Schinia chrysellus (Grote)

Pogue, Michael G. & Harp, And Charles E., 2005, Systematics of Schinia chrysellus (Grote) complex: Revised status of Schinia alencis (Harvey) with a description of two new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae), Zootaxa 898, pp. 1-35 : 4-10

Schinia chrysellus (Grote)

( Figs. 4–6 , 16 , 21 , 26–27 , 36, 39 , 46 )

Tricopis chrysellus Grote 1874: 76 .— Grote 1875: 18.— Grote 1882: 35.— Grote 1883: 152.— Grote 1890: 37.— Grote 1895: 67.

Schinia chrysella ; Barnes and McDunnough 1917: 39.— McDunnough 1938: 105.— Franclemont and Todd 1983:159.— Hardwick 1996: 189.

Schinia chrysellus ; Smith 1883: 227.— Smith 1891: 54.— Smith 1893: 274.— Dyar 1903:187.— Poole 1989: 893.— Poole and Gentili 1996: 771.

Heliothis conchula Felder & Rogenhofer 1874 : pl. 108, fig. 41. — Barnes and McDunnough 1917: 39.— McDunnough 1938: 105.— Franclemont and Todd 1983: 159.— Poole 1989: 893.— Poole and Gentili 1996: 771.— Hardwick 1996: 89.

Heliothis lanul Strecker 1877: 132 . Barnes and McDunnough 1917: 39.— Franclemont and Todd 1983: 159.— Hardwick 1996: 189 [synonymized lanul ].

Lygranthoecia lanul ; Grote 1890: 37.

Schinia lanul ; Smith 1893: 285.— Grote 1895: 68.— Dyar 1903:188.— McDunnough 1938: 105.— Franclemont and Todd 1983: 159.— Poole 1989: 895.— Poole and Gentili 1996: 771.

Diagnosis. Schinia chrysellus most resembles chryselloides and alencis . Hardwick (1996) synonymized alencis with chrysellus , but there are characters that separate these species. The ventral lip of the frons ( Fig. 16 ) is more produced in chrysellus than it is in alencis ( Fig. 18 ). The spines on the foretibia slightly longer with pointed apices ( Fig. 21 ) in chrysellus than the slightly shorter and rounded apices ( Fig. 23 ) in alencis . The labial palps are short in chrysellus ( Fig. 16 ), but longer and extend well beyond the frons in chryselloides ( Fig. 17 ).

Description. Male. Head: Frons cream to pale gray, ventral lip greatly produced ( Fig. 16 ); vertex white to light brown; labial palp short, not or barely extending past ventral lip, white speckled with light brown scales; eyes large and globular. Thorax: Scales wide, light brown with some white; forefemur with dorsal and inner surface light brown, outer surface white becoming light brown apically; tibia light brown, inner side with largest spine flat, largest spine on inner side flat, a single slender spine dorsal to it, outer side with 4 robust round spines that become progressively shorter proximally; tarsi white on outer surface, light brown with white apical rings on inner surface; middle and hind legs cream to light brown; tibia spined; tarsi cream to light brown; underside white. Forewing: Length 9.56– 12.56, mean 11.15 + 0.9 mm (n=15). Ground color shiny white; basal patch light brown; median band light brown with darker brown scales interspersed, especially along the margins, irregularly shaped; reniform spot incorporated into median band and produced toward apex; terminal band light brown with white apex bordered by light brown proximally, proximal margin jagged, small dark brown to black spots on white background between wing veins; fringe white; underside light brown, subapical and apical patch white, white along posterior margin. Hindwing: Ground color shiny white; marginal band light brown to gray, lacking a well­defined inner margin; fringe white. Abdomen: White; scent pockets and hair pencils on second sternite absent. Genitalia ( Figs. 26–27 ): Uncus elongate, approximately 0.3 times length of valve, apex blunt with small hook; valve elongate (length approximately 10 X width), costal margin slightly angulate at 4/5 length, posterior margin gently curved to a narrowly rounded apex; ampulla short (0.04 length of valve); corona with stout spines; sacculus with ventral margin produced; juxta rectangular, height greater than width, ventral margin U­shaped and more sclerotized than rest of juxta; saccus V­shaped; aedoeagus slightly curved, dorsodistal third with fine spines; vesica emerging ventrally, basal diverticulum present, 2 1/2 coils; cornuti finely scobinate.

