Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) copacabana, Vilarino & Cavalcante & Dumas & Nessimian, 2018

Vilarino, Albane, Cavalcante, Bruna Maria Silva, Dumas, Leandro Lourenço & Nessimian, Jorge Luiz, 2018, Four new species of Xiphocentron Brauer, 1870 (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae) from the Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil, European Journal of Taxonomy 441, pp. 1-16 : 4-7

Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) copacabana sp. nov.

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Figs 2–3

Diagnosis

The new species resembles X. maiteae in having the basoventral margin of the inferior appendages distinctly projected posterad. However, the new species differs by having a small mesal sclerite and two clusters of small spines on the inner face of the inferior appendages, one on the ventral projection and another subapically. In X. maiteae , the ventral projection has large dentate spines, and does not form these two clusters of small spines. Additionally, the new species has a broader posterior region on tergum IX and the apex of the phallus is not enlarged as in X. maiteae . They also are differentiated by the forewing venation: fork II is sessile in the new species, while it is peciolate in X. maiteae .

Etymology

The specific epithet refers to the beach at Copacabana, one of the most famous beaches in the world and located in the city of Rio de Janeiro.

Material examined

Holotype

BRAZIL: ³, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Rio Archer, Cascata Gabriela , 22º57′16.0″ S, 43°17′20.2″ W, alt. 498 m, 11 Oct. 2014, B.M. Silva, L.L. Dumas, J.L. Nessimian, K.A. Estevão and F. Quintarelli leg. ( DZRJ 7334 ).

Paratype

BRAZIL: 1 Ƌ, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da Tijuca, 22º56′96.7″ S, 43°17′67.9″ W, alt. 786 m, Oct. 2016, L. Silveira, S. Vaz and B. Clarkson leg. ( MZSP 5411).

Description

Adult

Forewing length 3.2–3.5 mm (n =2). Overall color (in alcohol) nearly uniformly medium brown. Tibial spur formula 2-4-3. Hind tibia apical spurs not modified ( Fig. 2A ). Forewings covered with fine, short, brown setae, with opaque region on anterior margin between Sc and R1 veins. Wing venation ( Fig. 2B ). Forewings: forks II and IV present; Sc reaching costa; fork II sessile starting in the discoidal cell; thyridial cell opened; fake vein present between M and Cu1a+b; two anal veins are present. Hind wings: forks II and V present; fake veins present; Rs with three branches R2+3, R4 and R5; R1 absent. Abdominal sternum V bearing a pair of mammiform glandular regions ( Fig. 2C ).

Male genitalia ( Fig. 3 A–F)

Tergum IX, in lateral view ( Fig. 3A ), saddle-like, dorsally as broad as ventrally, dorsal margin undulated, anteroventral margin rounded, dorsal region of posterior margin produced posterad, forming a lobe; in dorsal view ( Fig. 3B ), anterior margin with a deep V-shaped central incision; posterolateral margins rounded; posterior margin squarely projected, apex subtruncated, slightly convex.

Sternum IX, in lateral view ( Fig. 3A ), dorsal margin straight, anterior margin medially with a medial apodeme, ventrally with an acute indentation, ventral margin rounded at base, posterior margin rounded; apodeme finger-like, apically rounded; in ventral view ( Fig. 3C ), posterior margin rounded, with a shallow rounded mesal incision, anterior margin straight, lateral apodemes longer than half- length of sternum IX, strongly tapered apically. Segment X semi-membranous; in lateral view ( Fig. 3A ), elongated, apicodorsally rounded, apicoventrally projected; in dorsal view ( Fig. 3B ), wider basally, narrower apically, closed all over its length, medially with a sclerotized band, apex split into two lobes, posterolateral margins slightly projected, truncated.

Preanal appendages elongated, about twice as long as segment X, setose; in lateral view ( Fig. 3A ), basally directed posterodorsally, slightly narrowed and bent posterad at mid-length, apex rounded; in dorsal view ( Fig. 3B ), enlarged at mid-length, apex slightly crenulated. Inferior appendages with articles completely fused ( Fig. 3F ); basal region, in lateral view ( Fig. 3A ), broad, ventral margin distinctly produced; apical region as long as the basal region, slender; in dorsal view ( Fig. 3B ), apex slightly inflated; inner face with sparse spines on the basal region, and cluster of small spines on projected posteroventral margin and subapically on apical region; mesal sclerite small, slightly larger than sparse spines of basal region.

Phallus tubular, long and slender, in lateral view ( Fig. 3D ), apex about twice as broad as the base; in dorsal view ( Fig. 3E ), apex not enlarged, semi-membranous.

Figures

Fig. 2. Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) copacabana sp. nov., holotype, adult, Ƌ. A. Tibial spurs of the hind leg. B. Right wings, dorsal view. C. Glandular region of abdominal sternum V, left lateral. Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 3. Xiphocentron (Antillotrichia) copacabana sp. nov., holotype, adult, Ƌ, genitalia. A. Left lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Ventral view. D. Phallus in full length, left lateral view. E. Phallus, apex in dorsal view. F. Detail of inferior appendage, left lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.