should urgently train a number of young experts in Tachinidae in Brazil. It is NOT a matter of time to have a good and useful identification KeY and to have an up-to-date catalogue to Neotropical Tachinidae , it is indeed a matter of the number of local experts studying and publishing on Tachinidae .

Systematics of Tachinidae : a ten-year perspective. In the past 10 years, the number of postgraduate students in Brazil working on systematics of Tachinidae in their Master or PhD was onlY one, Enio Nunez finished his PhD in 2005 supervised by Marcia Couri, a muscoid expert at the Museu Nacional (Rio de Janeiro), and co-supervised by José Henrique Guimarães. Some years before, in 1999, Ronaldo Toma completed his PhD directly supervised by Guimarães and co-supervised by Claudio Carvalho at Universidade Federal do Paraná (Curitiba), and then he conducted his postdoc research with Guimarães in 1999 in São Paulo. Enio and Ronaldo were the last two researchers (among a total of three) who worked under the supervision of Guimarães on systematics of Tachinidae .

For the next 10 years, the perspectives are much better. In São Paulo, Silvio Nihei has been conducting active research on systematics of Tachinidae and is now supervising two PhDs and three Masters on the family. The planning is that in the next decade we have at least five or six Young systematists working on the Neotropical Tachinidae . In fact, this is not much (with regard to the high diversity of Tachinidae in the region) but it is a better scenario than we have now. In Rio de Janeiro and Curitiba, Marcia Couri and Claudio Carvalho, respectively, have traditionally trained and formed young systematists in a number of families, mainly on Muscoidea, but also on Oestroidea, including Tachinidae . With the addition of these new Young sYstematists, the efforts to elaborate reasonable and useful identification KeYs to the Neotropical genera and species will be multiplied, some of the more complicate tribes and genera could be finallY studied and understood, and, therefore, the study of Neotropical groupings could finallY, and actuallY, contribute to a better resolution in the classification of the world Tachinidae .