Turdus Hauxwelli Lawrence

Mary, Croy, History, Bulletin Of The American Museum Of Natural, At, Central Park West, Street, Th, York, New & Ny, 2005, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 6. Passeriformes: Prunellidae, Turdidae, Orthonychidae, Timaliidae, Paradoxornithidae, Picathartidae, And Polioptilidae, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2005 (292), pp. 1-132 : 52-54

Turdus Hauxwelli Lawrence

Turdus Hauxwelli Lawrence, 1869: 265 (Pebas, Peru).

Now Turdus hauxwelli Lawrence, 1869 . See Clement, 2000: 428.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 156655 , male, collect­ ed at Pebas , 038209S, 718499W ( Stephens and Traylor, 1983: 161), Loreto, Peru, on 3 October 1868, by John Hauxwell. From Vassar College Museum, Poughkeepsie, New York.

COMMENTS: The type specimen no longer bears the collector’s label, and the above information is cited from the original description. The specimen was collected by Hauxwell and sent to Vassar’s Professor James Orton. There was apparently a single specimen.

This holotype was in a group of type specimens held by Vassar and sent for deposit in AMNH in 1921. It was apparently cataloged at that time. In 1965 these types were donated to AMNH (see Vassar College correspondence in Archives, Division of Ornithology, AMNH).

The extreme tip of the upper mandible of the holotype is broken off. It was formerly mounted and has glass eyes but is in good condition, with no sign of fading. A single label, written by Lawrence, was on the specimen when it came to AMNH—on one side ‘‘1. Turdus hauxwelli, Lawr. , Type’’, and on the reverse ‘‘Vassar College Museum. Inside of wings but little cinnamomeus’’. In addition, there are the AMNH label with the catalog number and the AMNH type label.

Ridgely and Tudor (1989: 125) and Clement (2000: 428) considered T. hauxwelli monotypic; Ripley (1964: 219) included colombianus as a subspecies of T. hauxwelli . Snow (1985) tentatively considered hauxwelli conspecific with T. fumigatus .

Turdus grayi umbrinus Griscom Turdus grayi umbrinus Griscom, 1930: 5 (Finca

El Cipres (2300 ft.,), near Mazatenango, Pacific

slope, Guatemala).

Now Turdus grayi umbrinus Griscom, 1930 . See

Clement, 2000: 429.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 396280 , adult female, collected at Finca El Cipres , near Mazatenango, 148319N, 918309W (Times Atlas), Guatemala, on 24–25 July 1924, by Alfred W. Anthony (no. 440). From the Dwight Collection (no. 58125).

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was cited in the original description. Griscom (1932: 305) listed his 30 specimens, presumably including the type. However, there were apparently 30 paratypes: AMNH 396281–396298 and 399240–399243. Griscom retained for MCZ the following paratypes that were not cataloged at AMNH: Dwight nos. 56359, 56362, 61121, 61125, 61127, 61130, 64103, and 64105 (Archives, Division of Ornithology, AMNH).

Griscom (1932: 12) described Finca El Cipres as ‘‘A coffee plantation, some nine miles from Mazatenango, on the Pacific slope. This station was at the base of the Volcan Zunil, altitude about 2000 feet.’’

Turdus grayi megas Miller and Griscom Turdus grayi megas Miller and Griscom, 1925: 3

(Matagalpa, Nicaragua (alt. 2200 ft. )).

Now Turdus grayi grayi Bonaparte, 1838 . See

Ripley, 1964: 220, and Clement, 2000: 429.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 101371 , adult male, collected at Matagalpa, 128529N, 858589W (Times Atlas), Nicaragua, on 22 March 1907, by William B. Richardson.

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was cited in the original description. Miller and Griscom listed 12 specimens in their type series. The 11 paratypes are: AMNH 102955–102957, 144402–144406, and 423546–423548.

Turdus grayi lanyoni Dickerman Turdus grayi lanyoni Dickerman, 1981: 287 ([San

Andres] Tuxtla Mountains, 0.5 km west of Cer­

ro Balzapote, Veracruz, Mexico).

Now Turdus grayi lanyoni Dickerman,1981 . See

Phillips, 1991: 67, and Dickinson, 2003: 671.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 824182 , adult male, collected in the [San Andrés] Tuxtla Mountains , 0.5 km W of Cerro Balzapote, Veracruz, Mexico, on 8 November 1974, by Mario A. Ramos (MEX­5422) and prepared by Richard J. Oehlenschlager. Received on exchange from the Bell Museum of Natural History, University of Minnesota (no. 32355).

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was cited in the original description. Dickerman (1981: 287) gave a broad range for this subspecies but no details concerning paratypes. An immature male from the same locality, received from the Bell Museum at the same time, is certainly a paratype. Clement (2000: 429) did not mention this subspecies.

