Geocichla dohertyi Hartert

Mary, Croy, History, Bulletin Of The American Museum Of Natural, At, Central Park West, Street, Th, York, New & Ny, 2005, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 6. Passeriformes: Prunellidae, Turdidae, Orthonychidae, Timaliidae, Paradoxornithidae, Picathartidae, And Polioptilidae, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2005 (292), pp. 1-132 : 32-36

Geocichla dohertyi Hartert

Geocichla dohertyi Hartert, 1896d: 555 (Lombok) .

Now Zoothera dohertyi (Hartert, 1896) . See White and Bruce, 1986: 332–333, and Clement, 2000: 225.

LECTOTYPE: AMNH 576282 , adult male, collected on Lombok I., 5000 ft, 088459S, 1168309E ( USBGN, 1982b), Indonesia, in June 1896, by William Doherty. From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: In the original description, Hartert did not indicate how many specimens he examined, but described males, females, and young and indicated that Lombok was the type locality. Hartert (1920: 476) later listed as lectotype an adult male collected on Lombok at 5000 ft in June 1896. AMNH 576282 , the specimen with the Rothschild type label, is the only specimen in the type series that bears these data. Paralectotypes in AMNH are: (1) those collected on Lombok I. in June 1896: AMNH 576283 , immature male, 5000 ft ; AMNH 576284 , adult male, 3000 ft ; AMNH 576285 , adult male, 4000 ft ; AMNH 576286 , immature female, 4000 ft ; and (2) those collected at Tambora, 3000 ft, Sumbawa I. in April–May 1896 ( Hartert, 1896e: 566): AMNH 576295 , female ; AMNH 576296 , immature female ; AMNH 576297 , adult female. All were collected by William Doherty ; specimens collected by Alfred Everett on Lombok in June and July 1896 were received later and were not part of the type series ( Hartert, 1896f: 591) .

This species was illustrated on plate 11, figure 3, in the original description ( Hartert, 1896d).

Geocichla audacis Hartert

Geocichla audacis Hartert, 1899a: 43 (Dammar Island, in the south of the Banda Sea).

Now Zoothera peronii audacis (Hartert, 1899) . See Hartert, 1920: 476, White and Bruce, 1986: 333, and Clement, 2000: 228–229.

LECTOTYPE: AMNH 576396 , adult male, collected at Wulur , 078099S, 1288399E (Times Atlas), Damar Island , Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, on 4 November 1898, by Heinrich Kühn (no. 983). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: In the original description the number of specimens examined was not indicated, although both male and female were described; no type was designated. Hartert (1920: 476) designated the above specimen the lectotype by giving Kühn’s unique field number. Eight additional specimens in AMNH, collected by Kühn at Wulur in October–December 1898, are paralectotypes: AMNH 576394 , 576395 , 576397–576402 .

Turdus citrina amadoni Biswas

Turdus citrina amadoni Biswas, 1951: 661 (Chanda, Chanda district, Central Provinces).

Now Zoothera citrina cyanota (Jardine and Selby, 1828) . See Ripley, 1964: 147, Ali and Ripley, 1998: 91, Clement, 2000: 230–231, and Dickinson, 2003: 660.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 576384 , adult male, collected at Chanda , 198589N, 798219E (Times Atlas), Maharashtra, India, on 10 April 1867, by Henry J. Elwes. From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was given in the original description. Biswas based his description on six males and three females from the Central Provinces, Orissa, and northeastern Madras Prov­ ince. None of these specimens, other than the holotype, is in the AMNH collections.

David and Gosselin (2002a: 29) noted that usage treats such names as cyanota as latinized adjectives, not as nouns in apposition, and as such must agree in gender with the name of the genus.

Turdus citrinus aurimacula Hartert Turdus citrinus aurimacula Hartert, 1910c: 236

(Hoihow).

Now Zoothera citrinus aurimacula (Hartert,

1910). See Clement, 2000: 230.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 576450 , adult male, collected at Hai­k’ou (5 Hoihow), 208059N, 1108259E (Times Atlas), Hainan Island , China, on 13 March 1902, by Zensaku Katsumata for Alan Owston. From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: In the original description, Hartert designated as the type a male from Hoihow collected on 13 March 1902. He list­ ed 11 specimens in his type series, only one of which was collected at Hoihow, but the 1903 date given in the list was incorrect. The number ‘‘40’’ or ‘‘40B’’ appears on the field label of each of these specimens and does not represent a unique number for each specimen. Of the 10 paratypes, nine came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection: AMNH 576451–576459. One male from Mt. Wuchi, collected in November 1906, did not come to AMNH.

