Paramblynotus minutus, Liu, Zhiwei, Ronquist, Fredrik & Nordlander, Göran, 2007

Liu, Zhiwei, Ronquist, Fredrik & Nordlander, Göran, 2007, The Cynipoid Genus Paramblynotus: Revision, Phylogeny, And Historical Biogeography (Hymenoptera: Liopteridae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2007 (304), pp. 1-151 : 72-73

Paramblynotus minutus , new species

FEMALE: Length 2.4 mm. Head and mesosoma black and metasoma and hindlegs dark brown. Antennae yellow and darker toward apex. Fore- and middle legs brown to yellow brown. Forewing with a wide ferruginous band across middle third and clear both basally and distally.

Antenna 13-segmented; flagellum gradually expanded apically; median flagellomeres not constricted. Vertex foveate-rugulose, with longitudinal carinate component. Eye prominent, distinctly extended laterally beyond outer margin of gena. Distance between posterior ocelli nearly 4.5 times as wide as the distance between posterior ocellus and eye. Ocellar plate not raised, not defined laterally by carina, finely rugose and somewhat radiating anteriorly and foveate posterior to anterior ocellus; median frontal carina distinct to upper margin of antennal sockets; short transverse costae present on both sides of median frontal carina. Upper face, including antennal scrobe, coarsely coriarious with sparse superficial foveae; antennal scrobe defined by carina laterally. Lower face foveate-reticulate, superficially carinate laterally. Anterior tentorial pits conspicuous. Clypeo-pleurostomal sulcus and epistomal sulcus indistinct. Clypeus glabrate with a few longitudinal carinae. Gena imbricate with sparse foveae. Lateral occipital carina reaching vertex. Occiput glabrous.

Anterior flange of pronotum glabrous. Anterior plate of pronotum densely punctate with punctures set in rows. Pronotum dorsomedially not distinctly raised; pronotal crest medially not raised into a process. Lateral pronotal carina distinct, reaching pronotal crest dorsomedially. Lateral surface of pronotum foveate-reticulate. Dorsal pronotal area reaching end of posterior margin of pronotum and with closely arranged punctures in a single row. Mesoscutum distinctly arched dorsally, and foveate-re- ticulate with distinct transverse carinate component. Scutellar sulcus divided by a single median longitudinal carina; mesoscutellum foveate-reticulate; posterior margin truncate in dorsal view. Mesopleural triangle ventrally well defined by a somewhat sinuated carina and with conspicuous white pubescence. Median mesopleural longitudinal impression percurrent, conspicuously broadened posteriorly, and areolate-reticulate structure; speculum longitudinally carinate; upper mesopleuron glabrate, relatively small because of the expansion of the longitudinal impression, and with sparse punctures. Lower mesopleuron glabrous and pubescent ventrally. Metepisternum depressed in upper part, posteromedially elevated and glabrate, and ventrally with sparse pubescence in a depressed pocket bordered posteriorly by foveae lined in an arch. Propodeum areolate-reticulate; lateral propodeal carina distinct anteriorly, medially disrupted by a large fovea. Median propodeal area glabrate with a complete median longitudinal carina crossed by a transverse carina, and posteriorly also with extra carinae parallel to the median one. Nucha glabrous. Rs+M of forewing nebulous, arising from close to posterior end of basal vein. Marginal cell 2.4 times as long as wide, and 1.2 times as long as submarginal cell. Bulla on Sc+R 1 absent.

Abdominal petiole 0.8 times as long as wide in lateral view. Relative length of T3–8: 1.3:1.0:2.2:0.8:0.0:0.1; T3–4 glabrous; T5 glabrous anteriorly and very finely, sparsely punctate posteriorly; T6 finely punctate; T8 slightly visible. All legs sparsely punctate with pubescence except metacoxa dorsally glabrous and metatibia and metatarsomeres densely pubescent. 1mt/ 2–5mt 5 0.7.

MALE: Unknown.

The species is different from all othe other species of the P. immaculatus clade by the conspicuously broadened median mesopleural impression and the surface sculpture of the impression.

TYPE MATERIAL: HOLOTYPE: ♀, South Africa: Port St. John (Pondoland), 1924-I, R.E. Turner coll. ( NHM).

DISTRIBUTION: South Africa: Port St. John.

ETYMOLOGY: From Latin, minutus , small. The name describes the small size of the species.

APEOSUS GROUP

Both species of the apeosus group described here are from the Far East Russia.

DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: Body size medium. Antenna filiform; median flagellomeres not constricted. Female antenna 13- segmented with F1 distinctly shorter than F2. All flagellomeres with placodes; placodes short, not as long as the flagellomeres, and densely distributed on each medial to distal flagellomere. Distance between posterior ocelli about as wide as distance between posterior ocellus and eye. Median frontal carina only weakly present between antennal sockets or extending shortly into lower face. Occiput longitudinally carinate. Submedian depressions of pronotum separated medially. Lateral pronotal carinae reaching pronotal crest dorsomedially. Lateral surfaces of pronotum foveate-reticulate, with secondary punctures, and medially separated by the less sculptured anterior pronotal plate. Pronotal crest not raised dorsomedially. Mesoscutum mostly flat and bent anteriorly in lateral view, and dorsally foveate-reticulate with more or less distinct, secondary transverse carinae. Mesoscutellum foveate-reticulate and sloped posteriorly. Scutellar sulcus is divided into two foveae by the median longitudinal carina, with or without somewhat weaker, submedian longitudinal carinae. Axillar area without conspicuous hair tuft. Upper mesopleural area glabrous. Median mesopleural impression narrow with many vertical carinae, posteriorly curved downwardsand continuous with a vertical impression along posterior margin of lower mesopleuron. Metepisternum alveolate above and pubescent below. First metatarsomere without apical protuberance. T7 of female not curved dorsolaterally at posterior margin, T8 entirely covered. Terga 6–8 with sparse coarse punctures with hairs. Male unknown.