Eviulisoma, Silvestri, 1910

Enghoff, Henrik, 2018, A mountain of millipedes VII: The genus Eviulisoma Silvestri, 1910, in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, and related species from other Eastern Arc Mountains. With notes on Eoseviulisoma Brolemann, 1920, and Suohelisoma Hoffman, 1963 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 445, pp. 1-90 : 76-79

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2018.445

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:852A3F68-B728-413A-B12E-56F306D56C35

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681634

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A10B47-FFB3-FFC8-FF38-FABAFE95FD5D

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Eviulisoma
status

 

Key to Udzungwan s. str. species of Eviulisoma View in CoL

The key is based on adult males. Identifications should always be checked against the species descriptions and illustrations, as additional species of Eviulisoma View in CoL are expected to exist in the Udzungwa Mts.

1. Sternum 6 with a deep excavation...................................................................................................2 – Sternum 6 not excavated................................................................................................................21

2. Gonopod with an intermediate acropodital process (iap)................................................................3

– Gonopod without an intermediate acropodital process..................................................................15

3. Acropodite with a finger-shaped basal process ( Fig. 9 View Fig. 9 : bap) ........... E. kwabuniense Kraus, 1958 View in CoL

– Acropodite without a basal process.................................................................................................4

4. Dorsal lobe of solenophore (sph -d) in the shape of a very large hook ( Fig. 13 View Fig. 13 ) ..... E. cetafi View in CoL sp. nov.

– Dorsal lobe of solenophore different.................................................................................................5

5. A strong hook emerging from concave side of solenophore ( Fig. 21 View Fig. 21 : sph-h) ................................. ..................................................................................................................... E. paradisiacum View in CoL sp. nov.

– No strong hook emerging from concave side of solenophore..........................................................6

6. Large species (width 2.6–3.3 mm) with contrasting dark and pale transverse bands; dorsal lobe of two-lobed solenophore (sph-d) large, as long as acropodital processes and ending in a hook ( Figs 8 A View Fig. 8 , 12 View Fig. 12 ) ....................................................................................................... E. akkariae View in CoL sp. nov.

– Smaller species (width 1.5–2.1 mm), (always?) without contrasting transverse bands; solenophore different..............................................................................................................................................7

7. Gonopods with four very to extremely slender processes ( Fig. 19 View Fig. 19 : iap, map, sph-d, sph-v) ......... ........................................................................................................................... E. nessiteras View in CoL sp. nov.

– At least some of these processes stouter .........................................................................................8

8. Intermediate acropodital process (iap) much shorter than mesal acropodital process (map); dorsal lobe of solenophore (sph-d) bifid ( Fig. 17 View Fig. 17 ) .................................. E. kalimbasiense View in CoL sp. nov.

– Intermediate acropodital process as long or almost as long as mesal acropodital process; dorsal lobe of solenophore different...........................................................................................................9

9. Mesal acropodital process (map) with a long, curved side branch fitting over semicircular dorsal lobe of solenophore (sph-d) ( Fig. 18 View Fig. 18 ) ................................................ E. navuncus View in CoL sp. nov.

– Mesal acropodital process different............................................................................................10

10. Solenophore with three elongate lobes...........................................................................................11 – Solenophore with two lobes, sometimes with a rudimentary intermediate lobe as well............14

11. All three lobes of solenophore of equal length, but intermediate lobe (sph-i) thinner than the others ( Fig. 11 View Fig. 11 ) ........................................................................................... E. aequilobatum View in CoL sp. nov.

– The three lobes of solenophore of unequal length........................................................................12

12. Intermediate lobe of solenophore (sph-i) much shorter than the slender, approximately equally long dorsal and ventral lobes (sph-d and sph-v) ( Fig. 15 View Fig. 15 ) ............................. E. commelina View in CoL sp. nov.

– Dorsal lobe of solenophore (sph-d) much longer than intermediate and ventral lobes (sph-i and sph-v) ...............................................................................................................................................13

13. Intermediate and ventral lobes of solenophore (sph-i and sph-v) slender; subapical side branch of mesal acropodital process (map) directed laterad ( Fig. 14 View Fig. 14 ) ....................... E. chitense View in CoL sp. nov.

– Intermediate and ventral lobes of solenophore (sph-i and sph-v) very short and broad; subapical side branch of mesal acropodital process (map) directed obliquely apicad ( Fig. 20 View Fig. 20 ) ....................... ........................................................................................................................... E. ottokrausi View in CoL sp. nov.