Geocichla major Ogawa

Geocichla major Ogawa, 1905: 178 (Amami­Osh­

ima).

Now Zoothera major ( Ogawa, 1905) . See Clem­

ent, 2000: 257–258, 262.

SYNTYPES: AMNH 576118 (Ogawa no. 1406, Owston no. 2), adult male, collected at Naganeyama, on 7 September 1904 ; AMNH 576122 (1252, 92), adult female, collected at Asatomura, on 27 December 1904 ; and AMNH 576123 (1411, 7), adult female, collected at Narikawayama, on 15 December 1904. All were collected by M. Osa and T. Osada on Amami­Oshima, 28 8199N, 1298259E ( Seltzer, 1962: 57), Ryukyu Islands, Japan .

COMMENTS: Ogawa (1905: 178) did not designate a type but had a type series com­ prising 10 specimens from various localities on Amami­Oshima. Hartert did not treat this taxon in any of his lists of types in the Rothschild Collection. Seven Amami­Oshima specimens came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection and are possibly syntypes. Of these, three are definitely syntypes and are the specimens listed above.

As in other cases where Ogawa had examined specimens collected by Owston’s collectors (see Merula celaenops yakushimensis for a discussion), the numbers listed by Ogawa in his description had at one time appeared on the Owston Japanese labels, written in red pencil. Three of these numbers are still legible, and all of the published data agree with the original labels. Only ‘‘Amami­Oshima’’ appears as the locality on the Owston English label, but I am grateful to Merle Okada for translating the place names written in Japanese. The data on the other four specimens also agree with the published data of four specimens, but the red numbers are either illegible or are not present. They are probably also syntypes, but it is not possible to be sure: AMNH 576119 (Owston no. 3), adult male, collected at Yamadayama, on 9 September 1904; AMNH 576120 (5), adult male, collected at Asatomura, on 11 December 1904; AMNH 576121 (4), adult male, collected at Tokuchiyama, on 11 December 1904; and AMNH 576124 (6), adult female, collected at Nakaneyama, on 10 September 1904. All were taken on Amami­Oshima by the same collectors.

E. Dickinson (personal commun.) has told me that, of the three remaining specimens, Ogawa no. 125, collected 1 January 1905, is now YIO 30642.

Hartert (1910a: 643) included major as a subspecies of Turdus dauma , and in such a combination major is preoccupied by Turdus major Brehm, 1831 . Hartert (1921–1922: 2155) provided Turdus dauma amami as a nomen novum. Usually a junior secondary homonym replaced before 1961 is permanently invalid. However, in this case major becomes available when the population is placed in Zoothera because ‘‘the substitute name is not in use and the relevant taxa are no longer considered congeneric’’ (ICZN, 1999: 62, Art. 59.3).

Turdus dauma eichhorni Rothschild and Hartert

Turdus dauma eichhorni Rothschild and Hartert, 1924: 52 (St. Matthias Island).

Now Zoothera heinei eichhorni ( Rothschild and Hartert, 1924) . See Clement, 2000: 266–267.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 576164 , adult male, collected on Mussau (5 St. Matthias) Island, 018259S, 1498409E ( USBGN, 1943), St. Matthias Islands, New Ireland Prov., Papua New Guinea, on 31 May 1923, by Albert F. Eichhorn (no. 8480). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: In the original description, Rothschild and Hartert gave Eichhorn’s unique field number of the holotype and measurements for six males and two females (including the type). Those eight specimens and a ninth considered missexed and not measured came to AMNH. The eight paratypes are: AMNH 576165–576172. Hartert (1924a: 273) said that Eichhorn had sent 11 specimens, a discrepancy I am unable to explain.

Coates (1990: 56) treated eichhorni as a subspecies of Zoothera dauma . Schodde and Mason (1999: 640–645) and Clement (2000: 257–258, 266–267) discussed various treatments of the Zoothera dauma complex of species.

