Poecilimon salmani Sevgili, 2018

Sevgili, Hasan, Şirin, Deniz, Heller, Klaus-Gerhard & Lemonnier-Darcemont, Michèle, 2018, Review of the Poecilimon (Poecilimon) zonatus species group and description of new species from Turkey with data on bioacoustics and morphology (Orthoptera: Phaneropterinae), Zootaxa 4417 (1), pp. 1-62 : 37-46

Poecilimon salmani Sevgili , sp. n.

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:502742

Holotype: Male (in alcohol, deposited in HUZOM). Turkey, Muğla: Ortaca, Dalyan , N 36°46'.77'', E 28°38'.22'', 350 m 13.05.2016 male. Measurement (mm): Body length: 23.35, Pronotum: 4.88, Tegmina: 1.90, Hind femur: 18.10.

Etymology: Named for turkish orthopterist Selahattin Salman, who has done outstanding works on the Orthoptera fauna of Turkey. He died in 2017.

Previous examined materials: See above under varicornis

Examined material: Turkey, Muğla: Dalyan, İztuzu , N 36°46'.490'', E 28°39'.575'', 239 m, 27.05.2002, 10♂♂, 7♀♀ (H. Sevgili & Y. Durmuş) ( HUZOM) ; Ortaca, Dalyan , N 36°46'.77'', E 28°38'.22'', 350 m 13.05.2016, 13♂♂, 5♀♀ (leg. H. Sevgili, in alcohol, ODUZOOL).

Diagnosis: Males of P. salmani can be easily distinguished on the basis of the cercal apex with blunt-ended. In adititonally, subgenital plate with the narrower distal part, general shape of stridulatory organs and unique tooth structure are clearly different in males. The females of this new species are distinguished by differences in the details of gonangulum-lamella and subgenital plate.

Male: Fastigium as wide as half of the scapus with shallow longitudinal groove and convex apex, not narrower than half of the scapus; slightly convergent to frontward, sometimes with parallel sides ( Fig. 29L ). Pronotal disc with straight frontal margin and concave caudal margin; prozona slightly convergent to backward and slightly divergent posteriorwards on the metazona, but metazona not distincly wider than prozona ( Fig. 22A–B ). In profile, pronotum straight in prozona and mesozona, slightly raising to metazona; ventral margin of paranota short, caudal margin long and oblique ( Fig. 49A–B ). Tegmina with rounded and whitish margins, shorter than pronotum, not extending to first abdominal tergum ( Figs. 22A–B , 49A–B ). Cu2 of left teğmen slightly projecting from right margin of tegmen, and visible behind the pronotum. Epiproct 1.5 times as wide as long, ending behind the half of the cercus ( Fig. 24F, H ). Cerci ( Fig. 24F–H ) short and strong, gradually narrowing distalwards, distal 2/3 obtusely incurved and rounded apically, not tapered; dorsally apex with 3 or 5 spines, from the bottom 3 larger spines on a row and preapically one small spine located at apex. Subgenital plate wide at proximally, but acutely tapering at distal 4/5 with convergent margins, with straight or faint incision on hind margin ( Fig. 10 H–I ).

Stridulatory file: The file may be distinguished from other species of the group in that they possess interesting teeth structure which separated from each other by the fact that they have an interlocking carina-like morphology with an appearance that ties them together ( Figs. 15D–E ; 18H, K–L).

Bioacoustics: The songs of nine bush-crickets from the same locality were recorded in the evening. The quite male calling song, produced mainly in the evening and at night, consists of irregular sequences of “click”-like syllable groups ( Fig. 30 ). The syllables were repeated at about 1.23 s, lasted about 15–19 ms and composed of 11–19 impulses ( Table 4). The amplitude of the impulses increased at the beginning and decreased towards the end ( Fig. 38 ). Some syllables consist of isolated “click” ( Fig. 30 ). For some details see Table 4 and Fig. 38 .

