Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya, 1930

Hosseininaveh, Fatemeh, Nozari, Jamasb, Kaydan, Mehmet Bora & Hosseininaveh, Vahid, 2016, Molecular and morphological identification of pistachio armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), with description of a new species, Zootaxa 4200 (4), pp. 523-543 : 532-533

Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya, 1930 .

Figure 3 .

Common names. Yellow pistachio hard scale; yellow pistachio scale ( García et al., 2016)

Synonyms. Mytilococcus pistaciae Bodenheimer, 1943 ; Lepidosaphes pistacicola Borchsenius, 1949 ; Pistaciaspis pistacicola, Borchsenius, 1963 ; Pistaciaspis pistaciae, Borchsenius, 1963 ( García et al. 2016) .

Material examined. 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Zarnd, N: 30°50'00", E: 56°20'58", 1,600 m, on branches and twigs of Pistacia vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 5.i.2013, coll. no: LZ-110, one individual used for drawing ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Rafsanjan, N: 30° 22' 28", E: 56’ 00' 16", 1539 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 6.i.2013, coll. no: LR-111 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Shahrebabak, N: 29°59'56", E: 55°42'57", 2,355 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 12.i.2013, coll. no: LH-112 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Sirjan, N: 29° 22' 29", E: 55° 44' 06", 1,731 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 12.i.2013, coll. no: LS-113 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Noogh, N: 30° 49' 00", E: 55° 47' 43", 1,348 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 6.i.2013, coll. no: LN-114 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Kabotarkhan, N: 30°18 26", E: 56° 22' 51", 1,650 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 6.i.2013, coll. no: LK-115 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Koshkoiye, N: 30°33'52", E: 55°36'43", 1,429 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 1.i.2013, coll. no: LF-116 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Anar, N: 30° 53' 41", E: 55° 12' 18", 1,434 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 16.i.2013, coll. no: LA-117 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Baghin, N: 30° 04' 56", E: 56° 44' 54", 1,858 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 12.i.2013, coll. no: LB-118 ; 5 adult females on 1 slide, Iran, Kerman, Davaran, N: 30° 34' 32", E: 56° 10' 44", 1,848 m, on branches and twigs of P. vera , coll: F. Hosseininaveh, 5.i.2013, coll. no: LD-119.

Field characters. Female scale cover oyster like, 2.4–3.0 mm long, 1.0– 1.8 mm wide, light or dark brown, flared posteriorly, flattened at edges, straight or wavy, central part moderately convex; larval exuviae on cephalic end, first shining yellow, second dark brown. Male scale cover about 1.6 mm long, narrow, linear, very light brown, almost white; larval exuviae on cephalic end, light yellow.

Slide-mounted characteristics. Adult female oval, 1.21–1.59 (1.39) mm long and 0.61–0.87 (0.75) mm wide, widest at abdominal segment II. Cuticle entirely membranous. Antenna with 2–4 (4) setae. Anterior spiracles each with 2–5 (3) pores, posterior spiracles each with 1–3 (1) pores, each pore with 3 loculi. Lateral abdominal lobules, formed as robust, pleural intersegmentary finger-like nipples, well developed between abdominal segments I–II, II–III and III–IV. Pygidium with 2 definite pairs of lobes; third and fourth pairs of lobes represented by low projections. Median lobes (L1) each 20–27 (23) µm wide, strongly sclerotized, prominent, parallel and symmetrical, slightly rounded at apex with periapical indentation on either side of apex. Median lobes without basal yoke; space between the lobes wider than L2, 0.4–0.6 (0.5) times width of median lobe, occupied by 2 short gland-spines, these sometimes broken. Second lobes (L2) each 8–10 (9) µm wide, small, conical, narrow, protruding, lateral lobule (L2b) absent. Third lobes (L3) each 12–18(15) µm wide, small, slightly convex, associated with paired marginal macroducts 3 and 4. Gland spines each containing microduct 27–37 (33) µm long, without basal fringing. Pygidial gland-spine formula 2–3, 2–5 and 3–6, segments III and IV each with 3–6 (4) gland spines near each margin. Seven thick dorsal marginal macroducts each 22–25 (23) µm long, present on each side, present in pairs on the segments VI–VIII, single on segment V. Dorsal submarginal and submedial macroducts quite narrow, very numerous on pygidium, each duct short 20–25 (21) µm long, cylindrical, with orifice sub-circular with thickened rim, distributed in irregular rows in all pygidial areas, where they form tight groups on longitudinal segments VII, VI and V; arranged in more regular rows on segment V and prepygidial segments I–IV where they form distinct submarginal and submedial groups, extending along intersegmental lines. Ventral microducts very slender, barely visible, few in number, present in the submarginal area of pygidium and submedial areas of prepygidial segments. Ventral macroducts almost same size as dorsal macroducts each 15–22 (18) µm long, present in the pleuthoracic area and segments I and II of the abdomen, extending medially to posterior spiracles on metathorax. Perivulvar pores present, arranged into 5 groups, formula: median group 5–19 (9), submedial groups 7–20 (15) each, and lateral groups 8–20 (13) each; median group is situated anterior to level of anal opening. Anal Opening located 9–12 (10) times length of anal opening from base of medial lobes, anal Opening 12–15 (15) µm long.

Host plants. Pistacia integerrima J.L. Stewart ex Brandis , P. khinjuk Stocks , P. atlantica Desf. , P. terebinthus L., P. vera L. ( Anacardiaceae ); Rhododendron sp. ( Ericaceae ); Stillingia sp. ( Euphorbiaceae ); Ceratonia siliqua L. ( Fabaceae ); Sassafras (Lauraceae) ; Ceanothus sp. ( Rhamnaceae ); Malus pumila Mill. , Pyrus sp., Prunus armeniaca L., Rosa sp., Sorbus sp. ( Rosaceae ); Populus sp., Salix sp. ( Salicaceae ); Alianthus sp. ( Simaroubaceae ) ( García et al., 2016).

Distribution. Afghanistan, Armenia, Cyprus, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan ( García et al., 2016).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Adult female of Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya, illustration by Hosseininaveh.