Cerapanorpa, Gao, Chao, Ma, Na & Hua, Bao-Zhen, 2016

Gao, Chao, Ma, Na & Hua, Bao-Zhen, 2016, Cerapanorpa, a new genus of Panorpidae (Insecta: Mecoptera) with descriptions of three new species, Zootaxa 4158 (1), pp. 93-104 : 98

Key to species of Cerapanorpa gen. nov. (males)

1. Tergum V bearing an anal horn on posterior margin.................................. C. bicornifera (Chou & Wang)

- Tergum V without an anal horn........................................................................... 2

2. Anal horn on tergum VI at most 0.2 times as long as tergum VI; wing membrane hyaline; hypovalves only extending to middle of gonocoxite..................................................................... C. brevicornis (Hua & Li)

- Anal horn on tergum VI at least 0.3 times as long as tergum VI................................................. 3

3. Doral valves of aedeagus bilobed apically, or bifurcate at the base...............................................4

- Doral valves of aedeagus simple, without furcation........................................................... 9

4. Basal region of forewing slightly yellowish, remaining region hyaline............................................ 5

- Whole forewing uniformly hyaline........................................................................ 6

5. Dorsal valves of aedeagus with inner branches bowed and approaching each other at middle, outer branches shorter and thinner................................................................................ C. fulvicaudaria (Miyaké)

- Dorsal vales of aedeagus straight, with inner branches shorter and thicker than outer ones........... C. arakavae (Miyaké)

6. Wings with only an interrupted pterostigmal band; abdominal segments V and VI widened and obconical...................................................................................................... C. galloisi (Miyaké)

- Wings with two conspicuous bands: an apical band and a pterostigmal band; abdominal segments V and VI slightly narrower than preceding segments................................................................................7

7. Paramere furcate; abdominal segments VII–XI reddish black.................................. C. gokaensis (Miyaké)

- Paramere simple; abdominal segments VII–XI reddish brown.................................................. 8

8. Apex of paramere sharply pointed, without spines....................................... C. cornigera (MacLachlan)

- Apex of paramere blunt, bearing thick spines along medial margin............................... C. acutipennis (Hua)

9. Paramere with thin stalk, then abruptly swollen into broad plate from middle portion, with long and stout spines along inner margin............................................................................................. 10

- Paramere with apical portion lanceolate or slightly curved, only slightly broader than its stalk, inner margin bearing fine spines................................................................................................... 11

10. Paramere short, reaching approximately 4/5 of gonocoxite, quadrate plate above the stalk, with an L-shaped subapical branch................................................................................. C. byersi (Hua & Huang)

- Paramere almost reaching the posterior margin of gonocoxite, palmate in the middle, lanceolate at apex, with spines much lon- ger than the width at where they inserted; dorsal valve of aedeagus tapering towards the apex......... C. centralis (Tjeder)

11. Paramere constantly linear, not broaden above its stalk, only slightly thick than stalk, bearing a column of very short spines..................................................................................................... 12

- Paramere broad and flat above the stalk, markedly broader than its stalk......................................... 14

12. Wing membrane slightly yellow-tinted, with conspicuous dark-brown markings; middle and hind legs with brownish black coxae and trochanters; paramere curved almost at a right angle near its base............................ C. reni (Chou)

- Wing membrane hyaline, without markings, or only with faint apical band; all three pairs of legs with yellowish coxae and tro- chanters; paramere straight, only slightly curved apically..................................................... 13

13. Paramere dark brown, reaching the hind margin of gonocoxite, at apex with a thorn, bearing spines on the back.............................................................................................. C. liupanshana sp. nov.

- Paramere yellowish brown, reaching middle length of gonostylus, blunt apically, bearing spines along inner margin......................................................................................... C. dubia (Chou & Wang)

14. Paramere sinuate or geniculate.......................................................................... 15

- Paramere straight lanceolate, or somewhat bending medially.................................................. 17

15. Paramere conspicuously sinuate, nearly bow-shaped, especially its apical half; dorsal valves of aedeagus short, not exceeding gonocoxite, truncated at apex.............................................................. C. sinuata sp. nov.

- Paramere slightly geniculate on apical portion; dorsal valves of aedeagus elongate, reaching the posterior margin of gonocoxite or more............................................................................................ 16

16. Rostrum yellowish to reddish brown; males with anterior half of abdominal segment VI brownish black and posterior half paler; paramere with comb-like long spines along medial margin.................................. C. obtusa (Cheng)

- Rostrum blackish brown to black; abdominal segment VI entirely black; paramere covered ventrally by short spines at apex.................................................................................... C. nanwutaina (Chou)

17. Hypovalve short, barely reaching mid-length of gonocoxite..................................... C. horiensis (Issiki)

- Hypovalve extending well beyond mid-length of gonocoxite, reaching posterior margin of gonocoxite................. 18

18. Paramere extending to middle portion of gonostylus or slightly further.......................................... 19

- Paramere extending nearly to the apex of gonostylus or beyond............................................... 20

19. Wings with prominent apical band and pterostigmal band; hypovalve with bristles along medial magrin; paramere with spines above its stalk......................................................... C. wangwushana (Huang, Hua & Shen)

- Wings almost without markings, only with faint indication of apical band; hypovalve with a regular column of bristles on medial margin; paramere with spines from its middle length.............................. C. funiushana (Hua & Chou)

20. Wings with pterostigmal band and apical band; paramere nearly reaching apex of gonostylus, bearing spines longer than the width at where they inserted along its medial margin........................................ C. emarginata (Cheng)

- Wings without markings; paramere extruding beyond gonostylus, with spines shorter than the width at where they inserted along its medial margin................................................................ C. protrudens sp. nov.