Perilampus microgastris Ferrière, 1930

Darling, D. Christopher & Yoo, Jeong, 2021, The Perilampidae of the United Arab Emirates and Yemen (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), Zootaxa 5020 (1), pp. 101-129 : 114-117

Perilampus microgastris Ferrière, 1930

Figure 6 , 7 , Appendix 1

Material Examined. Lectotype, female PRESENT DESIGNATION: India " Rahatgaon , Hoshangabad, C.P., S. N. Chatterjee, 23.IX.1926 ", "Parasite on Apanteles machaeralis Wilk. ", “Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. Brit. Mus 1931- 140.”, “123”, Perilampus microgastris species Ch. Ferriere det. ♀ ", “Digital Image Voucher 2019, Royal Ontario Museum”, “ LECTOTYPE ♀ Perilampus microgastris Ferrière design. J Yoo and DC Darling 2020 ROME174201 ” ( NHMUK, Appendix 1).

Paralectotype, male: India “Arcadia T. E. Dehra Dun, U.P., S.M. Chatterjee, 29. XI 1932 ”, “Parasite of Harpalia machaeralis larva”, “Hyperparasite”, ROME174202 ( NHMUK) .

Additional material examined. United Arab Emirates: 11 females, 6 males. al-Wathba Wetland Reserve , 24°15'00"N, 54°36'36"E: 1-28 Feb 2015, A Saji ; A van Harten, Malaise trap (1 male: ROME159081 - ROME) . Barg al-Saqoor, 24°1’N, 52°35'E: 29 Mar 2018, A Saji ; A van Harten, Malaise trap (1 female: ROME176778 - ROME) . Wadi Bih dam, 25°48’N, 56°04'E: 22-26 Mar 2009, A van Harten, Pan traps (1 female: ROME174246 - ROME) ; 24 Apr-23 May 2007, A van Harten, Light trap (2 females: ROME174251 - ROME, ROME174252 - ROME) ; 30 Apr-4 Jun 2008, A van Harten, Light trap (1 male: ROME174245 - ROME) ; 30 May-5 Jun 2007, A van Harten, Light trap (2 females: ROME159207 - CNC, ROME159206 - ROME; 1 male: DCD Slide #2252 ♂ genitalia, ROME159208 - ROME) ; 6-13 May 2007, A van Harten, Light trap (2 females: ROME174233 - ROME, ROME174234 - ROME) ; 9-23 Jul 2008, A van Harten, Light trap (1 female: ROME174253 - ROME) . Wadi Safad , 25°13’N, 56°19'E: 1-15 Apr 2006, A van Harten, Light trap (1 male: ROME174256 - ROME) ; 14-21 May 2006, A van Harten, Light trap (1 female: ROME174230 - ROME) ; 15-23 Apr 2006, A van Harten, Light trap (1 male: ROME174228 - EAD) ; 21 Feb-4 Mar 2006, A van Harten, Light trap (1 female: ROME174225 - NHMUK; 1 male: ROME174226 - ROME) .

Redescription. Length: approximately 2.1‒2.7 mm. Color: black, mesonotum black with or without weak bronze reflections, metasoma black or brown, dorsellum black with bronze reflections. Legs: coxae black, hind femora black or brown, pro and meso femora and tibiae brown, lighter distad and on inner surfaces, with weak blue reflections, tarsi brown. Antennae: scape black or brown, pedicel brown, flagellum yellow or brown, often darker dorsad.

Head ( Figs 6D, 6E ): in frontal view quadrate ( Fig. 6E ), slightly wider than high, HW/HH approximately 1.2, densely setose; in dorsal view weakly transverse ( Fig. 6D ), width same or slightly greater than twice length, HW/HL 2.0‒2.1; wider than pronotum, HW/PW approximately 1.2‒1.3. Frontal carina: absent. Scrobal cavity: shallow; very weak round swelling originating from between median and lateral ocelli extend towards eye margin. Ocelli: large; forming a wide triangle, POL about twice distance between posterior and anterior ocelli; POL at least twice OOL. Vertex: rounded behind; smooth, interocellar region smooth; occiput flat, without median furrow ( Fig. 6D , arrow), with costulae. Outer orbits: smooth, strong costulae behind. Inner orbits: in lateral view, nearly parallel to inner eye margin; smooth. Malar space: short, about 0.2× eye height, MS/EH approximately 0.2; malar sulcus distinct; smooth. Clypeus: weakly transverse, wider than high, CW/ CH approximately 1.7‒1.8, trapezoidal, lateral sulci weak and straight or weakly rounded, weakly divergent; epistomal sulcus straight or weakly concave, deeper and more distinct than lateral sulci, only slightly extended ventrad; lower margin convex. Supraclypeal area: subquadrate. Antenna: scape length approximately 0.5× EH; anellus length approximately 0.1× PL; F1 subquadrate, subequal in length to pedicel, F1L/PL approximately 0.9, F2 subquadrate, F3‒F7 transverse; clava 4-segmented, with distinct terminal button.

