Curtonotum Macquart, 1843

Mello, Ramon Luciano & Pereira-Colavite, Alessandre, 2018, Catalogue of Neotropical Curtonotidae (Diptera, Ephydroidea), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58, pp. 1-7 : 2-5

Curtonotum Macquart, 1843

Curtonotum Macquart, 1843: 350 . Type-species, Musca gibba Fabricius, 1805 (mon.) Junior primary homonym of Musca gibba Müller, 1776 and Musca gibba Rossi, 1794 ; Curtonotum taeniatum Hendel, 1913: 629 accepted as the replacement name by Thompson & Pont (1993).

Cyrtonotum Agassiz, 1846: 108 (Unjustified emendation of Curtonotum ).

Diplocentra Loew, 1862: 13 (Unjustified new name to Curtonotum ).

Seliacantha Bezzi, 1895: 66 (Nomen nudum).

Selidacantha Bezzi,1895: 66 (Nomen nudum: emendation of Seliacantha Bezzi, 1895 nomen nudum).

Parapsinota Duda, 1924: 177 . (Syn.) Delfinado (1969).

adusticrus Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 48. Type-locality: BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key). Holotype male (USNM).

apicale Hendel, 1913: 621 . Type-locality: PERU, Junín, Chanchamayo. Distr.: Ecuador, Peru. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 619 (key); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 123 (cat.); Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 1 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key), 52 (reds.), 54 (lect. design.). Lectotype male (SMTD).

atlanticum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 93. Type-locality: BRAZIL, São Paulo, Campos do Jordão. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key). Holotype male (MZUSP).

bathmedum Hendel, 1913: 628 . Type-locality: PERU, Huanúco, Mouth of Pachieta River. Distr.: Bolivia, Peru. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 619 (key); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 123 (cat.); Malloch, 1930: 325 (n. occ.); Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Hennig, 1958: 528, 671 (phyl.); Wirth, 1975: 1 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 17 (key), 43 (reds.) 44 (lect. design.). Lectotype male (SMTD).

bathymedum Malloch, 1930: 325 (missp. of bathmedum ).

bivittatum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 39. Type-locality: ECUADOR, Napo, Jatun Sacha Res., 6 km E Misahualli. Distr.: Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key); Mello, 2016: 717 (cat.). Holotype male (QCAZ).

brunneum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 64. Type-locality: BOLIVIA, La Paz, 8 km S Chulumani, Apa Apa. Distr.: Bolivia, Peru. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 25 (key). Holotype male (CBFC).

coriaceum Hendel, 1932: 133 (Cyrtonotum) . Typelocality: BOLIVIA, Pilcomayo. Distr.: Bolivia. Refs.: Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 50 (tax. notes). Syntypes 2 females (SMNS).

curtispinum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 61 ( Figs. 3 , 99-105 and 212).Type-locality: BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 25 (key). Holotype male (USNM).

decumanum Bezzi, 1914: 199 (Cyrtonotum) . Typelocality: PARAGUAY, Alto Paraná,Puerto Bertoni.Distr.: Paraguay. Refs.: Lucas, 1915: 131 (notes); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 123 (cat.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 50 (tax. notes). Syntypes male and female (MSNM).

desperatum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 91. Type-locality: BRAZIL. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011:11-15 (phyl.rels.),26 (key). Holotype male (NHM).

†electrodominicum Grimaldi & Kirk-Spriggs, 2012: 3. Type-locality: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, from amber mines in Cordillera Septentrional , northern Dominican Republic. Distr.: Dominican Republic (Miocene). Holotype female ( AMNH).

flavisetum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 72 . Type-locality: BRAZIL, Rondônia,Nova Mamoré,Vila Murtinho.Distr.: Brazil, Bolivia. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 25 (key). Holotype male (USNM).

Comments: Although Klymko & Marshall (2011: 75) indicated the type locality as “ Mato Grosso [state], Villa Murtinho” the current location’s name is “ Rondônia [state], Nova Mamoré,Vila Murtinho”,since Rondônia has become dismembered of part of Mato Grosso and Amazonas states in 1943, after collection of the holotype in 1922.

floridense Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 27. Type-locality: USA, Florida, Polk county. Distr.: USA. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 25 (key). Holotype male (DEBU).

fumipenne Hendel, 1913: 626 . Type-locality: BOLIVIA, Mapiri, Sarampioni. Distr.: Bolivia. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 619 (key); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 123 (cat.); Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 64 (tax. notes). Syntypes male and female (SMTD).

gracile Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 88. Type-locality: BRAZIL, Pará, Cachimbo ridge. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key). Holotype male (MZUSP).

