Opopaea furcula, Tong, Yanfeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2010

Tong, Yanfeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2010, The Goblin Spiders of the Genus Opopaea (Araneae, Oonopidae) in Hainan Island, China, Zootaxa 2327, pp. 23-43 : 30

Opopaea furcula sp. nov.

Figs 1E, O , 4 , 10

Type material: Holotype ( IZCAS Ar 19312) male, 10 male and 42 female paratypes, CHINA: Hainan, Bawangling National Natural Reserve (19°01.952´N, 109°06.147´E), 698 m a.s.l., 29 July 2007, S. Li leg. (LiSQ 118); 8 male and 7 female paratypes, CHINA: Hainan, Bawangling National Natural Reserve (19°04.871´N, 109°07.395´E), Yajia Bawangling Convention Center, 654 m a.s.l., 27 July 2007, S. Li leg. (LiSQ 106); 1 male paratype, CHINA: Hainan, Changjiang County, Bawang Town (19°06.422´N, 109°05.229´E), 216 m a.s.l., 23 July 2007, C. Wang leg. (WangCX 64); 1 male and 2 female paratypes, CHINA: Hainan, Bawangling National Natural Reserve, 5 kilometers from Dong’er Checkpoint (19°05.186´N, 109°11.803´E), 1010 m a.s.l., July 25 2007, C. Wang leg. (WangCX 82); 3 male and 3 female paratypes, CHINA: Hainan, Bawangling National Natural Reserve, Wangxia Town, 26 July 2007, C. Wang leg. (WangCX 92); 1 female paratype, CHINA: Hainan, Bawangling National Natural Reserve, Dong’er Checkpoint (19°05.94´N, 109°10.520´E), 1004 m a.s.l., 30 July 2007, C. Wang leg. (WangCX 112); 1 female paratype, CHINA: Hainan, Bawangling National Natural Reserve, Dong’er Checkpoint, 24 July 2007; 1 female paratype, CHINA: Hainan, Bawangling National Natural Reserve, Dongsi Checkpoint; 3 female paratypes, CHINA: Hainan, Jianfengling National Natural Reserve, Huxiaolongyin Scenic Area (18°45.159´N, 108°54.604´E), 900 m a.s.l., 20 July 2007, C. Wang leg. (WangCX 50); 5 male and 5 female paratypes, CHINA: Hainan, Wuzhishan National Natural Reserve, Tropical forest, 7 August 2007, S. Li leg. (LiSQ 160). All specimens deposited in IZCAS.

Etymology: The specific name comes from Latin, furcula = small fork, referring to the fork-shaped sclerite of female vulva.

Diagnosis: The new species is similar to O. media Song & Xu, 1984 , but can be distinguished by the shape of female postgynal depression, which is smooth at posterior edge and not bow-shaped as in O. media , by the presence of a small parmula in female epigastric area, by the longer and narrower palpal patella in male and the smaller body size in both sexes.

Description: Male (holotype) (IZCAS Ar 19312). Yellowish brown species with yellow legs. Body length 1.18; carapace 0.55 long, 0.45 wide; abdomen 0.68 long, 0.45 wide. Habitus as in Figs 1E, O . Carapace sides with longitudinal streaks; dorsal area smooth with some hairs at lateral edges. Eyes six, well developed, ALE largest, PLE smallest; posterior eye row straight from above; ALE separated by more than their radius, ALE-PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PME touching throughout most of their length, PLE-PME separated by less than PME radius ( Fig. 4E ). Clypeus margin unmodified, clypeus height about 2.6 times of ALE diameter. Sternum longer than wide, uniform, fused to carapace; radial furrows present between coxae I- II, II-III, III-IV, with rows of small pits; surface smooth, without pits, microsculpture only in furrows. Anterior end of endites with a small, sharply pointed projection. Legs short, thick and spineless. Measurements of legs: I 1.07 (0.34, 0.18, 0.21, 0.21, 0.13); II 0.96 (0.29, 0.18, 0.18, 0.18, 0.13); III 0.77 (0.24, 0.13, 0.16, 0.13, 0.11); IV 1.15 (0.34, 0.18, 0.26, 0.21, 0.16). Leg formula: 4>1>2>3. Abdominal dorsal scutum strongly sclerotized, smooth, covering full length of abdomen. Book lung covers large, ovoid, without setae. Pedicel tube short, ribbed, with small, dorsolateral, triangular extensions, scuto-pedicel region with paired curved scutal ridges ( Fig. 4D ), scutum not extending far dorsal of pedicel. Sperm pore small; posteriorly directed apodemes present. Colulus very small, with two short setae; spinneret scutum present, incomplete ring. Supra-anal scutum absent. Patella of palp greatly enlarged and swollen, attached to femur medially; cymbium completely fused to bulb without suture line; embolus ear-shaped in profile ( Figs 4A–C , 10E ).

Female. As in male except as noted. Body length 1.45; carapace 0.55 long, 0.42 wide; abdomen 0.74 long, 0.53 wide. Endites without projections. Clypeus height slightly longer than ALE diameter. Measurements of legs: I 1.01 (0.32, 0.18, 0.21, 0.18, 0.12); II 0.94 (0.29, 0.18, 0.18, 0.18, 0.11); III 0.74 (0.24, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.11); IV 1.10 (0.34, 0.18, 0.24, 0.21, 0.13). Postgynal depression of epigastric area shallow; parmula small ( Fig. 4G ). Vulva with a short, fork-shaped sclerite, situated near epigastric furrow ( Fig. 4F ).

Distribution: Known only from the type locality ( Map 2 ).

Figures

MAP 2. Distribution of six Opopaea species in China.

FIGURES 1 A – U. Opopaea cornuta Yin & Wang, 1984 (B, K); Opopaea deserticola Simon, 1891 (Q, S, T); Opopaea diaoluoshan sp. nov. (C, H, I); Opopaea furcula sp. nov. (E, O); Opopaea gibbifera Tong & Li, 2008 (D, L); Opopaea sanya sp. nov. (F, M); Opopaea sauteri Brignoli, 1974 (G, N, P, R, U) and Opopaea vitrispina sp. nov. (A, J). A – G. Male habitus, dorsal view; H. Male abdomen, ventral view; I – O. Male habitus, lateral view; P, Q. Male left palp, prolateral view; R, S. Female genitalia, ventral view; T, U. Female carapace, dorsal view.

FIGURES 4 A – G. Opopaea furcula sp. nov. A. Male left palp, prolateral view; B. Male embolus, frontal view; C. Male left palp, retrolateral view; D. Female scutopetiolar apparatus, anteroventral view; E. Female carapace, dorsal view; F. Vulva, dorsal view; G. Female postgynum, ventral view. Scale lines: A, C, D = 0.1 mm; B, F, G = 0.05 mm; E = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 10 A – H. Opopaea furcula sp. nov., left male palp, SEM. A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view; C. Bulb, prolateral view; D. Bulb, retrolateral view; E. Embolus, prolateral view; F. Embolus, retrolateral view; G. Tip of embolus, prolateral view; H. Tip of embolus, retrolateral view.