Procas picipes picipes (Marsham)

Thompson, Richard T., 2006, A revision of the weevil genus Procas Stephens (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Erirhinidae), Zootaxa 1234 (1), pp. 1-63 : 17-21

Procas picipes picipes (Marsham)

Curculio picipes Marsham, 1802: 272 ; Burrell 1810: 173.

Rhynchaenus subnebulosus Samouelle, 1819: 390 ; Stephens 1829b: 167 (nomen nudum).

Hypera picipes (Marsham) : Curtis 1826, No. 116, 1829: 49, 1837: 63.

N[ew] G[enus] picipes (Marsham) : Stephens 1829a: 14.

Genus 297 picipes (Marsham) : Stephens 1829b: 167.

Procas picipes (Marsham) : Stephens 1831: 90, 1833: 55, 1839: 236; Spry & Shuckard 1840: 61, pl. 70, fig. 5; Jekel 1849: 113; Gaubil 1849: 159; Jacquelin du Val 1854: [14]; Dohrn 1855: 73, 1856: 69; Walton 1856: 18; Marseul 1857: 142; Calwer 1858: 513; Waterhouse 1858: 71, 1861: 27; Schaum 1859: 85, 1862: 89; Crotch 1863: 21; Lacordaire 1863: 468 (note); Morris, O.F. 1866: 24; Rye 1866: 262; Marseul 1867: 104; Stein 1868: 102; Gemminger & Harold 1871: 2433; Tournier 1874: 70; Des Gozis 1875: 72; Stein & Weise 1877: 143; Pascoe 1882: 39; Sharp 1883: 30; Stierlin 1893: 470, pl. 29, fig. 19; Edwards 1893: 487; Thompson 2003: 196; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 2005.

Erirhinus moestus Bach, 1854: 296, 1866 : xlvii.

Procas moestus (Bach) : Rottenberg 1868: 411.

Procas minutus Desbrochers, 1893: 9, 1894: 84 ; Heyden, Reitter & Weise, 1906: 657; Wagner 1916: 1100; Hustache 1930: 141, 142; Winkler 1932: 1540; Klima 1934: 31.

Procas armillatus minutus Desbrochers : Hoffmann 1958: 1421.

[Misidentifications:]

Procas armillatus (Fabricius) : Heyden, Reitter & Weise 1883: 160, 1891: 304, 1906: 657; Bedel 1884: 113, 1887: 281; Everts 1887: 172 (note), 1903: 626, 1919: 120, 1922: 567; Schilsky 1888: 110, 1909: 171; Seidlitz 1891: 162; Fowler 1891: 266, pl. 166, fig. 6, 1905: 161; Sharp & Fowler 1893: 36; Fauconnet 1894: 378; Desbrochers 1894: 84; Acloque 1896: 371, pl. 111, fig. Pa; Walker 1896: 112, 1899: 626; Warnier 1901: 138; Edwards 1901: 134; Morley 1904: 719; Beare & Donisthorpe 1904: 40; Fowler 1905: 161, 1908: 173; Bedwell 1908: 274; Carpentier & Delaby 1908: 417; Roettgen 1911: 293; Kuhnt 1912: 968; Fowler & Donisthorpe 1913: 309; Carr 1916: 382; Reitter 1916: 204; Wagner 1916: 1099, pl. 39, fig. 19; Feige 1918: 209; Houlbert 1922: [54], pl. 7, fig. 83; Bedel & Sainte­Claire Deville 1924: 46; Scheerpeltz & Winkler 1930: 251; Hustache 1930: 141; Cox 1930: 231; Beare 1930: 45; Joy 1932: 230, pl. 65, fig. 13; Klima 1934: 30; Rapp 1934: 550; Portevin 1935: 217, fig. 241; Borchert 1938: 110; Kloet & Hincks 1945: 212, 1977: 85; Duprez 1947: 244; Caillol 1954: 202; Hoffmann 1958: 1420; Linssen 1959: 215, pl. 67, fig. 1; Massee 1964: 49; Brakman 1966: 197; Sebö 1971: 46, fig. 17; Allen 1971: 52; Angelov 1980: 267; Lohse 1983: 68, fig. 91:1; Dieckmann 1986: 148; Shirt 1987: 24; Read 1989: 7; Kenward 1990: 21; Mroczkowski & Stephaṅska 1991: 112, 195; Abbazzi & Osella 1992: 373; Hyman & Parsons 1992: 292; Fowles 1992: 20; Morris, M.G. 1992: 136; Duff 1993: 224; Burakovski et al. 1995: 47, 254; Salmon 1998: 109; Morris, M.G. 2002: 26, 36, 146, 2003: 200; Colonnelli 2003: 94.