Female. As in male except forewing length 11.2–12.83, 12.11 + 0.5 mm (n=15). Genitalia ( Figs. 36, 39 ): Papilla analis a curved, elongate triangle, apex pointed; posterior apophysis approximately 0.85–0.92 X length of anterior apophysis; ductus bursae membranous, elongate; appendix bursae shorter than corpus bursae, with 1 1/2 coils; corpus bursae ovate; signa 4 scobinate bars.

Type material. Tricopis chrysellus Grote: Female holotype is in BMNH. Type locality: Texas. The original description indicates 2 specimens collected, one by Belfrage in Texas and the other by Snow in Kansas, with “No. 192” indicated for the Kansas specimen. The holotype in the BMNH is labeled as being from Texas, but bears the “No. 192” label. Type locality: Clifton, Bosque Co., Texas. Type examined.

Heliothis conchula Felder & Rogenhofer : Male holotype is in BMNH. Type locality: Texas. Type examined.

Heliothis lanul Strecker : Male holotype is in FMNH. Type locality: Texas. Type not examined.

Biology. Adult emergence coincides with host plant blooming in mid August to September. During field observations, females oviposit on pre­bloom flower buds of Amphiachyris dracunculoides (DC.) Nutt. ( Asteraceae ) at dusk, and can be seen darting among the knee­high broomweed plants until dark ( Fig. 3 ). Eggs hatch in three to four days ( Hardwick 1996). Early larval instars feed within early blooms, moving to the outsides of the flower after the third instar. Later instars clasp the stems beneath the flowers and consume the flower parts and immature seeds. Flower heads are very small, but numerous on broomweed, so caterpillars move easily between adjacent blooms to continue feeding.

Hardwick (1996) noted that larvae of chrysellus complete their development in six or seven stadia, and mean development time for reared larvae was 26.0 days.

Amphiachyris dracunculoides , or prairie broomweed, can be extremely common on disturbed pastures and eroded prairies across western Missouri, the eastern two­thirds of Kansas, south through Oklahoma into central Texas, the Texas panhandle, and southeastern New Mexico. Small populations of the plant occur from western Kentucky to Illinois. The plant is an annual, often growing on clay loams and limestone.

Distribution ( Fig. 46 ). Widely distributed throughout the central part of the United States from south­central Nebraska south through Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas to Monterrey, Mexico. Collected in extreme southeastern Colorado and New Mexico. There are scattered records in western Missouri, Arkansas, southeastern Louisiana, central Wisconsin, central Illinois, and western Kentucky ( Covell 1999).

