Camillina bonaldoi, Xavier & Ott & Saturnino, 2020

Xavier, Cláudia, Ott, Ricardo & Saturnino, Regiane, 2020, Three new species of Camillina Berland, 1919 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 4802 (3), pp. 502-518 : 514-517

Camillina bonaldoi sp. nov.

Figs 15–21 ; 50–63 ; 68–72 .

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F1F6582F-DED4-448D-924C-1AA4EDB14345

Type material. Holotype 1♂ ( MPEG 31040 ) from Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades , 04°05’57.5”S 41°43’07”W, Piracuruca, Piauí, Brazil, 26.I.2007, L.S. Carvalho, M. T. L. Avelino & M.P. Albuquerque leg. Paratypes: same locality as the holotype, 1♀ ( MPEG 31041 ), 26.I.2007; 1♂ ( IBSP 250388 ), 06.XII.2006, pitfall traps; 04°05’56.3”S 41°05’56.3”W, 1♀ ( IBSP 250387 ), 13.XII.2006, winkler extractors; 04°05’57.5”S 41°43’0.7”W, 1♀ ( MNRJ 7686 ), 15.XII.2006, winkler extractors; all previous specimens were collected by L.S. Carvalho, D.F. Candiani & N.F. Lo- Man-Hung; 1♂ ( MNRJ 7685 ), 24.VI.2007, winkler extractors; 1♀ ( MPEG 31047 ), 24.I.2007, winkler extractors; 1♀ and 1♂ ( CHNUFPI 3397 ), 24.I.2007, pitfall traps; 04°05’57.5”S 41°43’0.7”W, 1♂ ( MPEG 31052 ), 26.I.2007, pitfall traps; 04°05’39.9’’S 41°43’53.3’’W, 1♂ ( MPEG 31053 ), 26.I.2007, pitfall traps; 04°05’57.5”S 41°43’0.7”W, 1♂ ( MPEG 31055 ), 26.I.2007, pitfall traps; all previous specimens were collected by L.S. Carvalho, M. T. L.Avelino & M.P. Albuquerque; José de Freitas , Fazenda Nazareth, 04°47’58.1’’S 42°37’48.8’’W, 1♂ ( MPEG 31060 ), no date .

Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronymic in honor to the arachnologist Alexandre B. Bonaldo, in recognition of the importance of his contributions to spider systematics in South America.

Diagnosis. Males of Camillina bonaldoi are similar to C. chilensis (Simon, 1902) , C. kochalkai Platnick & Murphy, 1987 , C. madrejon Platnick & Murphy, 1987 , C. cui Platnick & Murphy, 1987 and C. cordoba Platnick & Murphy, 1987 , due to the long, filiform and coiled embolus, but differ by the helical shape of the embolus ( Figs 17–19 ; 58–61 ). Females resemble those of C. caldas Platnick & Shadab, 1982 by the copulatory ducts forming a curve over the primary spermathecae but differ due to median notch on the posterior median field margin ( Figs. 20–21 , 62–63 ). In C. caldas the border of the median field is slightly curved in the ventral view (see Platnick & Shadab, 1982: fig. 65).

