Necrophila (Calosilpha) Portevin, 1920

Růžička, Jan, Qubaiová, Jarin, Nishikawa, Masaaki & Schneider, Jan, 2015, Revision of Palearctic and Oriental Necrophila Kirby et Spence, part 3: subgenus Calosilpha Portevin (Coleoptera: Silphidae: Silphinae), Zootaxa 4013 (4), pp. 451-502 : 457-459

Necrophila (Calosilpha) Portevin, 1920

Calosilpha Portevin, 1920b: 396 (as subgenus of Eusilpha ; type species Silpha ioptera Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844 , subsequent designation by Hatch 1928: 113)

Calosilpha: Portevin 1926: 111 , 151 (as genus, key, catalog)

Silpha (Calosilpha) : Hatch 1928: 113 (as subgenus of Silpha , catalog)

Necrophila (Calosilpha) : Peck 2001: 270 (as subgenus of Necrophila , catalog)

Diagnostic description. Body flattened, length 11.9–23.1 mm, maximum body width 8.5–12.5 mm. Head and antennae black or black with metallic luster. Pronotum orange in dorsal view, sometimes with darker (brown to dark brown), poorly delimited medial spot on disc ( Figs. 1–8 ); or pronotum orange with large, well-delimited, metallic black medial spot on disc ( Figs. 9–10 ). Ventrally, hypomeron is orange; prosternum is orange, its posterior part with blue metallic luster of varying extent. Scutellum and elytra brown to dark brown ( Figs. 1–6 ), or with blue or green metallic luster ( Figs. 7–10 ). Meso- and metathorax ventrally, abdomen and legs dark with blue or green metallic luster.

Head flattened, with row of long, erect, yellow setae behind the eyes ( Fig. 56 ). Frons with distinctly indicated fovea between the eyes, deep dorsal tentorial pits and a weak transverse crest posteriorly ( Fig. 56 ) (less prominent than in Chrysosilpha , see Růžička et al. 2012: 46, Figs. 30–31 ). Surface with fine punctation. Eyes small, not prominently protruding, reniform ( Fig. 56 ). Antennae with distinctly formed antennal club, consisting of 6–7 antennomeres; in females antennomeres are 5–8 in number, shorter and broader than in males ( Figs. 59–62 ).

Pronotum broadly oval to hexagonal in shape ( Figs. 1–10 ), with anterior margin only weakly emarginate, posterior margin straight medially, with broadly rounded posterolateral corners ( Figs. 1–10 ). Surface with dense punctures, larger in size laterally and posteriorly, only very superficial to indistinct on pronotal disc, without setation ( Figs. 54–55 ). Disc with three longitudinal, continuous, anteriorly divergent patches of more distinct, larger punctures (one medial and two more lateral), dividing very superficial punctation on disc into four areas, corresponding with dorsally more elevated areas. Interstices between the punctures glossy, with fine isodiametric microsculpture, very superficial or without microsculpture discally. Anterior and posterior margin of pronotum with dense row of stout, short, yellow, ventrally oriented setae.

Scutellar shield small, cordiform, with sinuous lateral margins. Sparsely covered by very fine punctures, densely setose in anterior part, covered by posterior margin of pronotum.

Elytra flattened, each elytron with three distinctly developed costae in both males and females, outer (third) costa shorter, not crossing bulges ( Figs. 1–10 ). The third interval on elytron is distinctly narrower than the first and second ones ( Figs. 1–10 ). Elytral epipleural ridge not elevated, laterally flattened, reaching subapical part of elytra in both males and females. Apex of elytron in males subtruncate to truncate with sinuous margin ( Figs. 1, 3 , 5 , 7, 9 ); in females subtruncate or elongated slightly or distinctly ( Figs 2, 4 , 6 , 8, 10 ). Sutural edge apically elongate into small but distinct denticle in both males and females. Dorsal surface with uniformly dispersed, fine and dense punctation, similar in size to that on pronotum; surface matt, with fine to very fine, isodiametric microsculpture; without reticulate sculpture (which is present in Necrophila s. str.). Ventrally, elytral epipleura covered by fine, densely arranged punctures.

Hind wings fully developed, functional.

Ventral side of body and legs very glossy, with distinct punctation and long setation; with fine, transverse microsculpture. Metaventrite glossy, without microsculpture on entire median part ( N. ioptera ), or without microsculpture only in two narrow, longitudinal lineages along medial part (other species).

Legs with tibia armed with several longitudinal rows of short, strong setae. Pro- and mesofemur only slightly expanded distally in males and simple in females, without distinct expansion. Metatibia slightly bent in males (distinctly bent in N. ioptera ), almost straight in females. Pro- and mesotarsomere 1–4 moderately expanded in males (simple, unmodified in females). Meso- and metatarsal claws symmetrical in both males and females (asymmetrical in males of Deutosilpha and Chrysosilpha ).