Material Examined. All specimens are from the National Museum of Natural History ( USNM) collection except as noted. MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: Monterrey, 5 Sep. 1958 (1ɗ), H.F. Howden ( CNC). U.S.A.: ARKANSAS: HEMPSTEAD CO. Hope, 9 Sep. 1931 (1ɗ), 11 Sep. 1933 (3ɗ, 2Ψ) ( USNM), 8 Sep. 1931 (1ɗ), 13 Sep. 1931 (1Ψ), L. Knobel ( CNC). WASHINGTON CO. [No specific locality], 9 Aug. 1964 (1Ψ), E.P. Rouse, 1 Sep. 1966, R.L. Brown (1ɗ). COLORADO: [No specific locality], (1Ψ) genitalia slide USNM 46939, H.S. Burnett, (1ɗ). BACA CO. s end Springfield, Hwy. 385/287, 4409 ft., 26 Aug. 2002 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), M.G. Pogue & C.E. Harp, 28 Aug. 2002 (3Ψ), C. Harp (CEH). ILLINOIS: PUTNAM CO. [No specific locality], 13 Sep. 1935 (1ɗ), M.O. Glenn. IOWA: STORY CO. Ames, 14 Aug. 1919 (1ɗ), A.K. Lindsey. KANSAS: BARTON CO. Hoisington, 30 Aug. 1994 (1Ψ), B. White (CAE). BUTLER CO. Towanda Rest stop, 10 km sw El Dorado, 25 Aug. 1986 (1Ψ), J.K. Adams (EHM). CROWLEY CO. Arkansas City, 26 Aug. 1989 (1Ψ), G. Young (CEH), 3 mi e of Arkansas City, 27 Aug. 1989 (1Ψ), G. Young (CAE). DOUGLAS CO. [No specific locality], 5 Aug. 1940 (1ɗ), F. Forbes; Lawrence, Aug. (1Ψ), E.S. Tucker, 22 Aug. 1933 (1Ψ), 29 Aug. 1987 (1Ψ) J.K. Adams (EHM). ELLIS CO. 7.5 mi n, 1 mi e of Ellis, 7 Sep. 1994 (1Ψ), P. Foster (CAE), Hays, 24 Sep. 1981 (1Ψ), M. Rolfs (CAE), Hays, Ft. Hays State University campus, various dates from 2 Sep. 1988 to 28 Sep. 1994 (49Ψ, 1ɗ) C.A. Ely & P. Foster ( FHSU). ELLSWORTH CO. 2 mi n, 5 mi e of Ellsworth, 4 Sep. 1994 (2Ψ), P. Foster (CAE) (CEH). FRANKLIN CO. [no specific locality], 14 Aug. 1924, H.K. Gloyd (KSU), [no specific locality], 19 Aug. 1961, W.H. Howe ( AMNH), Ottawa, 7 Aug. 1944, W.H. Howe ( AMNH), 15 Aug. 1946, W.H. Howe ( AMNH), 19 Aug. 1947, W.H. Howe ( AMNH). KIOWA CO. Greensburg, 26 Aug. 1994 (1Ψ), G. Salsbury, 5 mi se Greensburg, 13 Aug. 1993 (1Ψ), G. Salsbury ( SMEK), 4 mi s Greensburg, 12 Aug. 1991 (1ɗ), G.A. Salsbury (CAE). LABETTE CO. Oswego, 5 Aug. 1961 (1Ψ), 7 Aug. 1964 (1Ψ) genitalia slide USNM 46935, 7 Aug. 1972 (1Ψ), 8 Aug. 1971 (1ɗ), 11 Aug. 1961 (1ɗ), 23 Aug. 1964 (1ɗ), 24 Aug. 1964 (1ɗ), 29 Aug. 1964 (2ɗ), 30 Aug. 1963 (1ɗ) genitalia slide USNM 46934, 4 Sep. 1964 (1Ψ), G. Hevel. PHILLIPS CO. Glade, 5 mi e, 1 mi s, 25 Aug. 1990 (1ɗ), C.J. Ochs (CAE). POTTAWATOMIE CO.