Procas steveni (Gyllenhal) : Jaquelin du Val 1854: 29, [14], pl. 13, fig. 58; Dohrn 1856: 69; Marseul 1857: 142; Redtenbacher 1858: 731, 1874: 270; Schaum 1859: 85 [= moestus Bach ], 1862: 89; Bose 1859: 493; Grenier 1863: 54; Lacordaire 1863: 468 (note); Crotch 1871: 10; Stein 1868: 102; Kraatz 1869: 52; Sharp 1871: 28; Kellner 1874: 123; Cox 1874: 200; Martorell y Peña 1879: 50; Matthews & Fowler 1883: 39.

Erirhinus steveni (Gyllenhal) : Lentz 1866: 95.

Description

Length 3.5–6.9 mm, mean (40) = 5.65. Head with rostrum (male) × 4.4–5.0 as long as broad, mean (8) = 4.75; rostrum (female) × 4.3–5.0 as long as broad, mean (8) = 4.62.

Antennae with lengths of funicle segments 1–3 in ratio 10: (7.5–10.0): (5.5–6.7), mean (20) = 10: 8.7: 6.2; segment 2 × 1.3–1.6 as long as 3, mean (20) = 1.4

Pronotum ( Fig. 11 ) sometimes with smooth median line extending over most of its length.

Legs with middle and hind tibiae with long dense pale setae in apical third to half and a circlet of short white setae at base, intervening zone appearing black.

Terminalia. Male sternite 8, figs 74–78; female sternite 8, figs 27–31; spermatheca, figs 51–55.

Type material

There are four specimens of P. picipes in Stephens’s collection but none bears the numbered disc which Stephens often placed on his Marsham specimens ( Hammond 1972). Stephens (1831) gives several localities for the species and (1829b) indicates that he had taken it himself. He does not say whether he obtained any Marshamian specimens. It is not, therefore, possible to say which, if any, of the four specimens is Marsham’s. Worse still, a disc with the appropriate number (104) is attached to a specimen of Hypera fuscocinerea (Marsham) , standing in Stephens’s series of H. pedestris (Paykull) . Nevertheless, his description of 1831 is clearly of Procas , not Hypera and his specimens of P. picipes are correctly named. Accordingly, in order to ensure stability of nomenclature and having met the conditions of Article 75.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, I now make the following designation:

NEOTYPE of Curculio picipes Marsham , female, with BMNH ‘neotype’ disc, ‘Britain / Stephens Coll.’ (printed), ‘ NEOTYPE Curculio picipes Marsham det. R.T. Thompson 2003 ’ and ‘ Procas picipes (Marsham) det. R.T. Thompson 2003.’ The specimen measures 6.7 mm in length; it lacks part of the right hind leg and four of the remaining five claw segments; the metasternum is split. It is the only one of the four Stephensian specimens which is large enough to fit Marsham’s description.

The type material of Erirhinus moestus Bach has not been found. Although previous editions of Horn and Kahle state that his collection is in Marburg, a recent supplement ( Gaedike 1995) states: “ Coleoptera in Marburg nicht registriert und nicht auffindbar.” Bach attributes the name to Chevrolat on the authority of Erichson.

LECTOTYPE of Procas minutus Desbrochers , here designated, male, with ‘Barcelona? / D. Türkeim’ (MS); ‘minutus’ and ‘type’ (MS, both in same hand); ‘Ex Museo / Desbrochers / 1914’ (printed, in rectangle); ‘Muséum Paris / Coll. Desbrochers’ (printed) and ‘ LECTOTYPE Procas minutus Desbrochers det. R.T. Thompson 2002’ in MNHN. The specimen measures 3.7 mm in length and is in good condition. A careful study of the description shows that Desbrochers is comparing minutus with armillatus , not picipes , of which his specimen is merely a dwarf (I have seen an even smaller British example).

No original specimens of Rhynchaenus subnebulosus Samouelle have been found. Stephens attributes the name to Simon Wilkin whose collection of British Coleoptera is in BMNH. Unfortunately, most of the Curculionoidea are missing. The name (‘somewhat foggy’) is suggestive of the variegated elytra of Procas .

