Gromphas aeruginosa ( Perty, 1830 )

Cupello, Mario & Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z., 2015, A new species and the phylogeny of the South American genus Gromphas Brullé, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini), Journal of Natural History 50, pp. 943-969 : 954

Gromphas aeruginosa ( Perty, 1830)

( Figures 5 , 6 )

New geographical records

Brazil: Rondônia: Guajará-Mirim . Peru: Loreto: Alto Amazonas (Yurimaguas), Mariscal Ramón Castilla (Pebas) . Madri de Dios: Tambopata National Reserve . Bolivia: Beni: José Ballivián (Rurrenabaque), Mamoré (San Ramón) . Cochabamba: Carrasco ( Valle de Sacta ) .

Additional material examined

BOLIVIA: no more data – 1 male and females ( BMNH) and 1 male ( OUMNH – Hope- Westwood coll.) . BENI: José Ballivián, Rurrenabaque, Río Beni , XII (without year), W . M . Mann col . – 1 female ( BMNH); Mamoré, San Ramón, Estancia San Lorenzo , 13°26 ʹ 55 ” S, 64° 36 ʹ 15 ” W, 1 December 2003, D . J. Mann and C . Hamel cols . – 1 female ( OUMNH) .

COCHABAMBA: Carrasco, Valle de Sacta , 17°06 ’ S, 64°47 ʹ 01 ” W, 09 .V .2000, A . C . Hamel col . – 1 male and 1 female ( OUMNH) . SANTA CRUZ: Ichilo , Buena Vista, 1922, R . C . Robert col . – 1 male ( BMNH); same location, October 1922, J . Steinbach col . – 2 males ( BMNH); Sara, November to December1922, J . Steinbach col . – 1 female ( BMNH) . BRAZIL: Amazon , without date, H . W . Bates col . – 2 males and 1 female ( BMNH); Rio Madeira , without year and collector – 4 males ( BMNH) . AMAZONAS: Tefé (‘ Ega ’), without date and collector (H. W. Bates col.?) – 4 males and 1 female ( BMNH); Tefé (‘ Ega ’), January to April1879, M . de Mathan col . – 2 males ( BMNH) . PARÁ: without date, A . Miles Noss col . – 1 male and 1 female ( BMNH) . RONDÔNIA: Guajará-Mirim (?; ‘ Lake Mirim , Guayara ’), 8 June 1937, P . Bullivian col . – 1 male and 1 female ( BMNH) . PERU: Loreto: Alto Amazonas, Yurimaguas (‘ Jurimaguas ’), without date and collector – 1 female ( BMNH); Mariscal Ramón Castilla (Pebas), without date and collector – 2 males and 2 females ( BMNH) . Madre de Dios: Tambopata National Reserve, 30 km (air) southwest Puerto Maldonado , 280 m, 12°50 ’ S, 06°20 ʹ W, 5 March 1982, N . E . Stork col . – 1 female ( BMNH) . Ambiguous data: (Villa Nova (country?), no more data – 1 female ( BMNH). No data: 3 males ( MACN – Hermann Burmeister coll.).

Figures

Figure 5. Updated distribution of the six species of Gromphas.

Figure 6. Phylogeny of Gromphas. Above: Cladogram showing the phylogenetic relationship of the species of Gromphas and the evolution of their characters. Black circles indicate uncontroverted synapormorphies; white circles with black margin, controverted synapomorphies; red circles, ambiguous uncontroverted synapomorphies; and white circles with red margin, ambiguous controverted synapomorphies. Below: Support values given for each clade are decay index (above branch) and bootstrap (below branch).