Onaga, 5 Sep. 1920 (1Ψ), F.F. Crevecouer (KSU), 5 Sep. 1928 (1ɗ), F.F. Crevecouer (KSU). PRATT CO. Pratt, along Hwy. #281, 1908 ft., 23 Aug. 2000 (1Ψ), C. Harp (CEH); Sawyer, downtown gas station, off Hwy. #281 at Hwy #42, 1891 ft., 23 Aug. 2000 (1Ψ), C. Harp (CEH). RILEY CO. Manhattan, 20 Sep. 1935 (2Ψ), H.H. Walkden, 29 Sep. 1937 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), R.R. McElvare, Manhattan, Kansas State Univ. campus, 20–25 Aug. 2003 (2Ψ), J. Matlevski (JMat). RUSSELL CO. Dorrance, 6 mi n, 6 mi e, 31 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), P. Briney (CAE), 1–2 Sep. 1992 (2Ψ), P. Briney (CAE), 18 Sep. 1993 (1Ψ), P. Briney (CEH), 4 Sep. 1994 (4Ψ, 1ɗ), T. Beach (CAE). SEDGWICK CO. Wichita, (1Ψ), H.H. Walkden. SHERMAN CO. rest area 7 mi e of Colorado state line, along Hwy. I­70, J.K. Adams (JKA); THOMAS CO. Colby, 21 Sep. 1988 (1Ψ) V. Wranosky (CAE). TREGO CO. Wakeeney, 1 mi s, 3 mi e, 21 Sep. 1994 (1Ψ) C.A. Ely (CAE). KENTUCKY: CALD­ WELL CO. Hwy. I­24 at mkr. #56, 26 August 1992, J.K. Adams (JKA). LOUISIANA: [No specific locality], (1Ψ). MISSOURI: CLAY CO. Liberty, J.K. Adams (JKA). GREENE CO., Springfield, 17 Sep. 1949, S.K. and A.H. Rindge ( AMNH). JACKSON CO. Independence, 28 Aug. 1961 (1ɗ), 31 Aug. 1961 (1Ψ), J.R. Heitzman, 27 August 1965, J.R. Heitzman ( AMNH); Kansas City, 17 Sep. 1898, 29, 1897, F.J. Hall ( AMNH). NEBRASKA: BUFFALO CO. Kearney, 17 August 1998 at lights, N.E. Dankert (NED). DOUGLAS CO. Omaha, 16 Sep., F.H. Marshall ( AMNH). LANCASTER CO. Lincoln, 22 Aug. 1933 (1ɗ), D.B. Whelan ( CNC), Lincoln, ( UNL). NEW MEXICO: EDDY CO. Carlsbad, 11 Sep. 1961, M. and E. Roshore ( AMNH); White City, 17 Sep. 1963 (2Ψ), A. & M.E. Blanchard. OTERO CO. High Rolls (1ɗ). OKLAHOMA: ATOKA CO. Hwy. #69 at Limestone Creek, 10 Oct. 1998 (1Ψ) at lights, J.M. Nelson (ORU). BLAINE CO. Roman Nose State Park, 16 Sep. 1983 at light trap (1Ψ) Nelson & Reed ( OSU). CHERO­ KEE CO. [No specific locality], 9 Sep. 1978 (1Ψ) P. Loy (OU). CHOCTAW CO. [no specific locality] (ORU). CLEVELAND CO. Norman, 23 Aug. 1949 (1Ψ), W.J. Reinthal ( CNC), 26 Aug. 1950 (1Ψ), 18 Sep. 1950 (1ɗ) W.J. Reinthal ( UOKN). COMANCHE CO. Ft. Sill, Lawton, CSU study site, West Range, 16–18 Aug. 2003 @ blacklight, M. Garhart & C. Harp, (4Ψ, 2ɗ) ( CSU). COTTON CO. 2 mi w of Walters, along Hwy. #53 at 1008 ft. elev., 16–19 Aug. 2003 at building lights at 1008 ft. elev., (2Ψ, 1ɗ) M. Garhart & C. Harp (CEH); Temple, along Hwy. #5, 19 Aug. 2003 (1Ψ) M. Garhart & C. Harp (CEH); s end of Walters along Hwy. #5, 19 Aug. 2003 (3Ψ, 1ɗ) M. Garhart & C. Harp (CEH). ELLIS CO. 4 mi ESE Arnett, 2400 ft., 29 Aug. 1975 (1Ψ), Lafontaine & Bowen ( CNC). GARFIELD CO. [No specific locality], 1960 (2Ψ), J.F. Reinert; s end Garber, along Hwy. #74, 1198 ft., 23 Aug. 2000 (3Ψ), C. Harp (CEH). GRANT CO. Medford, gas station, along Hwy. #11, 1067 ft., 23 Aug. 2000 (6Ψ), C. Harp (CEH). JACKSON CO. Altus, s end of town along Hwy. #283 at 1381 ft. elev., 17 Aug. 2003 (1Ψ) M. Garhart & C. Harp (CEH). JEFFER­ SON CO. Waurika, 4 mi nw, Hwy. #5 at Beaver Cr. at 882 ft. elev., 18 Aug. 2003 (1Ψ) M. Garhart & C. Harp (CEH); Waurika, downtown at building lights along Hwy. #5 at 885 ft. elev., 19 Aug. 2003 (1Ψ) M. Garhart & C. Harp (CEH); Waurika Lake Project Office, s end of lake, 1 mi n of Hwy. #5 at 1154 ft. elev., 18 Aug. 2003 (1ɗ) M. Garhart & C. Harp (CEH). LINCOLN CO. Chandler, nw edge of Old City Lake, 928 ft., 26 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), C. and C. Harp (CEH). OKLAHOMA CO. 3 mi sw of Luther, Rustic Acres