Other material examined

SPAIN: 1 ex. with ‘ Barcelona / Januar unter Stein / Highf. [Himminghoffen]’ ( MS)( DEI) ; 1 ex. with ‘ Barcelona [?] / Highf. ’ ( MS) and ‘ Portugal [!], coll. Gérard­Salme’ (printed)( IRSN) ; 1 ex. with ‘117.’ (printed), ‘2342’ ( MS) , ‘ Bowring. / [18]63.47*’ (printed), ‘ carbonarius Dej. / Hispania’ ( MS) , ‘ carbonarius / Hisp. ( Erirhin. )(Dej.)’ (H. Jekel MS)( BMNH) . ITALY: 5 ex. Foggia, Lucera , 17.xii.1960, 8, 12, 13(2). ii.1961 ( BGO) ; 2 ex. Lucera , 10.ii.1961 ( LM, DM) ; 1 ex. Lucera , Puglia, 16.xii.1961 ; 1 ex. Abruzzo, Gran Sasso, Ofena, Colonia Frasca Estate , 550 m, 15.iii.1998 (B.G. Osella), in an olive grove on a sunny day ; 1 ex. Abruzzo, Pescara, Poppoli, Valle Peligna , 300 m, 19.vii.1980 (Mammoli­Osella), in pit­fall traps in a swampy area ; 1 ex. Mastromarco , 26.ii.1991, ‘frumento trap’ (all BGO) . FRANCE: 1 ex. with ‘ Bass. Pyr. Gallia’ ( NMB) ; 1 ex. with ‘ Procas Stevenii Sp. nov. [!] Montpellier’; 1 ex. with ‘ D. Javeti: Duval Montpellier’ (both OUM) ; 4 ex. Montpellier (V. Mayet)( JU) ; 1 ex. with ‘ Midi / D. Javet’ (Chevrolat MS)( SMNH) ; 1 ex. Herault , Béziers (H. Lavagne)( IRSN) ; 1 ex. Béziers (v. Mayet)( BGO) ; 1 ex. Béziers (Lethierrey)( BMNH) ; 16 ex. Aix­en­Provence ( Tisson )(9 DEI, 4 AMNH, 2 BGO, 1 ZMA) ; 5 ex. ditto, except 22.xii.1903, ‘détritus, siphon’ ( DEI) ; 1 ex. ditto, but date illegible ( NMB) ; 4 ex. ditto, except 27.xii.1903 (O. Leonhard)( DEI) ; 7 ex. Aix­en­ Provence (no further data)(3 IRSN, 2 NMB, 1 ZMA, 1 MRSN) ; 2 ex. ditto, (Fagniez)( JU) ; 1 ex. ditto, (Staudinger)( ZMA) ; 1 ex. Marseille (J. l’Hermolte)( DEI) ; 3 ex. Marseille (no further data)(2 BMNH, 1 NMB) ; 1 ex. Midi (D. Javet)(Chevrolat MS)( SMNH) ; 2 ex. Daube (locality not found)( BGO, DEI) ; 1 ex. Auchel , iv.1916 ( ZMA) ; 9 ex. with ‘ Gallia / Reitter’ (7 BGO, 2 BMNH) ; 1 ex. with ‘ Gall. mer.’ (Kiesenwetter)( ZSM) ; 1 ex. with ‘Gall. occ.’ (Hampe); 2 ex. Gallia (Tisson)(all DEI) ; 1 ex. Gallia (Kelecsényi)( NMB) . UK, ENGLAND: 1 ex. with ‘ Brighton’ under card ; 1 ex. with ‘ Brighton 1930’ under card, both N.H. Joy Coll. ( BENHS) ; 2 ex. on card with ‘ Brighton 5.10 sweeping downs S.G. R[endel]’ written beneath and ‘ Brighton / 14196’ on disc ( UZMC) ; 8 ex. Brighton (no further data)( MM) ; 4 ex. Brighton ([L.G.] Cox)( NMW) ; 60 ex. Brighton , 4.iii.1930 (mostly L.G. Cox)(37 OUM, 16 BMNH, 5 UZMC, 4 NM, 2 NMW, 1 JC, 1 NMS) ; 11 ex. Brighton , 2.v.1930 ( UZMC) , 22 ex. Brighton , 2.v.1930 (L.G. Cox)(20 BENHS, 1 NMW, 1 SMNS) ; 18 ex. Brighton , 4.v.1930 (Cox, Nicholson, Bedwell)(17 MM, 1 BENHS) ; 2 ex. Brighton , 8.v.1930 (L.G. Cox)( BMNH, BENHS) ; 4 ex. 11.v.1930 (L.G. Cox)( BENHS) ; 1 ex. Brighton , 11.v.1930 (A.M. Massee)( BENHS) ; 5 ex. Brighton , v.1930 ( NMW) ; 2 ex. Brighton , 21.iii.1931 ( MM) ; 6 ex. Brighton , 28.iii.1931 ([H.J.] Cribb)( BMB) ; 1 ex. Brighton , 2.iii1936 [?] (L.G.Cox)( BENHS) ;. 13 ex. East Brighton , 10.v.1930 (H. StJ.K. Donisthorpe)(12 BMNH, 1 MM) ; 1 ex. with ‘R.B / 591’ (on disc)[Lewes, North Banks , 10.v.1884 (C.H. Morris)] ; 1 ex. with ‘121 / 93’ (on disc)[ Bunkers Hill , 6.iii.1893 (C. H. Morris)](both BMB) ; 1 ex. Chatham, Darland Hill , 11.iii.1896 (J.J. Walker)( BMNH) ; 2 ex. Essex, Great Chesterford, TL /54, 10.v.1945 (G.H.L. Dicker, ‘under dried grass in a chalk pit’) ( NFH) ; 1 ex. Bristol Channel, Lundy , 21–29.vi.1997, ‘at roots of low plants near Quarter Wall’ (M. Salmon)( MS) ; 1 ex. with ‘ Sherwood Forest ./ 7–13.vi.1908 ’ ( CM) ; 1 ex. with ‘ Procas picipes Marsh. ’ (J. Walton MS) ; 1 ex. with ‘ Procas picipes Marsh. Angl : Walton’ (Schönherr MS)(both SMNH) ; 28 ex. without localities (9 BMNH, 7 MM, 4 UZM, 3 ENSA, 3 BENHS, 1 NMW, 1 HMAG) ; 7 ex. H. Britten Coll. ( MM) . BE LGIUM: 1 ex. Tongeren, Ridderborn [Castle], c. 1865 (Maurissen)( ZMA) . GERMANY: 1 ex. Magdeburg, Naturschutzgebiet “Kreutzhorst,” 16.v.1976 (H. Breitbarth)( DEI) ; 1 ex. Wöllnau, Dübener Heide , 15.iv.1934 (Linke)( SMT) . No localities : 1 ex. with ‘de Rivaz 1869’; 2 ex. with small white disc, Lethierrey Coll. (all BMNH) . Total : 289 specimens.