Turdus dauma choiseuli Hartert Turdus dauma choiseuli Hartert, 1924a: 273

(Choiseul Island).

Now Zoothera heinei choiseuli (Hartert, 1924) .

See Clement, 2000: 266–267, and Mayr and Di­

amond, 2001: 390.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 576163 , adult female, collected on Choiseul Island , Solomon Islands, on 13 January 1904, by Albert S. Meek (no. A1148). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: The description of choiseuli was based on a single specimen, which had been listed earlier ( Rothschild and Hartert, 1905: 265) under Geocichla papuensis as a possible new subspecies. See Schodde and Mason (1999: 640–645) for a discussion of various treatments of the Zoothera dauma complex of species.

Parker (1967: 132) traced Meek’s collecting localities on Choiseul using Meek’s con­ temporary correspondence with Rothschild (now in BMNH), and information gleaned later by the AMNH Whitney South Sea Expedition (now in AMNH, Department of Ornithology Archives ). On 13–14 January 1904, Meek was collecting in the coastal lowlands west of the Tukutu (sic) River, near Taora. Parker noted that ‘‘ It was here that one of Meek’s boys shot the holotype of Zoothera dauma eichhorni [sic, error for choiseuli Hartert]... ’’. Taora is at 078249S, 1578299E ; the Tukuku River at 078259S, 1578289E ( USBGN, 1974) .

Turdus lunulatus dendyi Mathews Turdus lunulatus dendyi Mathews, 1912a: 340

(Victoria).

Now Zoothera lunulata lunulata (Latham, 1802) .

See Schodde and Mason, 1999: 644, and Clem­

ent, 2000: 264–265.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 576138 , adult male, collected at Sassafras, 378529S, 1458229E (R. Schodde, personal commun.), Victoria, Australia, on 3 September 1910. From the Mathews Collection (no. 5936) via the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: The Mathews Catalogue number was given in the original description, but with no indication of how many specimens he examined; according to his catalog, he acquired a single specimen of ‘‘ Oreocichla lunulata ’’ from [Thomas Henry] Tregellas. See Schodde and Mason (1999: 640–645) and Clement (2000: 264–265) for discussions of various taxonomic treatments.

Browning and Monroe (1991: 385–386) provided reasons for using 1802 rather than 1801 for the publication date of Zoothera l. lunulata .

Turdus talaseae Rothschild and Hartert

Turdus talaseae Rothschild and Hartert, 1926: 53 (Talasea, New Britain).

Now Zoothera talaseae talaseae ( Rothschild and Hartert, 1926) . See Coates, 1990: 57–58, Clement, 2000: 267–268, and Mayr and Diamond, 2001: 390.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 576173 , adult female, collected near Talasea (058209S, 1508059E, Papua New Guinea General Reference Map, 1984), 1900 ft, Willaumez Peninsula , West New Britain Prov., Papua New Guinea, on 12 February 1925, by Albert F. Eichhorn (no. 9920). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: A single specimen, taken from the nest, was collected by Eichhorn. For a full account of this collection, see Hartert (1926). In this publication the species name is incorrectly spelled talasea, and this spelling has been followed by various authors. See Schodde and Mason (1999: 640–643) for a discussion of species in the Zoothera dauma complex.

Turdus margaretae Mayr

Turdus margaretae Mayr, 1935: 4 ( San Cristobal,

Solomon Islands (1900 ft. )).

Now Zoothera margaretae margaretae (Mayr,

1935). See Mayr and Diamond, 2001: 390.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 228058 , adult female, collected on Makira (5 San Cristobal), 1900 ft, Solomon Islands, on 18 December 1929, by William F. Coultas, Walter J. Eyerdam, and Ernst Mayr on the Whitney South Sea Expedition (no. 38809).

COMMENTS: In the original description, Mayr cited the AMNH number of the holotype but did not say how many specimens he had. Mayr (1936a: 14) enlarged on his original description and listed an adult male and female and an immature male and female in addition to the holotype and noted that all of the specimens were collected near the village of Hunogaraha. Paratypes are AMNH 228056, 228057, 228059, and 228060. The journals of Coultas (vol. V: 233–234) and Eyerdam (vol. U: 10–11, unpublished journals of the Whitney South Sea Expedition, Archives, Department of Ornithology, AMNH) gave the location of their camp as 15 mi inland from the east coast at Kira Kira (108309S, 1618559E, Times Atlas).