Rd. nr Hwy. I­ 44, 980 ft., 10 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), 17 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), 19 Aug. 1991 (2Ψ), 20 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), 21 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), 22 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), 24 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), 25 Aug. 1991 (2ɗ, 1Ψ), 30 Aug. 1991 (1Ψ), C. Harp (CEH); Oklahoma City, 16 Sep. 1949, S.K. and A.H. Rindge ( AMNH). PAYNE CO. Stillwater, 1 Sep. 1932 (2Ψ, 1ɗ), 9 Aug. 1933 (1Ψ) E. Hixon (OKS), 24 Aug. 1959 (1ɗ) W.A. Drew (OKS), 30 July 1972 (2Ψ), 7 Aug. 1972 (1ɗ), 14 Aug. 1972 (1ɗ), 15 Aug. 1972 (1Ψ, 1ɗ), 17 Aug. 1972 (1Ψ), 22 Aug. 1972 (1Ψ), 31 Aug. 1972 (1ɗ), 21 Sep. 1973 (1Ψ), 22 Sep. 1973 (1Ψ), 24 Sep. 1973 (1ɗ) D.R. Molnar (OKS), 1 Sep. 1980 (1Ψ), 1 Sep. 1981 (1Ψ), 2 Sep. 1982 (1ɗ), 7 Sep. 1983 (1Ψ), 20 Aug. 1985 (2Ψ, 1ɗ), 3 Sep. 1985 (1Ψ), 3 Sep. 1986 (1Ψ), D.C. Arnold (OKS), 5 Sep. 1982 (1Ψ), 7 Sep. 1982 (1ɗ), 13 Sept. 1982 (1Ψ), 17 Sep. 1982 (1Ψ), R.K. Whittle (OKS). POTTA­ WATOMIE CO. 3.5 mi s of McLoud along Hwy. I­40 at 1104 ft. elev., 24 Aug. 2000 (3Ψ, 1ɗ) C. Harp (CEH). ROGERS CO. Claremore, (ORU). SEQUOYAH CO. Lake Tenkiller, 2 mi nw Blackgum, 25–29 Aug. 1982 (1ɗ), D. & M. Davis; Lake Tenkiller, nr. Cookson, 16–19 Aug. 1962 (1Ψ) D.R. Davis; TULSA CO. Tulsa, 16 Sep. 1940 (1Ψ), G. Willett, 31 Aug. 1981 (2Ψ), 5 Sep. 1984 (1Ψ), 22 Aug. 1985, 27 Aug. 1985, J.T. Criswell (OKS); Oral Roberts University campus, Sep. 4–25, 1991, J. Nelson (ORU). TEXAS: [No specific locality], 1885 (1Ψ), C.V. Riley Coll., (2ɗ, 5Ψ)6Ψ) Barnes Coll., (1ɗ, 1Ψ) Brooklyn Mus. Coll., (1Ψ) E.T. Owen, (4ɗ) J.B. Smith Coll., (1Ψ) O. Meske, (1Ψ) W. Schaus Coll., 26 Sep. 1904 (1Ψ), (2ɗ, 2Ψ). ANDERSON CO. Tennessee Colony, 23 Aug. 1978 (1ɗ), A. & M.E. Blanchard. BASTROP CO. [No specific locality], 2 Sep. 1964 (1ɗ), 29 Sep. 1964 (3ɗ); Bastrop State Park, 28 Sep. 1964 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), 6 Oct. 1963 (1Ψ), A. & M.E. Blanchard, Bastrop State Park, ( LACM). BELL CO. 6 mi nw Temple, Hwy. 36, 20 Sep. 1978 (1Ψ), Robbins & Blankenship. BEXAR CO. San Antonio, (1ɗ); San Antonio, Mt. View Acres, 9 Sep. 1971 (1Ψ), A. & M.E. Blanchard; San Antonio, Ebony Hill Res. Sta. (Kendall residence), 27 May 1992 (1Ψ), E.G. Riley ( TAMU); San Antonio, 20 Sep. 1940, (1Ψ) K.C. Emerson (OKS), 16 Sep. 1994 (1Ψ) J.K. Adams ( DMNS), 17 Oct. 1937 (2Ψ, 1ɗ) G.H. and J. Sperry ( AMNH); se of San Antonio, Hwy. I­37 at exits #125 and 130, J.K. Adams (JKA). BLANCO CO. Blanco, 24 Sep. 1964, A. & M.E. Blanchard ( AMNH). BOSQUE CO. Clifton, Belfrage, (1ɗ); Laguna Park, 24 Sep. 1970 (1ɗ, 3Ψ), (4Ψ, 2ɗ) ( AMNH), A. & M.E. Blanchard. BRAZOS CO. College Station, 9 May 1917 (1Ψ), 15–30 May 1917 (1Ψ), P.O. Glick, 14 June (1ɗ), P.O. Glick, 10–17 Aug. (1ɗ), Sep. (1Ψ) ( USNM), 14 Sep. 1978 (2ɗ), 9 Sep. 1980 (1Ψ), 4 Oct. 1978 (1Ψ), R. S. Peigler ( CNC), 8 Sep. 1978 (1Ψ), 9 Sep. 1978 (1Ψ), 14 Sep. 1978 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), R.S. Peigler, 4 Oct. 1928 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), 11 Oct. 1928 (1Ψ), 13 Oct. 1928 (2ɗ), 14 Oct. 1928 (3ɗ, 3Ψ), 16 Oct. 1928 (1Ψ), S.E. Jones, 10 Sep. 1904 (1Ψ), 14 6 Oct. (1Ψ), 8 Oct. 1903 (1ɗ), 14 Oct. 1903 (1Ψ), [No collector], 7 Oct. 1987 (1Ψ), H.R. Burke, College Station, Riley Estate, 4–5 Sep. 2002 (1ɗ), 11–14 Sep. 2002 (2ɗ, 2Ψ), 24–26 Sep. 2002 (1Ψ), 27–29 Sep. 2002 (2ɗ), E.G. Riley, College Station, Texas Exp. Station, 4 Sep. 1957 (1Ψ), 10 Sep. 1956 (1Ψ), 