San Andrés Tuxtla is at 188289N, 958159W (Times Atlas).

Turdus assimilis renominatus Miller and Griscom

Turdus assimilis renominatus Miller and Griscom,

1925: 10 (Juan Lisiarraga Mt., (alt. 5500 ft.),

Southern Sinaloa, Mexico).

Now Turdus assimilis lygrus Oberholser, 1921 .

See Clement, 2000: 434.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 91949 , adult male, collected on Juan Lisiarraga Mountain , 5500 ft, southern Sinaloa, Mexico, on 27April 1904, by Joseph H. Batty.

COMMENTS: Miller and Griscom apparently only intended to provide a new name for ‘‘ Planesticus tristis tristis of recent authors, not Swainson’’. However, they gave characters by which their form could be recognized and designated a type with the above AMNH number. This has been accepted as a valid description of a subspecies, usually placed in the synonymy of Turdus assimilis lygrus . However, Phillips (1991: 61) recognized it as a valid subspecies of T. phaeopygus . Ripley (1964: 222–224) considered Turdus albicollis and T. assimilis conspecific.

Miller and Griscom (1925:10) listed 33 specimens in their type series but noted ( Miller and Griscom, 1925: 1) that they had borrowed specimens from a number of museums. Paratypes in AMNH are: AMNH 36795, 36796, 91946–91948, 91950–91954, and 105170–105180.

Turdus assimilis atrotinctus Miller and Griscom

Turdus assimilis atrotinctus Miller and Griscom, 1925: 12 (Tuma, Matagalpa, Nicaragua).

Now Turdus assimilis atrotinctus Miller and Griscom, 1925 . See Clement, 2000: 434–435.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 102604 , adult male, collected at Tuma , Matagalpa, Nicaragua, on 28 November 1907, by William B. Richardson.

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was given in the original description. Miller and Griscom (1925: 12) listed seven paratypes: AMNH 101370, 102954, 103188– 103190, 103429, and 103627. Specimens collected by Richardson that came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection are not paratypes.

Allen (1910: 87–88) gave information about Richardson’s collecting localities based on a sketch map supplied by Richardson, which I have not been able to find. According to Allen, Tuma was at 1000 ft on the east slope of the northern highlands.

Ripley (1964: 223) considered T. assimilis conspecific with T. albicollis .

Planesticus tristis panamensis Griscom Planesticus tristis panamensis Griscom, 1924a: 7

(Cerro Flores, alt. 4000 ft., eastern Chiriqui,

Panama).

Now Turdus assimilis cnephosus (Bangs, 1902) .

See Hellmayr, 1934: 365, and Clement, 2000:

434–435.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 182915 , adult male, collected on Cerro Flores, 3600 ft (label information), eastern Chiriqui, Panama, on 5 March 1924, by Ludlow Griscom, Rudyard Boulton and others (no. 45).

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was cited in the original description, with eight paratypes noted, all from Cerro Flores: AMNH 182917–182923 and 182927.

For a discussion of the location of Cerro Flores, see Catharus gracilirostris bensoni . Ripley (1964: 223) considered T. assimilis conspecific with T. albicollis .

Turdus assimilis coibensis Eisenmann

Turdus assimilis coibensis Eisenmann, 1950: 366 (Coiba I., Veraguas, Panama´).

Now Turdus assimilis coibensis Eisenmann, 1950 . See Clement, 2000: 434–435.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 503415 , adult female, collected on Coiba I., 078279N, 818459W ( USBGN, 1969), Veraguas, Panama, on 20 April 1901, by Joseph H. Batty. From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was cited in the original description, as was a single paratype: AMNH 503414.

Ripley (1964: 223) considered T. assimilis conspecific with T. albicollis .

Turdus crotopezus contemptus Hellmayr

Turdus crotopezus contemptus Hellmayr, 1902: 61 (Bueyes) .

Now Turdus albicollis contemptus Hellmayr, 1902 . See Clement, 2000: 436–437.

SYNTYPE: AMNH 503405, adult female, collected at Bueyes (Santa Cruz), Bolivia, on 21 April 1890, by Gustav Garlepp. From the Nehrkorn Collection (no. 3594) via the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: Hartert (1920: 476) recorded this specimen as a ‘‘cotype’’. It is the only specimen of this taxon that came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection. The male syntype from the Berlepsch Collection is in SMF ( Hellmayr, 1934: 368).

Paynter (1992: 15) was not able to find Bueyes. On the Garlepp label of the above syntype, Santa Cruz appears in parentheses and Hellmayr (1934: 368) gave this as Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Paynter (1992: 133) identified it as Santa Cruz, Departamento de Santa Cruz, with coordinates 178489S, 638109W.