Tenagodus squamatus, (DE BLAINVILLE, 1827)

Bieler, Rüdiger, 2004, Sanitation with sponge and plunger: western Atlantic slit-wormsnails (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Siliquariidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 140 (3), pp. 307-333 : 331-333

TENAGODUS SQUAMATUS (DE BLAINVILLE, 1827) :

SELECTED SPECIMENS EXAMINED

Some teleoconch fragments in collections might belong to the very similar Tenagodus barbadensis sp. nov.

BERMUDA: 2 shells and fragment, 2.5 miles off Castle Roads, St. David’s Island, 110 m, taken alive from sponge, FMNH 296697 ( Fig. 4 ). USA: FLORIDA (Atlantic Ocean: 6 shells, NMFS R/V Silver Bay station 3252, 50 miles SE of Melbourne, 37 m (27∞50¢30≤N, 80∞07¢W), USNM 811144; 1 shell, off Palm Beach, 30–40 fms [55–73 m], ANSP 188796; 9 fragments, R/V Eolis station 76, off Fowey Light, 73 m, USNM 435006, 435007; 1 shell, NMFS R/V Silver Bay station 2445, Florida Straits, 100 miles S of Miami, 252 m (24∞08¢N, 80∞08¢W), USNM 811141; SE of Dry Tortugas, 91–213 m, FMNH 194581. FLORIDA (Gulf of Mexico: 1 cluster embedded in (?thrombid) sponge, loose shell fragments, c. 48 nautical miles NW of Dry Tortugas, 73 m (25∞06.91¢N, 83∞37.05¢W), HBOM 065: 0000; 5 shells, same station, FMNH 301289; 2 clusters embedded in sponge, R/V Hernan Cortes Sta. M 1965, 92 miles W of Sanibel Island Light, Lee County, 73 m (26∞24¢N, 83∞43¢W), FSBC I957, I1196; 1 shell, 70 miles SW of Egmont Key, 51– 58 m, from sponge mass, USNM 606956; 11 shells (with black sponge remains), 95 miles W of Egmont Key, 27∞34¢N, 84∞15¢W, 73 m, ANSP 396091; 1 shell (with operculum), Egmont Key, Tampa Bay, MCZ 207246; 1 shell, W of Sanibel Island /Naples area, Bureau of Land Management no. 210, 77 m (26∞16.1¢N, 83∞46.3¢W, FMNH 296698. LOUISIANA: 1 shell, NMFS R/V Silver Bay station 331, 125 miles SE New Orleans, 91 m (29∞15¢N, 88∞19¢W), USNM 801714 [alc.]; 3 shells, NMFS R/V Oregon station 4597, 175 miles SW of New Orleans, 13 m (29∞28¢N, 093∞30¢W), USNM 801713 [alc.]; 2 shells, approx. 140 miles SSE of Calcasieu Lake, 137 m, MCZ 260307. MEXICO: 1 shell, 1 fragment, Tuxpam, Veracruz, MCZ 194995. BAHAMAS: 8 specimens in fist-sized part of yellow sponge colony ( Spongosorites sp. ), Goulding Cay, off New Province Island (24∞59.74¢N, 77∞33.17¢W, 6-XI-90, S. Pomponi & P. Santos), 182 m, rock slope, 13.2∞C bottom temperature, submersible Johnson-Sea-Link-I, dive 2840, R/V Seward Johnson, FMNH 296700 (observed and sketched alive; Figs 39, 40 ), HBOM 065: 0000, with histological sections and radulae, FMNH 296701, and isolated shells, FMNH 296702; 7 alcohol-preserved specimens (5 of which incomplete) previously embedded in colony of halichondriid sponge Spongosorites ruetzleri (Soest & Stentoft, 1988) , 3 km off Sweetings Cay, Grand Bahama Island (26∞34.15¢N, 77∞54.17¢W; 14-XI-87), 165 m, 30 degree slope, sand and rubble substrate, 18∞C bottom temperature, submersible Johnson-Sea- Link-II dive 1530, R/V Seaward Johnson (see also Pomponi et al., 1991: 151), FMNH 296703, with histological sections FMNH 296704; shell and animal fragments, from colony of halichondriid sponge Spongosorites ruetzleri , off Sweetings Cay, Grand Bahama Island (26∞33.70¢N, 77∞53.91¢W; 13-XI- 87 157 m, slope, sand and rubble substrate, 18∞C bottom temperature, submersible Johnson-Sea-Link-II, dive 1528, R/V Seaward Johnson, FMNH 296705 (sponge sample HBOM 003: 00115, see also Pomponi et al., 1991: 151); fragments (used for SEM), off Nassau Harbour (25∞06.47¢N, 77∞20.67¢W), 461 m, 15-III- 1987, R/V Johnson/submersible Johnson-Sea-Link-I dive 1960, collected with halichondriid sponge Spongisorites ruetzleri (Soest & Stentoft, 1988) , FMNH 296709 [sponge sample, HBOM 003: 00112; see also Pomponi et al., 1991: 151]; shell and animal fragments (used for SEM), off Freeport Harbour, Freeport, Grand Bahama Island (26∞30.78¢N, 78∞48.22¢W), 218 m, 22-III-1987, R/V Johnson/submersible Johnson-Sea-Link-I dive 1975, collected with halichondriid sponge Spongisorites ruetzleri (van Soest & Stentoft, 1988) , FMNH 296708 [sponge sample, HBOM 003: 00114; see also Pomponi et al., 1991: 151]; 1 shell, off St. James, ZMK; 1 shell, NMFS R/V Silver Bay station 3494, S of Long Island, 183–366 m (23∞36¢N, 75∞25¢W), USNM 811147; 2 shells, Conception Island (23∞52¢N, 75∞09¢W), ANSP 392187. 60+ shells, Lucaya, Grand Bahama Island (26∞29¢45≤N, 78∞37¢15≤W), ANSP 367834, 367835, 411176, 411177; 11 shells, Indian Key, Grand Bahama Island (26∞42¢45≤N, 78∞39¢15≤W), ANSP 367026; 40+ shells, Grand Bahama Island (26∞31¢00≤N, 78∞46¢30.5≤W), ANSP 373886; 5 juvenile shells and fragments, Salt Cay, 6 mi NE of Nassau, New Providence Island,