14 Sep. 1956 (1ɗ) ( TAMU); College Station, 28 Sep. 1976, R.S. Peigler ( AMNH). BREWSTER CO. 6.5 mi s Alpine, 9 Aug. 1991 (1ɗ), E.H. Metzler (EHM); Alpine, Davis Mountains, 2 Sep. 1960 (1Ψ), 2 Sep. 1940 (1ɗ), 11 Sep. 1958 (1Ψ), 12 Sep. 1958 (1ɗ); Alpine, 1–7 July 1926 (1Ψ), 15–21 July 1926 (1ɗ), 1–7 Sep. 1925 (1ɗ), O.C. Poling, 13 Sep. 1963 (1Ψ), 14 Sep. 1963 (1ɗ), A. & M.E. Blanchard; Alpine, Davis Mountains ( LACM). BRISCOE CO. Caprock Canyon State Park, 29–30 Aug. 1994 (1Ψ), 2–3 Sep. 1996 (1Ψ), E.C. Knudson (ECK). BROWN CO. Lake Brownwood State Park, 7 Sep. 1963 (1ɗ), A. & M.E. Blanchard. BURNET CO. Shovel Mountain, (3ɗ), Barnes Collection, 12 Apr. [probably wrong month] 1902 (1Ψ); [No specific locality], 1 Sep. 1902 (20Ψ, 7ɗ) ( AMNH). CAMERON CO. Laguna Atascosa, 22 Sep. 1973 (1ɗ), 25 Sep. 1973 (1ɗ), A. & M.E. Blanchard, July (1Ψ), P.O. Glick; La Feria, 4 Oct. 1974 (1Ψ), P.T. Riehard ( TAMU). CHAMBERS CO. Blackjack Springs, (1ɗ, 1Ψ). COLIN CO. Plano, ( AMNH). COTTLE CO. Paducah, 19 Aug. 1971 (3ɗ), 8 Sep. 1966 (1ɗ), A. & M.E. Blanchard; 8 mi nw Paducah, 1800 ft., 23 Sep. 1968 (2ɗ, 1Ψ), D. F. Hardwick ( CNC). CULBERSON CO. Guadalupe Mtn. NP, Pine Springs cmpgd, 19 Aug. 1986, R. Holland ( AMNH). DALLAS CO. Dallas, 27 July 1911 (1Ψ), H. Pinkus, 22 Aug. 1905 (1ɗ), F.C. Bishop, 27 Sep. 1911 (1Ψ), (1Ψ), J.B. Smith Coll.; vic. Dallas, 8 Sep. 1979 (1Ψ), R.A. Rahn, 30 Oct. 1947 (11Ψ, 5ɗ) S.K. & A.H. Rindge ( AMNH). DONLEY CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). EL PASO CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). ERATH CO. Stephenville, 25 Sep. 1983 (1Ψ), C.W. Agnew, 28 Sep. 1972 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), 8 Oct. 1972 (1ɗ), 18 Oct. 1971 (1Ψ), P.T. Riehard ( TAMU). HARRIS CO. Houston, 17 Sep. 1965 (1ɗ), A. & M.E. Blanchard, (2Ψ) ( AMNH). HEMPHILL CO. 6 mi E Canadian, 2000 ft., 30 Aug. 1975 (1Ψ), 2 Sep. 1975 (1ɗ), Lafontaine & Bowen ( CNC). HIDALGO CO. Mercedes, 4 Oct. 1958 (3Ψ, 1ɗ), H. Smalzried ( AMNH). JACKSON CO. Deutschburg, 7 Oct. 1974 (1ɗ), A. & M.E. Blanchard. JEFF DAVIS CO. Davis Mountains, Limpia Canyon, 8 Aug. 1991 (1ɗ, 2Ψ), E.H. Metzler (EHM). JIM WELLS CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). KERR CO. Kerrville, 19 Aug. 1980 (1ɗ), 19 Aug. 1909 (2Ψ), 2 Sep. 1906 (1ɗ), F.C. Pratt, 20 Sep. 1951 (1ɗ), A.B. Gurney, 7 Sep. 1958 (31ɗ, 14Ψ), R.R. McElvare, Sep. 1909 (1ɗ), (6ɗ, 2Ψ), Barnes Coll., (5ɗ) ( USNM), (1Ψ), Coll. Wooley­Dod. ( CNC), 5 Sep. 1964 (2ɗ), W.F. Chamberlain ( TAMU), 11 Sep. (1ɗ), H. Lacey ( UCB). KIMBLE CO. Junction, 21 Aug. 1973 (1ɗ), 18 Sep. 1968 (1Ψ), A. & M.E. Blanchard, (2Ψ) ( AMNH). LLANO CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). MIDLAND CO. [no specific locality] ( LACM). MON­ TAGUE CO. [No specific locality], 5 Aug. 1940 (9ɗ, 1Ψ), 19 Aug. 1940 (1ɗ), 28 Aug. 1940 (1ɗ), 29 Aug. 1940 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), 4 Sep. 1940 (1ɗ, 2Ψ), 7 Sep. 1941 (1ɗ), 5 Aug. 1940 (1ɗ, 1Ψ) R.R. McElvare ( AMNH), 30 Aug. 1940, R.R. McElvare (UWY), (8ɗ, 12Ψ) L.H. Bridwell ( AMNH). NACOGDOCHES CO. 5 mi s of Nacogdoches, 13 Sep. 1996 (1Ψ), C.A. Ely (CAE). NUECES CO. N. Padre Island, 9 Sep. 1974 (1Ψ), A. & M.E. Blanchard; Nueces River, (1ɗ), B. Neumögen. PARKER CO. [no specific locality] ( LACM); Weatherford ( LACM). WEBB CO. Laredo, ( LACM). POTTER CO. Amarillo, 28 Aug. 1979 (1Ψ), M.S. Brown (CEH), (1ɗ), M.S. Brown (AC), 4–10 Oct. 1977 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), 24–30 Aug. 1977 (2Ψ), R.E. Howard ( BYU). RANDALL CO. Palo Duro Canyon, 1 Sep. 1996, C.W.