Mesosoma ( Figs 6B, 6C, 6F, 6G ): length approximately 1.2‒1.3× maximum width. Pronotum in dorsal view: short, about 0.25× length of mesoscutum, PN/MSC 0.2‒0.3; shorter along midline, 0.5‒0.6× length laterad; anterior margin sharp, the first row of punctures slightly lower; with flange lateral panel of pronotum at the level of mesothoracic spiracle. Lateral panel of pronotum ( Fig. 6F ): nearly as wide as prepectus, LPP/PPT approximately 1.1‒1.2; flat, with 3 rows of punctures and wide coriarious interspaces dorsad, ventrad with wide coriarious patch; anterior margin slightly rounded; posterior margin ventrad nearly flat, with a row of alveolae. Prepectus: narrow; nearly indistinguishable from pronotum, without distinct suture; ventral strap short ( Fig. 6F , arrow), without row of alevolae; central area smooth, with foveae along dorsal and posterior margins. Femoral depression: densely rugose, with foveae. Midlobe of mesoscutum ( Fig. 6B ): without transverse tubercle; with weakly angulate to round punctures and narrow coriarious interspaces. Lateral lobe of mesoscutum: smooth dorsad; coriarious-punctate laterad. Scutellum: about as long as mesoscutum, SC/MSC approximately 1.1; posterior margin smoothly rounded; with weakly angulate to round punctures and narrow coriarious interspaces. Axilla: punctate dorsad, imbricate below. Axillula: short triangular lobe, shorter than width at base, smooth. Propodeum ( Fig. 6G ): length along midline about 0.3× width of propodeum; submedian area shagreened to smooth, with weak groove along median carina; smooth laterad; delimited laterad and ventrad by complete plicae and dorsad by transverse band of foveae; propodeal spiracle margin widely foveate ventrad ( Fig. 6G , arrow); nucha weakly rugulose. Fore wing ( Fig. 6C ): postmarginal vein short, 0.6‒0.7× length of marginal vein, 1.4‒1.6× length of stigmal vein; stigmal vein rounded without uncus.

Metasoma: petiole short and straplike, smooth, without raised scale ( Fig. 6G ); Gt2 smooth, posterior margin weakly concave at middle; Gt3 smooth or weakly imbricate dorsad.

Male. Length: approximately 1.8‒2.3 mm. Color, structure, and sculpture similar to female, except: Head ( Fig. 7A ): in dorsal quadrate. Ocelli: larger. Malar space: shorter. Scape ( Fig. 7B, 7C ): about 0.5× EH; stout or elongate, length 4‒5× width above radicle; punctures covering about 0.4 scape length, with wide interspaces. Aedeagus: without paired lateral spines.

Variation. Two specimens are tentatively assigned to this species. One male has a slightly elongate scape (ROME159081) and a female has imbricate sculpture on Gt3 (ROME174252).

Diagnosis. Perilampus microgastris can be distinguished from other UAE species by black color with or without weak cupreous iridescence on mesonotum ( Fig. 6B ), flat occiput without furrow ( Figs 6D , 7A , arrows), mesonotum with narrow and coriarious interspaces ( Fig. 6B ), prepectus narrow ( Fig. 6F ) with short ventral lobe ( Fig. 6F , arrow) and an indistinct suture along the pronotum, propodeum with large foveae surrounding spiracles ( Fig. 6G , arrow); and males with a stout scape with large punctures covering about 0.4 scape length ( Figs 7B, 7C ), and the aedeagus without spines.

Remarks. Ferrière (1930) described this species from what we regard as a mixed syntype series and a lectotype is designated from India to stabilize the nomenclature. There are at least two species in the syntype series from India, and minimally some of the syntypes from Java are not regarded by us as conspecific with the lectotype (e.g., ROME174203-NHMUK). The clypeus of the lectotype ( Fig. 7D ) agrees with the UAE specimens ( Fig. 6E ) whereas the clypeus is more quadrate in specimens from Java ( Fig. 7H ). In addition, the OOL of both males and females from Java ( Fig. 7E ) is longer than in the lectotype of P. microgastris and in females ( Fig. 6D ) and males from UAE ( Fig. 7A ). The male scape is stouter with slightly larger pores in P. microgastris ( Figs 7B, 7C, 7F ), compared with the males from Java ( Fig. 7G ).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Perilampus microgastris. A, habitus, lateral view; B, habitus, dorsal view; C, fore wing; D, head, dorsal view; E, head, frontal view; F, prepectus; G, propodeum. [A‒C, E, F: ROME176778; D and G: ROME159206; all UAE]

FIGURE 7. Perilampus microgastris group. A‒D, F, P. microgastris. A, head, dorsal view, male; B, scape, male; C, scape, male; D, clypeus, F, scape, male; E, G, H, Java specimens. E, head, dorsal view, male; G, Scape, male; H, Clypeus. [A and B: UAE, ROME159208; C: UAE, ROME174245; D: India, Lectotype, ROME174201; E and G: Java, ROME174203; F: India, ROME174205; H: Java, ROME174204]