Additional (published) localities

FRANCE: Rouen, Evreux ( Duprez 1947: 244); Marais de Renancourt­lez­Amiens; Mers ( Carpentier & Delaby 1908: 417); Seine, Vitry; Calvados, monts d’Eraines près Falais; Fontenay­le­Marmioh (Bedel & Sainte­Claire Deville 1924: 46); Gard, La Musette, Nimes; Savoy, Conflans; Aude, La Ricardelle près Narbonne ( Hustache 1930: 142); Pas de Calais, Boulogne­sur­Mer; Paris ( Borchert 1938: 110); Bouches­du­Rhone, Marignane, canal du Verdon; Allauch; La Penne­sur­Huveane; Var, Isles d’Hyères; Vaucluse, Bords de l’étang de la Bonde; Avignon, crues du Rhône ( Caillol 1954: 202). UK, ENGLAND: Norfolk, ‘semel cepi’ (I took it only once)(Burrell 1810: 173; Somerset; London, Battersea Fields ( Stephens 1831: 91); Kent, Dartford ( Fowler & Donisthorpe 1913: 309); ‘ Bristol, Glos.’ ( Massee 1964: 49); Mardon Moor (also known as Mardon Common), Devon (L.H. Woollatt)( Allen 1971: 52). NETHERLANDS: Limburg, Valkenburg ( Everts 1919: 120).

NORWAY: Tromsö ( Borchert 1938: 110). GERMANY: Ahrweiler ( Bose 1859: 493); Dossow, a single badly rubbed specimen ( Lentz 1866: 95); Mansfeld ( Kellner 1874: 123); Krefeld ( Everts 1903: 626); Cleef (? = Kleve)( Everts 1922: 567); Eisleben, Goldgrund, under stone ( Feige 1918: 209); Holzmarken; Göttingen ( Rapp 1934: 550); Maastricht, Kleve ( Borchert 1938: 110); Woferode ( Borchert 1951: 209. POLAND: Babia Góra (von Hagens), one small specimen found on a wall ( Rottenberg 1868: 411).

Additional (unpublished) record

UK, ENGLAND: Hertfordshire, St Albans, Aldenham , ix.1817 (Kirby MS). Two specimens in W. Kirby’s collection ( BMNH) may be those upon which this record is based; one has been labelled ‘? Type’ by K.G. Blair but, since Marsham does not refer to Kirby in his description, Blair’s suggestion is unlikely to be true .

Notes

The British records are listed in detail by Kenward (1990). ‘Brighton’ and ‘East Brighton’ refer to the same locality. The Sherwood Forest specimen, listed above, is from E.C. Bedwell’s collection and is almost certainly the one recorded by him from Edwinstowe ( Bedwell 1908: 274). This is at present the most northerly record for the species; I believe the record for Tromsö, listed above, is an error– it is too far north (70°). Babia Góra is a mountain on the Polish­Slovakian border.

Figures

FIGURES 9–14. 9, 10. Apex of rostrum, dorsal, of (9) Procas armillatus, (10) P. p. picipes; 11–14. Prothorax of (11) P. p. picipes (setae removed), (12) ditto, part enlarged and in oblique view to show detail), (13) P. granulicollis (setae removed), (14) ditto, part enlarged and in oblique view to show detail.