Bordelon ( CWB). REEVES CO. [no specific locality] ( LACM). SAN PATRICIO CO. Sinton, Welder Wildlife Refuge, 8 Oct. 1963 (2Ψ), 10 Oct. 1964 (1ɗ), 11 Oct. 1964 (1ɗ), 12 Oct. 1964 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), A. & M.E. Blanchard ( USNM), 23 Sep. 1984 (1Ψ), 24 Sep. 1984 (1Ψ), 26 Sep. 1984 (2Ψ), 2 Oct. 1984 (1ɗ), emerged Nov. 1984 (1ɗ) reared on Gutierrezia, D.F. Hardwick ( CNC), 4 Oct. 1964 ( AMNH), 12 Oct. 1988 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), 12–13 Oct. 1988 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), E.G. Riley ( TAMU). STARR CO. Fronton, 23 Oct. 1995 (1Ψ), E.C. Knudson (ECK). TARRANT CO. Benchrock, 12 Sep. 1974 (1Ψ), E.C. Knudson; Ft. Worth, 9 Sep. 1963 (1Ψ), 14 Sep. 1962 (1Ψ), 30 Sep. 1963 (1ɗ), E. Jackh. TAYLOR CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). TERRELL CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). TOM GREEN CO. Grape Creek, 1980 ft., 3 Oct. 1994 (1ɗ), D.E. Bowman ( CSU). TRAVIS CO. Austin, 6 Oct. 1952 (2ɗ, 4Ψ), A.H. & S.K. Rindge ( AMNH). UVALDE CO. Sabinal, Sep. 1910 (1Ψ), Oct. 1910 (1Ψ), F.C. Pratt; Concan, 14 Oct. 1993 (1ɗ), C. Bordelon (CEH), Concan, Neal’s Lodge, 1 Oct. 1994 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), E.G. Riley ( TAMU). VAL VERDE CO. Lake Walk, 3 Oct. 1963 (3ɗ, 4Ψ), 4 Oct. 1963 (2Ψ), A. & M.E. Blanchard. WASHINGTON CO. [no specific locality] (TLA). WICHITA CO. Wichita Falls, 29 Sep. 1943 (5ɗ, 7Ψ), A.H. Rindge ( AMNH). NO COUNTY: Rock Springs, 9 Sep. 1958 (5ɗ, 1Ψ), R.R. McElvare; Tiger Hill, (3Ψ). WISCONSIN: PORTAGE CO. (no specific locality), 13 Sep. 1993, H. Kons, Jr. ( HK).

