Apolygopsis Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002

Yasunaga, Tomohide, Schwartz, Michael D. & Chérot, Frédéric, 2018, Review of the plant bug genus Prolygus and related mirine taxa from eastern Asia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 58 (2), pp. 357-388 : 374

Apolygopsis Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002

Apolygopsis Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002: 3 (new genus), type species by original designation: Apolygopsis furvocarinatus Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002: 4 .

Diagnosis. Body oval, relatively rounded, usually small in size (3.0– 4.5 mm); basic colouration brown, red, or fuscous, not greenish; dorsal surface shining, with uniformly distributed, pale, simple, semierect setae. Head vertical; vertex carinate basally, without longitudinal sulcus; frons almost smooth; apical part of clypeus usually infuscate. Punctation on pronotal disk relatively sparse and shallow; calli often darkened. Labium reaching apex of mesocoxae. Scutellum almost flat. Metatibial spines black, prominent, stout, arising from black spots. Left paramere sensory lobe weakly developed, always lacking an associated lamellate and toothed process; hypophysis hooked and somewhat widened, with two subapical processes — one (on ventral or anterior margin) small, short, slightly curved and pointed, whereas the other (on dorsal or posterior margin) rounded. Right paramere stout, with a short, often pointed hypophysis. Endosoma with paired, long, slender spiculi originated from endosomal bottom, sheathed within a thin, basal trough-shaped sclerite, lacking any sclerite associated with secondary gonopore nor needle-shaped sclerite (sensu YASUNAGA 1991). Bursa copulatrix with sclerotized rings elongate ovoid, relatively large, connected by a transversal sclerite medially. Posterior wall lacking dorsal structure; interramal lobe small, rounded, spinulate; lateral lobe usually widened, connected by a small, protruding spinulate sclerite.

Distribution. Known from the Oriental and eastern Paleactic Regions.

Discussion. Apolygopsis Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002 and Apolygus China, 1941 are externally very similar to each other, but members of the former usually have an uniformly brownish, reddish or fuscous colouration (currently no greenish species known, cf. Fig. 86 ) and smaller-sized, more tumid body. The best characters to distinguish Apolygopsis from Apolygus are found in the male genitalia (cf. Figs 170–173 ); specifically, the apical prong of left paramere and the two long, slender, basally fused spicules sheathed within a trough-shaped sclerite are unique to Apolygopsis ( SCHWARTZ & CHÉROT 2005, YASUNAGA et al. 2002).

Figures

Figs 83–93. Habitus images of Asian species of the Lygus complex. 83–84 – Apolygopsis nigra sp. nov. (Poppius, 1915): 83 – ♁ (Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand), 84 – ♀ (Kathmandu, Nepal). 85 – Apolygopsis nigritula (Linnavuori, 1961), ♀ (Nagasaki, Japan). 86 – Apolygopsis furvocarinata Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002, adults aggregated on Fraxinus griffitii (Iriomote Island, Japan). 87–89 – Miyamotolygus rufilorum (Lu & Zheng, 1998) (Kathmandu, Nepal): 87–88 – ♁, 89 – ♀. 90–93 – Poppiolygus bengalicus (Reuter, 1885): 90 –♀ (Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand), 91 – ♀ (Ayeyawady, Myanmar), 92 – ♁ (Kaski, Nepal), 93 – final instar nymph (Kasuki).

Figs 170–177. Male (170–175) and female (176–177) genitalia of the taxa superficially similar to Prolygus. 170–172 – Apolygus pulchellus (Reuter, 1906) (Nagasaki, Japan): 170 – left paramere, 171 – right paramere, 172 – endosoma. 173–175 – Neolygus honshuensis (Linnavuori, 1963) (Hokkaido, Japan): 173 – left paramere, 174 – right paramere, 175 – endosoma. 176–177 – N. zhugei (Yasunaga, 1992) (Nagasaki): 176 – bursa copulatrix, dorsal view; 176 – posterior wall, anterior view. Additional abbreviations: BSC – basal sclerite; EDB – endosomal base; VSC – ventral sclerite.