14. Solenophore with two broad lobes; mesal acropodital process (map) ending in two subequal points ( Fig. 10 View Fig. 10 ) .................................................................................................... E. acaciae View in CoL sp. nov.

– Solenophore with a stout dorsal lobe (sph-d), a slender ventral lobe (sph-v) and a rudimentary intermediate lobe (sph-i); mesal acropodital lobe (map) ending in a hooked point and with a small, pointed subapical side branch ( Fig. 16 View Fig. 16 ) .......................................................... E. ejti View in CoL sp. nov.

15. Sternum 6 excavation with four-lobed or angled rim ( Figs 26 A View Fig. 26 , 30 A View Fig. 30 , 34F View Fig. 34 ).................................16 – Sternum 6 excavation with a simple rim (as Fig. 6 A –C View Fig. 6 )...............................................................18

16. Sternum 6 excavation with angled rim ( Fig. 34F View Fig. 34 ); mesal acropodital process (map) with large subapical hook opposing corresponding hook on solenophore ( Fig. 34 A –B, D View Fig. 34 ) ............................ .......................................................................................................................... E. angulatum View in CoL sp. nov.

– Sternum 6 excavation with four-lobed rim ( Figs 26 A View Fig. 26 , 30 A View Fig. 30 ); gonopods different....................17

17. Smaller species (width 2.0 mm); a dentate ridge present on mesal acropodital process (map) ( Fig. 27 View Fig. 27 ) ............................................................................................................. E. sternale View in CoL sp. nov.

– Larger species (width 3.0– 3.2 mm); no dentate ridge on map ( Fig. 31 View Fig. 31 ) .............. E. zebra View in CoL sp. nov.

18. Gonopod acropodite with a separate basal ʻfemoriteʼ; solenophore large, plate-like ( Fig. 33 View Fig. 33 ) .... ....................................................................................................................... E. articulatum View in CoL sp. nov.

– No separate ʻfemoriteʼ; solenophore slender, tube-like (ʻrolled sheetʼ).......................................19

19 Larger species (width 2.5–3.4 mm); ventral margin of mesal acropodital process (map) strongly convex ( Fig. 25 View Fig. 25 ) ........................................................................................ E. grumslingslak View in CoL sp. nov.

– Smaller species (width 1.8–2.4 mm); ventral margin of map almost straight..........................20

20. Gonopod coxa with a slender distolateral process ( Fig. 23 A View Fig. 23 : cxp) ............... E. coxale View in CoL sp. nov. – Gonopod coxa without a distolateral process ( Fig. 22 View Fig. 22 ) ..................... E. dabagaense Kraus, 1958 View in CoL

21. Sterna 5 and 6 each with a knob-like process ( Fig. 35 View Fig. 35 ) ................................ E. biquintum View in CoL sp. nov. – Sterna 5 and 6 without processes ( Fig. 36 View Fig. 36 ) ................................................. E. breviscutum View in CoL sp. nov.

Distribution and habitat patterns

All Udzungwan s. str. species of Eviulisoma are endemic to the Udzungwa Mts. Figure 37 View Fig. 37 shows the distribution of the 22 species plotted on a diagrammatic map of the areas within the Udzungwas where the species have been collected. Only three species ( E. dabagaense , E. navuncus sp. nov. and

E. nessiteras sp. nov.) have been found in more than one area. The Udzungwa Mts National Park, where the highest number of species (nine) has been found, shares no species with other areas.

Table 4 shows the altitudinal distribution of the Udzungwan s. str. species. Although some species occur as low as 800 m a.s.l., the highest diversity occurs from 1400 m a.s.l. upward. Eviulisoma covers a larger altitudinal spectrum than the Chaleponcus dabagaensis group, which is restricted to 1500–2200 m a.s.l. with a maximum at 1800–2000 m a.s.l. (Enghoff 2014, 2017).

Habitat information is included on the labels of many specimens, and a small amount of habitat information can be extracted from the literature ( Kraus 1958, Frontier Tanzania 2001). In by far the most cases, the habitat is indicated as forest, montane rain forest, tropical semi-evergreen forest, etc. Some species have been collected in open Acacia woodland ( E. acaciae sp. nov., E. grumslingslak sp. nov.) or ʻscrub / thicket/ bushʼ ( E. ottokrausi sp. nov.), but the two last-mentioned have also been collected in proper forests.

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