Schodde and Mason (1999: 641) and Dickinson (2003: 662) treated margaretae as a subspecies of Z. talaseae .

Amalocichla sclateriana occidentalis Rand

Amalocichla sclateriana occidentalis Rand, 1940b: 1 (Lake Habbema, 9 km. northeast, altitude 2800 meters, Snow Mountains, Netherland New Guinea).

Now Amalocichla sclateriana occidentalis Rand, 1940 . See Coates, 1990: 187.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 305660 , adult male,

collected 9 km northeast of Danau (5 Lake) Habbema, ca. 048109S, 1388399E, 2800 m, Pegungan Maoke (5 Snow Mountains), Papua Prov., Indonesia, on 16 October 1938, by Richard Archbold, Austin L. Rand, and William B. Richardson on the 1938–1939 Archbold New Guinea Expedition (no. 7427).

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was given in the original description. The type series consisted of an adult male (the holotype) and paratypes AMNH 340317, immature male, AMNH 340318, female, from Lake Habbema, and AMNH 340319, adult female from the Ibele (5 Bele) River (sent to MZB on 7 May 1957).

The 1938–1939 Archbold New Guinea Expedition was a joint expedition with Netherlands Indies personnel and was known as the Nederlandisch Indisch–Amerikaansche Expeditie.

It is generally conceded that Amalocichla is not a member of the Turdidae . See Olson (1987), Sibley and Monroe (1990: 444), and Coates (1990: 187) for discussions of affinities of this genus, placed by Olson (1987) in the Acanthizidae , and by Sibley and Monroe and by Coates in the Eopsaltriidae . Bock (1994: 153, 210) showed that Petroicidae as a family name has clear priority over Eopsaltriidae .

Amalocichla incerta olivascentior Hartert Amalocichla incerta olivascentior Hartert, 1930b:

85 (Wondiwoi Mountain, 1900 m.).

Now Amalocichla incerta olivascentior Hartert,

1930. See Coates, 1990: 187.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 591941 , adult female, collected in Pegunungan Wondiwoi , 1900 m, 028409S, 1348359E ( USBGN, 1943: 267), Papua Prov., Indonesia, on 14 July 1928, by Ernst Mayr (no. 1517). From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: The description was based on the single specimen listed above. See the previous taxon for references to discussions of affinities of this genus.

Mayr (1930: 24) landed at Wasior, 028389S, 1348279E (Times Atlas), and entered the mountains from there.

Cataponera turdoides Hartert

Cataponera turdoides Hartert, 1896a: 70 (Bonthain Peak) .

Now Cataponera turdoides turdoides Hartert, 1896 . See White and Bruce, 1986: 330–331, and Clement, 2000: 273.

LECTOTYPE: AMNH 587319 , adult female, collected above Tasoso , 6000 ft, Bonthain Peak, southern Sulawesi, Indonesia, in October 1895, by collectors for Alfred Everett. From the Rothschild Collection.

COMMENTS: No type was designated in the original description, but the type series was said to comprise ‘‘several specimens from Bonthain Peak, 6000 feet and above’’. Hartert (1920: 487) designated the only adult female in the series as the lectotype. Paralectotypes are: AMNH 587320, immature female; AMNH 587321 and 587322, adult males.

The genus Cataponera was described at this time, with C. turdoides as the type species. Collar (2004b: 18–19) discussed the affinities of Cataponera .

J.M. Dumas, Everett’s assistant ( Hartert, 1896b: 150), had his headquarters at Tasoso and collected on Bonthain Peak from there. Tasoso, 4000 ft, is given as the collecting locality on the reverse of Everett’s label in what seems to be Dumas’ hand. Everett has noted the locality on the front of the label as Bonthain Peak, 6000 ft. According to Everett (in Hartert, 1896b: 149), his collectors worked mostly between 6000 and 7000 feet on Buah Kraiing, a peak near and only slightly lower than the highest peak, Lampo Batang (5 Lompobattang, 058229S, 1198589E, Times Atlas).