Description. Male (Holotype). Carapace pale brown with some darker stripes which are convergent and not continuous in the direction of the thoracic groove ( Fig. 15 ); thoracic groove brown ( Fig. 15 ); chelicerae pale brown ( Fig. 15 ) with brown fangs. Endites pale brown with apex pale yellow. Labium brown. Sternum pale brown with dark brown margins. Trochanters, coxae and femora pale brown; patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi mostly brown, with orange parts. Abdomen dark gray with two greyish spots, scutum brown, ventral part of abdomen mostly whitish, region above to the epigastric groove pale brown. Epigastric area pale brown. Two circular white spots close to the spinnerets. Carapace suboval, cephalic region narrower, and posterior region truncate ( Fig. 15 ). Sternum longer than wide. Labium longer than wide. Abdomen elliptical, longer than wide, with subtriangular scutum covering the anterior portion. Preening comb on metatarsi III and IV. Total length, not including spinnerets, 3.80. Carapace 1.57 long, 1.17 wide, 0.42 high. Abdomen 1.76 long, 1.11 wide, 1.11 high, micro granulated and bristly, with bristles larger on the anterior margin. Clypeus low, 0.05. Eye sizes: AME 0.10, ALE 0.08, PME 0.11, PLE 0.08, MOQ 0.25 length, 0.16 anterior width, 0.20 posterior width. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.02, AME–ALE 0.01, PME– PME 0.01, PME–PLE 0.01, AME–PME 0.04, ALE–PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 0.40 long, 0.19 wide, with three teeth on the promarginal furrow and three on the retromarginal furrow ( Fig. 52 ). Leg measurements: I 4.00 (1.17, 0.60, 0.95, 0.72, 0.57); II 3.43 (0.93, 0.55, 0.79, 0.65, 0.50); III 3.10 (0.84, 0.48, 0.73, 0.63, 0.42); IV 4.64 (1.19, 0.72, 1.05, 1.14, 0.53). Leg formula IV-I-II-III. Leg spination: Leg I – femur d 1-1-0, p 0-0-1, r 0, v 0; tibia d 0, p 0, r 0, v 0; metatarsus d 0, p 0, r 0, v 0. II – femur d 1-1-0, p 0, r 0, v 0; tibia d 0, p 0, r 0, v 0; metatarsus d 0, p 0, r 0, v 2-0-0. III – femur d 1-1-0, p d1-d1-0, r d1-d1-0; tibia d0, p 2-1, r 1-1, v 1-2-2; metatarsus d 0, p 1-2-2, r 1-1-2, v 2-0-0. IV – femur d 1-1-0, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1; tibia d 0, p 1-1, r 1-1, v 2-2-2; metatarsus d 0, p 1-2-2, r 1-2-1, v 0-2-2. Palp: Tibia as long as wide, a little smaller on the proximal margin, with a small extension on the apical prolateral margin; RTA almost the same size of tibia, pointed apically, flattened in the subquadrangular apex; spermophore extended on the tegulum basis with a prolateral C-shaped curve almost reaching the middle of tegulum.

Female (Paratype Piracuruca municipality, Piauí, Brazil; MPEG 31041). Coloration as in male, except when noted. Patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi I mostly dark brown, with orange parts; patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi II, III, and IV mostly brown, with orange parts. Shape of sternum, labium ( Fig. 53 ) and abdomen as in male, except for the absence of scutum in the abdomen. Preening comb on metatarsi III and IV ( Fig. 55 ). Epigastric area pale brown. Abdomen white close to the spinnerets. Total length, not including spinnerets, 3.95. Carapace 1.52 long, 1.16 wide, 0.33 high, micro granulated and bristly, bristles larger on the clypeus. Abdomen 2.01 long, 1.22 wide, 1.18 high, micro granulated and bristly, with bristles larger on the anterior margin. Clypeus low 0.04. Eye sizes: AME 0.07, ALE 0.07, PME 0.09, PLE 0.07, MOQ 0.24 length, 0.16 anterior width, 0.18 posterior width. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.01, PME–PME 0.01, PME–PLE 0.03, AME–PME 0.08, ALE–PLE 0.03. Chelicerae 0.56 long, 0.24 wide, with four teeth on the promarginal furrow and three on the retromarginal furrow. Leg measurements: I 3.93 (1.18, 0.68, 0.84, 0.71, 0.53); II 3.32 (1.00, 0.58, 0.70, 0.57, 0.47); III 2.80 (0.81, 0.43, 0.58, 0.55, 0.44); IV 4.32 (1.23, 0.49, 1.11, 0.93, 0.57). Leg formula IV-I-II-III. Leg spination: Leg I—femur 1-1-0, p 0-0-1, r 0, v 0; tibia d 0, p 0, r 0, v 0; metatarsus d 0, p 0, r 0, v 0. II—femur d 1-1-0, p 0, r 0, v 0; tibia d 0, p 0, r 0, v 0; metatarsus d 0, p 0, r 0, v 2-0-0. III—femur d 1-1-0, p 0-d1-d1, r 0-0-1, v 0; patella r d1; tibia d 0, p 2-1, r 1-1, v 2-2-2; metatarsus d 0, p 1-2-2, r 1-1-2, v 2-2-0. IV—femur d 1-1-0, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1; tibia d 0, p 1-1, r 1-1, v 2-2- 2; metatarsus d 0, p 1-2-2, r 1-2-1, v 2-2-0. Epigynum: Anterior margin with two large lobes; median field large on the anterior margin, with a median notch; short copulatory ducts arranged inclined to the posterior margin; primary spermathecae robust and globular, close to the median field.