Female: Fastigium slightly wider than male with distinct groove ( Fig. 29M ). Pronotum as in male, but dorsal margin almost straight in profile ( Fig. 22 E–F ). Paranota as in male. Subgenital plate triangular, but obtusely rounded at the edges, weakly projected on caudal margin ( Fig. 12 A–B ). Ovipositor, gonangulum-lamella as in Fig. 12 A–B , 28H .

Coloration: See Fig. 49 .

Remarks: P. salmani is closely related to P. z. zonatus , P. z. datca , P. variicercis , P. varicornis and P. vodnensis concerning their body size, fastigium verticis in both sexes, general shape of male cerci and male subgenital plate, subgenital plate and ovipositor in female. In males, cerci are asymetrical in terms of the denticles at the cercal apex.

Tegmina remain under the pronotum, invisible in some specimens, but in some cases the tegmina extends slightly backwards from the caudal margin of pronotum, fully overlapping dorsally.

Male calling shows some similarities to P. z. zonatus , P. vodnensis and P. z. datca by having a sequence of irregular syllables or syllable groups. In terms of amplitude modulation and carrier frequency of the song, it is closely related to P. z. zonatus , but it can be distinguished from P. z. zonatus in kept it contains more impulses, a shorter syllable period and the average number of repeated syllables per minute in male calling song. It differs from P. variicercis by having irregular syllable groups and an almost uniform syllable pattern. The song of the new species can be easily distinguished by its different syllable pattern and a less number of impulses per syllable.

This species has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List (2017–3). The distribution of the P. salmani is restricted and its habitats are strongly under the threat of the antropogenic effects, such as stubble fire, over use of pesticides in agriculture and over grazing. This species should be considered with an Endangered (B2ab(i, iii)) status on the basis of the extent of occurrence criteries of IUCN.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Subgenital plate of the males. A, P.tauricola; B–C, P. azizsancar sp. n.; E–G, P. variicercis; H–I, P. salmani sp. n.; J–N, P.z. zonatus; O, P.z. datca ssp. n.

FIGURE 12. Subgenital plate, gonangulum and lamella from below. A–B, P. salmani sp. n. (Dalyan); C, P. variicercis (Olur, İnceçay), D, P. zonatus datca ssp. n. (Datça), E–G, P. zonatus zonatus, H, P. tauricola (Bolkar Mts.), I, P. azizsancar sp. n. (Uzundere, Dikyar).

FIGURE 15. Stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen of males.A–B, P.azizsancar sp. n.; C, P.tauricola; D–E, P.salmani sp. n.; F, P.zonatus datca; G, P.vodnensis.

FIGURE 22. Dorsal view of pronotum. A–B, P. salmani sp. n. (male); C, P. zonatus datca ssp. n. (male); D, P. variicercis (male); E–F, P. salmani sp. n. (female); G, P. zonatus datca (male); I, P. variicercis (female); J–K, P. varicornis (male and female, not in scale).

FIGURE 24. Dorsal view of male cerci. A–E. P. varicercis (D–E, İnceçay); F–H, P. salmani sp. n.

FIGURE 28. Ovipositor shapes of PZG. A–D, P. z. zonatus (A, Erzincan; B, Malatya; C, Ermenek; D, Konya); E–F, P. variicercis; G, P.z. datcassp.n.; H, P.salmani, sp. n..

FIGURE 29. Dorsal view of fastigium vertices. A–B, P. tauricola (male, female); C–E, P. azizsancar sp. n. (C, E female, D, male); F–J, P. z. zonatus (F, K, female; G–J, male); L–M, P. salmani sp. n. (L, male; M, female); N, P. zonatus datca ssp. n. (female); O–P, P. variicercis(male, female).

FIGURE 30. Structure of male calling songs of P. salmani sp. n., P.zonatus datca ssp. n. and P.variicercis.

FIGURE 49. Male and female habitus of Poecilimon salmani sp. n. from Dalyan (Muğla). A–B, males; C–D, females.

FIGURE38. The oscillograms and spectral view of the male calling songs of P. salmani sp. n.