Discussion. S. lanul ( Fig. 6 ) is an aberrant form of S. chrysellus . The white shining ground color is opaque white and is mostly filled with thin pale rufous­tan lines that result in fine white lines adjacent to the rufous­tan median band. The terminal area is also filled with rufous­tan. The produced ventral lip is diagnostic for S. chrysellus , and S. lanul has this character.

Color variation in the forewing median band varies from a golden brown to dark brown depending on the number of dark brown scales present in the median band. Median band width is somewhat variable. The form of the median band can vary in the degree of the produced portion, with it becoming a more discrete round spot, but never separated from the band.

Figures

FIGURES 4 – 11. Adults. 4, Schinia chrysellus, male, Texas, Val Verde Co. Lake Walk, USNMENT 00220471; 5, S. chrysellus, male, Texas, Val Verde Co. Lake Walk, USNMENT 00220471; 6, S. chrysellus, male (lanul phenotype), Texas, USNMENT 00220456; 7, S. chryselloides, male, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00220482; 8, S. chryselloides, female, Holotype, Colorado, Elbert Co., Elizabeth, lights for new grocery mall, USNMENT 00220214; 9, S. chryselloides, male, Colorado, Elbert Co., Elizabeth, lights for new grocery mall, USNMENT 00220211; 10, S. alencis, female, Texas, Brewster Co., Alpine, USNMENT 00220501; 11, S. alencis, female, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 0 0 220513.

FIGURES 16 – 20. Heads. 16, Schinia chrysellus; 17, S. chryselloides; 18, S. alencis; 19, S. ciliata; 20, S. rufocostulata.

FIGURES 21 – 25. Foretibia showing form and arrangement of claws. 21, Schinia chrysellus; 22, S. chryselloides; 23, S. alencis; 24, S. ciliata; 25, S. rufocostulata.

FIGURES 26 – 31. Male genitalia and aedoeagus. 26, Schinia chrysellus; 27, S. chrysellus, aedoeagus; 28, S. chryselloides; 29, S. chryselloides, aedoeagus; 30, S. alencis; 9, 31, S. alencis, aedoeagus.

FIGURES 36 – 41. Female genitalia and papillae analis. 36, Schinia chrysellus; 37, S. chryselloides; 38, S. alencis; 39, S. chrysellus, papillae analis; 40, S. chryselloides, papillae analis; 41, S. alencis, papillae analis.

FIGURES 46 – 47. 46, Collecting localities for Schinia chrysellus, shaded area is distribution of host plant, Amphiachyris dracunculoides (Asteraceae); 47, Collecting localities for Schinia chryselloides, shaded area is distribution of host plant, Heterotheca villosa var. nana (Asteraceae).

FIGURES 1 – 3. Adult. 1 – 2, Schinia chryselloides, female ovipositing on Heterotheca villosa var. nana, Colorado, Elbert Co. Elizabeth, open eroded shoulders s. of Hwy. # 86 just s of the high school at 6341 ft. elev., 29 June 2002; 3, Host plant, Amphiachyris dracunculoides, for Schinia chrysellus in typical habitat, eroded red­clay prairies and savannahs, Oklahoma, Oklahoma Co., 3 mi sw of Luther, along Hwy. I­ 44 nr. Peebly Rd., 22 August 1992.