Holops pullomen, Barahona-Segovia & Guzmán & Pañinao-Monsálvez, 2021

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, 2021, Review of Chilean Cyrtinae (Diptera: Acroceridae) with the Description of Three New Species and the First Record of Villalus inanis from Argentina, Zoological Studies 60 (35), pp. 1-18 : 8-9

Holops pullomen sp. nov. Barahona-Segovia

( Figs. 11–12 , 19 , 22 ) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D5BB0932-BA4B-4674-A5E6-5E7FA245D619

Material examined: Holotype: male, in excellent condition, found in the Ernesto Krahmer’s collection from UACH and finally deposited in the MNHNCL; with the following labels: “Prov. Valdivia / Santo Domingo / 04.x.1987 / Leg. E. Krahmer ”; “ Holotypus / Holops pullomen / spec. nov. ³ / det. Barahona-Segovia 2019 ” [red].

Type locality: Chile: Valdivia Province, Santo Domingo.

Etymology: the specific epithet ‘ pullomen ’ is taken from Mapuche mythology and refers to Pullomeñ, a large blue fly identified by the Mapuches as souls’ bearer of the dead who wish to live again. For this reason, it is forbidden to kill the insect. The machi (= shaman or woman sorcerer) requires his presence when she must heal people with walking problems or who walk with the same movement as the blue fly.

Diagnosis: shiny dark blue-violet species. Head and eyes black. Scutum dark blue with yellowish pilosity. Postocellar lobe violet. Anepisternum, meron, katatergite and subalar sclerite are brownish. Coxa and trochanter dark brownish. Femora bicolor (brown-yellow). M 1 vein shorter than M 2. The cell r 4+5 elongated and thin. Abdomen globose in dorsal view and slightly widest than maximum margins of thorax. First tergite dark violet color. Tergites 2–6 with light violet color.

Description: Length: 7.1 mm; width: 1.3 mm (head), 2.4 mm (thorax) and 4.0 mm (abdomen); wing: 7.4 mm; male: head: eyes brownish ( Figs. 11–12 ); the size is 3/4 of the maximum height of the thorax; antenna inserted in the middle of the head; scape and pedicelum blackish with similar size; flagellum styliform approximately three times longer than pedicelum and scape together; antennae shorter than head length; eyes with long and brown pilosity; three ocelli dark brownish with ocellar triangle black somewhat protuberant; occiput bright grey with long brown pilosity; mouth parts dark brownish; thorax: shiny dark blue scutum with long, dense and whitish pilosity, sparse but uniformly distributed ( Figs. 11–12 ); postocellar lobe violet-brownish with long and yellowish pilosity ( Fig. 12 ); anterior spiracle light yellow; anepisternum and katepisternum shiny blue with long and yellowish pilosity; posterior basalare and anepisternum violet-brownish with yellowish pilosity; subalar sclerite violet-brownish; meron and katepimeron without pilosity and with shiny blue-violet color; katatergite and anatergite with shiny blue color and yellowish pilosity ( Fig. 12 ); legs: coxa, trochanters and femora brown excepting posterior part which is yellow ( Fig. 12 ); tarsi are light yellow-brownish with dense brown pilosity; black claws; wings: hyaline; all veins dark brown; R 4 and R 5 forked and separated for the half of length of each vein; M 1, M 2 and M 3+4 not reaching the wing margin; M 1 shorter than M 2; cell r 4+5 elongated, with six sides, thin and 3/4 length of R 2+3 vein; cell m 3 with 1/3 length of r connected to cell bm by a very short projection of m-cu vein ( Fig. 19 ); halters brownish with apex some yellowish; calypter rim blackish and interior part is brownish with dense and long brownish pilosity abdomen: curved in 5th tergite; globose slightly wider than margins thorax ( Fig. 11 ); fully rough; first tergite blackish and 2–6 tergites with violet color ( Figs. 11– 12 ); tergites 2–5 with same width and tergite 6 greatly reduced; all with long and yellow-brownish pilosity; all sclerite of violet color; genitalia: not detached; cerci brownish and globose in dorsal view, covered with sparse pilosity; epandrium and gonocoxa barely visible and covered with yellow and short pilosity ( Fig. 22 ).

4+5

Distribution: only known from the type locality ( Fig. 27 ).

Remarks: endemic species that inhabit in similar biogeographical province, subregion and forest type that H. anarayae . The host is unknown.

Figures

Figs. 9–12. Holops grezi sp. nov.: (9) dorsal view and (10) lateral view; Holops pullomen sp. nov.: (11) dorsal view and (12) lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figs. 15–20. Holops wing details: (15) H. anarayae sp. nov.; (16) H. cyanea (Philippi); (17) H. frauenfeldi Schiner; (18) H. grezi sp. nov.; (19) H. pullomen sp. nov., and (20) H. virens.

Figs. 21–26. Genitalia of Holops and Villalus: (21) dorsal view of H. cyanea (Philippi), female; (22) dorsal view of H. pullomen sp. nov.; (23) dorsal and lateral view of H. frauenfeldi Schiner, male; (24) dorsal view of V. inanis (Philippi), female; (25) lateral view of H. pullomen, male; (26) dorsal view of gonocoxa of H. anarayae sp. nov. epa = epandrium; gncx = gonocoxa.

Fig. 27. Distributional map of Holops species.