FMNH 280710 . CUBA: several shells , USFC R/ V Albatross 1885 stations 2321, 2323, 2326, 2332, off Havana, 210–355 m , USNM 94052 , 181258 , 193558 , 193562 ; also MCZ 7416 , 7421 ; 2 shell clusters in sponge, Harvard-Havana Expedition ‘ Atlantis’ 1939 sta. 3303 (23∞05¢N, 82∞33¢W) , MCZ 302516 . JAMAICA: 1 shell , NMFS R/V Oregon station 3559, 250 miles SW of Kingston, 16∞37¢N, 80∞15¢W ), USNM 811120 . DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: 4 shells , NMFS R/V Silver Bay station 5147, 51– 55 m (19∞57¢N, 71∞52¢30≤W) , USNM 811148 . PUERTO RICO: 14 fragments, partly with sponge, near Mayaguez , CAS 47265; 2 fragments, Rincon , CAS 42398; 1 shell , ZMK. LEEWARD ISLANDS: VIRGIN ISLANDS: Saint Vincent: 3 incomplete alcohol-preserved specimens from sponge Spongosorites sp. , York Bay, St. Vincent (13∞09.65¢N, 61∞16.52¢W; 31-III-89), 89 m , sand slope, Johnson-Sea-Link-II dive 1702, R/V Seward Johnson , FMNH 296692 and shell fragments FMNH 296699 , HBOM 065 : 0000. SAINT CROIX: 1 shell , USFC R/V Blake 1879, 69 m , MCZ 7413 ; 1 shell , NMFS R/V Oregon station 6715, 100 miles E of SAINT THOMAS, 201–238 m (18∞36¢N, 63∞27¢W) , USNM 811139 . Tortola : 1 shell , ZMK. SAINT BARTHÉLEMY: 4 shells , ZMK. ANGUILLA: type material of T. anguillae , as above. WINDWARD ISLANDS: MARTINIQUE : USFC R/V Blake 1879, 176 m , MCZ 7414 . ST. LUCIA: R/V Oregon II station 24273, 69– 80 m (14∞04.4¢N, 61∞02.3¢W) , HBOM 65 : 1761 ; NMFS R/V Oregon station 5059, 24– 29 m (14∞02¢30≤N, 61∞01¢W) , USNM 811131 . BARBADOS: 1 shell, off Speightstown, 74 m (13∞14.80¢N, 59∞39.50¢W) , submersible Johnson-Sea- Link-II, dive 1736, R/ V Seward Johnson ( FMNH 296690 ); many shells, Smithsonian – University of Iowa Expedition 1918 various stations (e.g. 3, 51, 79), 46–146 m , USNM 500017 , 500018 , 500021 , and many others; 5 shells , USFC R/V Blake 1879 station 278, 126 m , MCZ 259090 ; 1 shell, Hassler Expedition 183 m , MCZ 258952 ; 1 shells, off St. James , ZMK. TRINIDAD: 1 shell, Chaguaramas Bay , USNM 518474 . NICARAGUA: 1 shell , NMFS R/V Oregon station 4832, 150 miles E of coast, 219–238 m , USNM ex 811126; many shells, NMFS R/V Oregon, 219–238 m (14∞15¢30≤N, 80∞27¢06≤W) , USNM 811127 . HON- DURAS: 1 shell, Swan Islands , MCZ 302513 . VENE- ZUELA: Preserved specimens in sponge and 2 shells, Golfo Triste, off Morrocoy (10∞40-53¢N, 68∞00-10¢W), 46–55 m , FMNH 296706 ; specimens in 3 sponge fragments (2 alcohol preserved), Golfo Triste as above, about 60 m , 1992, FMNH 296691 ; 4 sponge fragments with embedded snails, Golfo Triste, off Morrocoy , about 60 m , 1992 (10∞40-53¢N, 68∞00-10¢W), FMNH 296691 (dry) , FMNH 296693 (alcohol preserved). BRAZIL: 2 shells , NMFS R/V Oregon station 4227, 100 miles N of Sao Luis, 73 m (1∞24¢S, 43∞11¢W) , USNM 811125 ; R/V Marion-Dufresne