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Piauí: 1♀, Piracuruca, Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades , 04°05’57.5”S 41°43’07”W, no date ( MPEG 31059 ) ; 1♀, 26.I.2007 ( MPEG 31056 ), pitfall traps ; 1♂, 04°05’56.3”S 41°05’56.3”W, 26.I.2007 ( MPEG 31049 ), pitfall traps; all previous specimens were collected by L.S. Carvalho, M. T .L. Avelino & M.P. Albuquerque and were used in SEM sample.

Variation. Length (7♂) total 3.17–3.98, carapace 1.37–1.69, femur I 1.01–1.28; (5♀) total 4.02–4.62, carapace 1.48–1.70, femur I 1.08–1.34.

Distribution. Northern State of Piauí, Brazil.

Life history and habitat preferences. This species was collected in two localities in the Piauí State, Brazil: Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades (Piracuruca municipality, northeastern) and Fazenda Nazareth (José de Freitas municipality, northern). In these areas the predominant vegetation is the “Cerrado”, which is the richest and most threatened savanna in the world ( Silva et al., 2002). It consists of a complex of vegetation formations that have been classified based on their woody biomass and pure grasslands ( Vieira et al., 2019).

Figures

FIGURES 15–21. Camillina bonaldoi sp. nov.: 15, 17–19 Male; 16, 20, 21 Female. 15 Dorsal view; 16 Dorsal view; 17 Palp, prolateral view; 18 Palp, ventral view; 19 Palp, retrolateral view; 20 Epigynum, ventral view; 21 Epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cd—copulatory ducts, cy—cymbium, e—embolus, ep—epigynal plate, ma—median apophysis, rta—retrolateral tibial apophysis, S1—primary spermathecae, st—subtegulum, ta—terminal apophysis.

FIGURES 50–57. Camillina bonaldoi sp. nov.: 50, 51, 54, 56 Male; 52, 53, 55, 57 Female. 50 Carapace, dorsal view; 51 Carapace and chelicerae, dorsal view; 52 Chelicerae claw, apical view; 53 Endites, ventral view; 54 Epigastric furrow, ventral view (arrows); 55 Preening comb (arrow) on metatarsus III, ventral view; 56 Leg tarsal trichobothria (arrow), dorsal view; 57 Leg claws (arrow), lateral view. Abbreviations: ed—endites, l—labium.

FIGURES 58–63. Camillina bonaldoi sp. nov.: 58–61 Male palp: 58 Ventral view; 59 Embolus detail, ventral view; 60 Retrolateral tibial apophysis (arrow); 61 Retrolateral view; 62–63 Female epigynum: 62 Ventral view; 63 Dorsal view.Abbreviations: cd—copulatory ducts, e—embolus, fd—fertilization ducts, ma—median apophysis, S1—primary spermathecae, S2—secondary spermathecae, st—subtegulum, te—tegulum.

FIGURES 64–71. Camillina spp. spinnerets: 64–66 Camillina suya sp. nov.; 67 Camillina kuarup sp. nov.: 68–71 Camillina bonaldoi sp. nov. Abbreviations: AC—aciniform gland spigots, ALS—anterior lateral spinnerets, MiAm—minor ampullate gland spigots, PI—piriform gland spigots, PLS—posterior lateral spinnerets, PMS—posterior median spinnerets, TA—tartipores, TBA—anal tubercle.

FIGURE 72. Distribution map of the new species of Camillina. White dots—C. suya sp. nov.; Black dots—C. kuarup sp. nov.; Red dots—C. bonaldoi sp. nov.