hendelianum (Enderlein), 1917: 72 ( Diplocentra ). Typelocality: SURINAME. Distr.: Suriname. Refs.: Fischer, 1933: 87 (comb.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15, figs. 1-5 (phyl. rels.); 26 (key), 83 (reds.). Holotype female (HNHM).

nigripalpe Hendel, 1936: 90 . Type-locality: BRAZIL, Pará, Belém. Distr.: Brazil, Guyana, Suriname. Refs.: Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Papavero, 2002: 1 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 83 (syn.). Holotype female (NHMW).

hunkingi Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 97. Type-locality: BRAZIL, Paraná, Bocaiúva do Sul. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key). Holotype male (USNM).

impunctatum Hendel, 1913: 625 . Type-locality: PERU, Huanúco, Mouth of Pachieta River. Distr.: Ecuador, Peru. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 619 (key); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 123 (cat.); Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 25 (key), 58 (reds.), 61 (lect. design.). Lectotype male (SMTD).

magnum Malloch, 1930: 326 (Cyrtonotum) . Type-locality: BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia, Serra do Itatiaia. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key), 45 (reds.). Holotype female (USNM).

murinum Hendel, 1913: 622 . Type-locality: PERU, Chanchamayo, Meshagua, Urubamba river. Distr.: Peru. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 619 (key); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 123 (cat.); Fischer,1933:88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975:2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 50 (tax. notes). Syntypes male and female (SMTD).

nigrum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 37. Type-locality: BRAZIL, Paraná, Curitiba. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key). Holotype male (MZUSP).

pantherinum (Walker), 1849: 1090 ( Helomyza ). Typelocality: BRAZIL. Distr.: Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 619 (key), 623 (comb. reds.); Malloch, 1930: 325 (tax. notes); Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15, figs. 1-5 (phyl. rels.); 26 (key), 67 (reds.). Syntype male ( NHM: lost, see Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 70) .

salinum Curran, 1934: 440 . Type-locality: GUYANA, Kartabo. Distr.: Guyana. Refs.: Malloch, 1930: 325 (syn. of C.pantherinum before the formal description of the species: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 70). Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 70 (tax. notes). Holotype male (AMNH).

papillatum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 99. Type-locality: BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Distr.: Brazil. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key). Holotype male (USNM).

perplexum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 50. Type-locality: BOLIVIA, Pilcomayo. Distr.: Bolivia. Refs.: Hendel, 1932: 134 (desc. of Cyrtonotum impunctatum preoccupied by Curtonotum impunctatum Hendel, 1913 ); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 50 (n. nam.). Holotype female (SMNS).

punctithorax Fischer, 1933: 88 (Cyrtonotum) ( Fig. 1 ). Type-locality: BRAZIL, São Paulo, São Paulo. Distr.: Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay. Refs.: Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key), 102 (reds.). Lectotype male (MZUSP). Comments: Klymko & Marshall, 2011 redescribed the species based on a male and one female cited as paratypes. In fact, these specimens are paralectotypes as the type series was designated as cotypus. Below, it is established the lectotype based on a male specimen from MZUSP. Besides the lectotype and the five paralectotypes designated below, the original type series is composed by 75 specimens (35 males and 40 females). The material indicated as hosted on author’s collection (IBSP) was not found. Studied material: Lectotype (hereby designated): male (MZUSP)“[white label] Cyrtonotum punctithorax / Fischer, 1933 | [white label] Fliegenfalle / São Paulo / 2-2-1933 | [red, black bordered label] Cotypus | [white label] ♂ ”. Paralectotypes, hereby designated: male (NHMW) “ São Paulo Capital / 14. Dez. 1932 / Carlos R. Fischer, leg. | ♂ | Curtonotum punctithorax, Fischer. det. Wirth, 1913”; female (MZUSP) “ Cyrtonotum punctithorax | Fischer, 1933 | Cotypus | Fliegenfalle / São Paulo / 31-1-1933 | ♀ ”; male (USNM) “Cotypus | São Paulo, Brasil / Capital, 30-1-1933 / C.R. Fischer leg. | Cyrtonotum punctithorax / Fischer, 1933 ♂ ”; female (USNM) “Cotypus | São Paulo, Brasil / Capital, 30-1-1933 / C.R. Fischer leg. | Cyrtonotum punctithorax / Fischer, 1933 ♀ ”; female (USNM) “Cotypus | São Paulo, Brasil / Capital, 5-2-1933 / C.R. Fischer leg. | Cyrtonotum punctithorax / Fischer, 1933 ♀ ”.

scambum Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 86. Type-locality: PERU, Loreto, Iquitos. Distr.: Peru. Refs.: Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key). Holotype male (USNM).