(Bouchet, Leal & Metivier 05/1987; dredge DC 81), off Espiríto Santo State (19∞00¢S, 37∞48¢W), 120–135 m depth [J. Leal, photographs seen only; one photograph published by Leal (1989: 8, fig. 9]; 6 shells and fragments, R/V ‘ Marion-Dufresne’ (Bouchet, Leal & Metivier 05/1987) MD55 station DC 82, 85–105 m (18∞56¢S, 37∞52¢W), ex J. Leal, FMNH 296707 , DMNH 228024 .

Figures

Figures 1–6. Figs 1, 2, Tenagodus modestus, shell. 1: Florida Keys, 56 m, FMNH 296716; greatest length = 48 mm. 2: lectotype of Siliquaria modesta Dall, 1889, Cuba, MCZ 341075; greatest length = 22.8 mm. Figures 3–5, Tenagodus squamatus, shell. 3: Venezuela, Golfo Triste, 46–55 m, FMNH 296706; greatest length = 165 mm. 4: Bermuda, 110 m, FMNH 296697; greatest dimension (diameter of spiral) = 46.6 mm. 5: lectotype of Tenagodus anguillae Mörch 1861, Anguilla; ZMK; greatest length = 11.6 mm. Fig. 6, Tenagodus barbadensis sp. nov., shell; Barbados, 69 m, FMNH 301239; greatest length = 35.8 mm.

Figures 38–40. Tenagodus squamatus, from living and preserved specimens (Bahamas). 38: oblique dorsal aspect of headfoot region, mantle reflected along naturally occurring slit; note small head and massive operculum, short looped osphradium, absence of rectum, and simple mantle margin (FMNH 296703, from preserved animal). 39: posterior animal, right side (FMNH 296700, from living specimen). 40: posterior animal, left side (as before, different animal). Scale bar = 5 mm. Abbreviations: com, columellar muscle; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; en, endostyle; es, oesophagus; ey, eye; fg, food groove; ft, foot; gd, gonoduct; go, gonad; he, heart; hy, hypobranchial gland; ki, kidney; mo, mouth opening; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pg, pallial gonoduct; pgl, lamella attached to right side of pallial gonoduct; sh, shell; st, stomach; vs, vascular system with embedded crystals.