Abdomen distinctly sclerotized, with ventrites 2–5 unmodified (weakly sclerotized in Deutosilpha and Chrysosilpha , with ventrites 2–5 very short in Chrysosilpha ).

Male. Genital segment with robust, oblong ventrite 9, truncate apically, extending anterior margin of tergum 9 ( Figs. 26–29 , 43, 47, 51 ); spiculum gastrale large, robust, slightly asymmetrical ( Figs. 26–29 , 43, 47, 51 ). Aedeagus large; parameres robust; median lobe slightly to distinctly shorter than parameres, regularly tapering to a triangular tip ( Figs. 18–23 , 42, 46, 50 ).

Female. Genital segment with tergum 10 large, pentagonal in shape, regularly rounded posteriorly in dorsal view ( Figs. 30–35 , 44, 48 ) (but small, hexagonal in N. ioptera , Fig. 52 ); with stylus inserted laterally, slightly to distinctly longer than apex of coxite in ventral view ( Figs. 36–41 , 45, 49, 53 ).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 4. Habitus dorsally of Necrophila (Calosilpha) brunnicollis (Kraatz) (1, ♂, JRUC; 2, ♀, JRUC, both Unzen near Shimabara, Kyushu, Japan; 3, ♂, NMPC, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan; 4, ♀, JRUC, Mt. Yuwandake, Amami-Oshima Island, Japan).

FIGURES 5 – 6. Habitus dorsally of Necrophila (Calosilpha) cyaneocephala (Kraatz) (5, ♂, JRUC; 6, ♀, JRUC, both Guandaoshan, Taiwan).

FIGURES 7 – 10. Habitus dorsally of Necrophila (Calosilpha) cyaniventris (Motschulsky) (7, ♂, JRUC; 8, ♀, JRUC, both Phongsaly, Laos) and N. (C.) ioptera (Kollar & Redtenbacher) (9, ♂, JRUC; 10, ♀, JRUC, both Nainital, Uttarakhand, India).

FIGURES 56 – 62. Morphological details of Necrophila (Calosilpha) cyaniventris (Motschulsky) (56, ♀, JRUC, Phongsaly env., Laos), N. (C.) cyaneocephala (Kraatz) (57, ♂, JRUC, Fushan, Taiwan), same species (59, ♂, 60, ♀, both JRUC, Guandaoshan, Taiwan), N. (C.) ioptera (Kollar & Redtenbacher) (58, 61, ♂, 62, ♀, both JRUC, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India). Head dorsally (56), ♂ metatibia ventrally (57 – 58), antenna dorsally in ♂ (59, 61) and ♀ (60, 62).

FIGURES 30 – 41. ♀ genitalia of Necrophila (Calosilpha) brunnicollis (Kraatz) (30, 38, Wuyi Shan, Fujian, China; 31, 39, Kaesong, North Korea; 32, 40, Kaymanovka, Russia; 33, 41, Yona, Okinawa Island, Japan; 34, 36, Unzen, Kyushu, Japan; 35, 37, Omogo valley, Shikoku, Japan, all JRUC), setae omitted. Genital segment dorsally (30 – 35) and ventrally (36 – 41). Abbreviations: c—coxite, s—stylus, t 9 — tergum 9, t 10 — tergum 10.

FIGURES 54 – 55. Pronotum dorsally of Necrophila (Calosilpha) cyaniventris (Motschulsky) (54, ♀, JRUC, Phongsaly env., Laos) and N. (C.) ioptera (Kollar & Redtenbacher) (55, ♀, JRUC, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India).

FIGURES 18 – 29. ♂ genitalia of Necrophila (Calosilpha) brunnicollis (Kraatz) (18, 24, Wuyi Shan, Fujian, China; 19, 25, Kaesong, North Korea; 20, 26, Kaymanovka, Russia; 21, 27, Yona, Okinawa Island, Japan; 22, 28, Unzen, Kyushu, Japan; 23, 29, Omogo valley, Shikoku, Japan, all JRUC), setae omitted. Aedeagus ventrally (18 – 23), ♂ genital segment ventrally (24 – 29). Abbreviations: sg—spiculum gastrale, t 9 — tergum 9, v 9 — ventrite 9.

FIGURES 42 – 53. Genitalia of Necrophila (Calosilpha) cyaneocephala (Kraatz) (42 – 43, ♂, and 44 – 45, ♀, both SDEI, paralectotypes, Kosempo, Taiwan), N. (C.) cyaniventris (Motschulsky) (46 – 47, ♂, JRUC, Phongsaly, Laos, and 48 – 49, ♀, JRUC, near Mt. Everest, Nepal) and N. (C.) ioptera (Kollar & Redtenbacher) (50 – 51, ♂, and 52 – 53, ♀, both JRUC, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India). Aedeagus ventrally (42, 46, 50), ♂ genital segment ventrally (43, 47, 51), ♀ genital segment dorsally (44, 48, 52) and ventrally (45, 49, 53).