Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius, 1798)

Wu, San-An & Wang, Xubo, 2019, A review species of the genus Ceroplastes (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in China, Zootaxa 4701 (6), pp. 520-536 : 523-524

Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius, 1798)

( Fig. 2 )

Ceroplastes ceriferus (Anderson) ; Kuwana, 1927: 71; Tang, 1977: 92 (?); Yang, 1982: 187; Wang, 2001: 396.

Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) ; Tang, 1991: 298.

Material examined. BEIJING: 2 ♀♀, Haidian, on on Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae) , 10.xii.2009, coll. San-an Wu. GUIZHOU: 12 ♀♀, Liupanshui, on Elaeocarpus decipiens (Elaeocarpaceae) , 25.iv.2012, coll. Ying Wang & Haibin Li; 3 ♀♀, Suiyang: on unknown plant, 17.viii. 2010, coll. San-an Wu. HENAN: 1 ♀, Puyang, on Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae) , on 7.v.2013, coll. Jupu Chang; 1 ♀, Zhengzhou, on Aesculus chinensis (Hippocastanaceae) , 15.vi.2010, coll. Nan Nan & San-an Wu. JIANGSU: 1 ♀, Yangzhou, on Rosa roxbunghii (Rosaceae) , 21.v.2007, coll. San-an Wu; 3 ♀♀, Yangzhou, on Cedrus deodara (Pinaceae) , 20.v.2007, coll. San-an Wu; 3 ♀♀, Wuxi, on Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) , 11.iii.2011, coll. Yanzhou Zhang. SHANGHAI: 9 ♀♀, Laogang, on Euonymus japonicus (Celastraceae) , 9.iv.2011, coll. Hongliang Li. SHAANXI: 13 ♀♀, Lintong, on Buxus sinica var. parvifolia (Buxaceae) , 3.v.2012, coll. Jun Deng & Ying Wang; 4 ♀♀, Weinan, on Platanus orientalis (Platanaceae) , 18.ix.2013, coll. Haibin Li. YUNNAN: 7 ♀♀, Qujing, on Cedrus deodara (Pinaceae) , 27.iv.2012, coll. Jun Deng, Ying Wang & Haibin Li. ZHEJIANG: 4 ♀♀, Haining, on Camellia japonica (Theaceae) , 17.iv.2012, coll. Akang Deng; 3 ♀♀, Ningbo, on Elaeocarpus sylvestris (Elaeocarpaceae) , 22.iv.2012, coll. Yanzhou Zhang; 2 ♀♀, Zhoushan, on un- known plant, 15.xii.2005, coll. Saijun Yang.

Distribution in China. Ceroplates ceriferus has a similar distribution to that of C. japonicus ; sometimes both occur on the same plant. Ceroplates ceriferus is widely distributed in South, North, East, Central and Southwest China and Shaanxi Province.

Host-plants. Acer buergerianum , Acer palmatum (Aceraceae) ; Ilex ficoidea Hemsl. var. parvifilia (Aquifoliaceae) ; Hedera nepalensis K, Koch var. s inensis ( Araliaceae ); Wida alba (Cornaceae) ; Diospyros kaki , D. lotus (Ebenaceae) ; Cinnamomum glanduliferum (Lauraceae) ; Cedrus deodara (Pinaceae) ; Magnolia denudata , M. grandiflora , Michelia alba , Mi. figo (Magnoliaceae) ; Fraxinus chinensis (Oleaceae) ; Platanus orientalis (Platanaceae) ; Podocarpus macrophyllus (Podocarpaceae) ; Punica granatum (Punicaceae) ; Ziziphus jujube (Rhamnaceae) ; Amygdalus triloba , Cerasus cerasoides (D. Don) Sok. var. rubea , Cerasus yedoensis , Chaenomeles speciosa , Chimonanthus praecox , Malus halliana , Prunus cerasifera , Pyracantha fortuneana , Rosa chinensis , R. xanthina , Sorbaria sorbifolia , Spiraea cantoniensis (Rosaceae) ; Gardenia jasminoides (Rubiaceae) ; Citrus sinensis , Fortunella margarita , Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Rutaceae) ; Koelreuteria paniculata (Sapindaceae) ; Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) . Among these, Diospyros kaki and Platanus orientalis are its preferred hosts.

Biology. Ceroplastes ceriferus has one generation per year; it predominantly occurs on twigs but a few are found on leaves in China. In Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong and Yunnan provinces it overwinters as adult females, and reproduces parthenogenetically, although occasionally less than 5% of population are found to be adult males ( Song et al. 1994; Zhu 1998; Pei & Zhu 2002; Wu et al. 2014); whereas in Zhejiang and Guangxi province, C. ceriferus overwinters as first-instar nymphs and reproduces bisexually ( Zhu 1983; Chu et al. 1991; Lai 1993).

Remarks. Tang (1977) and Zhu (1983) gave morphological descriptions and illustrations based on material collected from Hangzhou of Zhejiang on tea under the name of C. ceriferus , but there is an important difference between those descriptions and that given by Gimpel et al. (1974). In the descriptions by Tang (1977) and Zhu (1983), the adult females have tubular ducts forming ventral band along the submargin, whereas Gimpel et al. (1974) did not record such a band. It can be deduced, therefore, that the Hangzhou population on tea probably represents a different species.

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Live appearances. (1) C. centroroseus Chen, on Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae), Yunnan, Kunming; (2) C. ceriferus (Fabricius), on Diospyros kaki (Ebenaceae), Beijing; (3) C. cirripediformis Comstock, on Duranta repens cv. variegata (Verbenaceae), Yunnan, Xishuangbanna; (4) C. floridensis Comstock, on Cinnamomum japonicum (Lauraceae), Fujian, Yongan; (5) C. japonicus (Green), on Platanus acerifolia (Platanaceae), Beijing; (6) C. kunmingensis (Tang & Xie), on Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae), Yunnan, Dali.