simplex Schiner,1868:237 ( Fig.2 ) stat.rev. Type-locality: BRAZIL. Distr.: Brazil, Mexico (probably misid.). Refs.: Giglio-Tos, 1895: 36 ( Diplocentra comb., cat.); Wulp, 1897: 354 (ch., in Diplocentra ); Aldrich, 1905: 641 ( Cyrtonotum comb., cat.); Hendel, 1913: 618 (key: as Curtonotum ); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 124 (cat.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 107 (tax. notes). Holotype female (NHMW). Comments: Curtonotum simplex undoubtedly belongs to the same species-group comprising C. im- puctatum and C. curtispinum . In many features it agrees with the proposed description for C. curtispinum , including coloring patterns, setae positioning and wing appearance. Both species have similar type localities, coming from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Although we have the pictures of the type material in hand, a more detailed analysis (specimens in hands) is necessary for the taking of nomenclature acts. Probably C. curtispinum is a junior synonym of C. simplex , but they should be treated as different species until further analysis.

taeniatum Hendel, 1913: 629 . Type-locality: PERU, Ucayali, Urubamba River. Distr.: Bolivia, Brazil, Peru. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 620 (key); Enderlein, 1917: 69 (n. occ.); Sturtevant,1921:114 (ch.), 124(cat.); Malloch, 1930: 326 (syn. of C. gibbum ( Fabricius,1805)) ; Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Thompson & Pont, 1993: 80 (syn. and replacement name for Musca gibba Fabricius, 1805 ); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 25 (key), 75 (reds.), 79 (lect. desing.). Lectotype male (SMTD).

gibba (Fabricius), 1805: 297 ( Musca ). Type-locality: South America. Distr. Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Mexico, Suriname. Refs.: Wiedemann, 1830: 586 (comb. in Helomyza ); Macquart,1843:350 (comb.in Curtonotum ), pl. 25 (figs. 9-10); Rondani, 1848: 78 (sync. list); Walker, 1849: 1090 (sync. list); Schiner, 1864: 23 (tax. notes); Schiner,1868:237 (tax.notes); Giglio-Tos,1895:36 (syn. in Diplocentra ); Wulp, 1897: 353 (ch., in Diplocentra ); Aldrich, 1905: 641 (cat.); Coquillett, 1910: 529 (tax. notes); Hendel, 1913: 619 (key, as gibbum ), 625 (tax.); Enderlein, 1917: 70 (sync. list, tax. notes), 71 (n. occ.); Frey,1919:14 (ch.); Sturtevant,1921:33 (notes, as gibbum ), 114 (ch.), 123 (cat.); Hendel, 1933: 77 (sync. list); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Thompson & Pont, 1993: 80 (syn. and replacement name for Musca gibba Fabricius ); Papavero, 2002: 1 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 79 (lect. design.). Lectotype female (ZMUC).

trypetipenne Hendel, 1913: 620 . Type-locality: PERU, Ucayali,Unini.Distr.:Brazil,Bolivia,Colombia,Ecuador, Peru.Refs.: Hendel,1913:619 (key); Enderlein,1917:71 (n. comb. in Diplocentra , reds.); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 124 (cat.); Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 2 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 25 (key), 55 (reds.), 57 (lect. design.); Mello, 2016: 717 (cat.). Lectotype female (SMTD).

tumidum Enderlein, 1917: 68 (Cyrtonotum) . Typelocality: SURINAME. Distr.: Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname. Refs.: Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 3 (cat.); Papavero, 2002:1 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 26 (key), 80 (reds.), 83 (lect. design.); Mello, 2016: 717 (cat.). Lectotype male (HNHM).

vulpinum Hendel, 1913: 627 . Type-locality: PERU, Pichis, Puerto Bermudez. Distr.: Bolivia, Peru. Refs.: Hendel, 1913: 619 (key); Enderlein, 1917: 69 (n. occ.); Sturtevant, 1921: 114 (ch.), 124 (cat.); Fischer, 1933: 88 (ch.); Wirth, 1975: 3 (cat.); Klymko & Marshall, 2011: 11-15 (phyl. rels.), 25 (key), 64 (tax. notes). Syntypes male and female (SMTD).

Figures

Figure 1. Curtonotum punctithorax (Fischer, 1933), lectotype male herein designated. (A) Habitus, lateral view; (B) Labels. Images provided by the Museu de Zoologia,Universidade de São Paulo.

Figure 2. Curtonotum simplexSchiner,1868,holotype female.(A) Habitus,lateral view;(B) Habitus,dorsal view;(C) Labels.

Figure 3. Curtonotum curtispinumKlymko & Marshall,2011,holotype male.(A) Habitus,lateral view;(B) Habitus,dorsal view;(C) Head,frontal view; (D) Labels.