Antrops femoralis (Blanchard) KITS & MARSHALL, 2013

KITS, JOEL H. & MARSHALL, STEPHEN A., 2013, <p class = " HeadingRunIn " align = " left "> <strong> Generic classification of the Archiborborinae (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae), with a revision of <em> Antrops </ em> Enderlein, <em> Coloantrops </ em> gen. nov., <em> Maculantrops </ em> gen. nov., <em> Photoantrops </ em> gen. nov., and <em> Poecilantrops </ em> gen. nov. </ strong> </ p>, Zootaxa 3704 (1), pp. 1-113 : 28-32

Antrops femoralis (Blanchard) , comb. nov.

( Figs. 2 , 38, 43 , 202 )

Borborus femoralis Blanchard 1852: 467

Archiborborus (Procopromyza) femoralis . Comb. Richards 1967: 3

Archiborborus submaculatus Duda 1921: 130 syn. nov.

Archiborborus argentinensis Papp 1977: 92 syn. nov.

Description. Occiput dark brown, face and gena yellow to orange, frons intermediately coloured. Clypeus yellowish brown, prementum yellowish brown, antenna orangish brown, maxillary palp yellowish brown. Mostly covered with microtomentum, but usually with shiny spots lateral to ocelli. Ocellar bristles just anterior to medial ocellus. Anterior genal bristle about 0.6X length of vibrissa, subvibrissal bristle barely or not developed, about 0.3X length of vibrissa.

Thorax reddish brown to dark brown, covered with microtomentum except thin shiny strip at lower edge of anepisternum. Scutellum sometimes with shiny patches. Halter whitish, brown at base of knob.

Leg colour variable, variation apparently geographically based. Often dark brown, paler at joints, with yellowish fore coxa. In more northern populations, femur 1 and 2 often partially or entirely orange. Tibia 2 with row of anterodorsal, 1 anteroventral, 1 posteroventral, 5 subapical bristles. Tibia 3 with 3 ventroapical bristles, sometimes with thin anteroventral bristle. Male fore basotarsomere with a small curved spur.

Wing pale brown, with whitish spots on crossveins r-m and dm-cu, and 2 on vein R 4+5 distal to r-m.

Abdomen with tergites brown to dark brown, covered with microtomentum. Sternites weakly sclerotized in both sexes.

Male postabdomen: Sternite 5 with short, broad anterior apodeme, posterior margin with corners projecting, not recurved, pointed, not emarginated medially ( Fig. 43 ). Surstylus scooped, anterior face concave, posterior face rounded. Pregonite apparently fused with postgonite. Postgonite with anterior lobe nearly right-angled, posterior lobe broad and pointed. Basiphallus with short broad epiphallus, short narrow preepiphallus. Distiphallus with a short, smooth dorsal tube, distal portion without a dorsal medial rounded plate, ventral tip long and thin ( Fig. 38 ).

Female postabdomen: Tergites 6–7 and sternites 6–7 fully sclerotized, rectangular, wider than long, covered with microtomentum. Tergites with 3 posterior strips, sternites with 2 posterior strips. Tergite 8 nearly square, about two-thirds covered with microtomentum, shiny laterally and anteriorly. Epiproct with 2 pairs of setae, anterior arms long and broad, with microtomenum distally. Cerci thin, covered with microtomentum. Sclerites of sternite 8 with anterolateral corners extended, nearly reaching base of tergite 8, pinched near base, apical two-thirds broad and covered with microtomentum. Hypoproct round, mostly sclerotized medially, anterior margin shiny. Spermathecae barrel-shaped, slightly longer than wide, with long apical invagination, sclerotized duct slightly shorter than spermathecae.

Type material. Borborus femoralis : Lectotype ♂ (here designated): “MUSEUM PARIS/ CHILI /GAY 1836” ( MNHN; examined) . Paralectotype: same data as lectotype (1 ♀, MNHN). Both specimens are glued ventral side down on rectangles of acetate, but the distinctive fifth sternite of the male is visible through the acetate. We have added a red label to the pin of the lectotype .

Archiborborus submaculatus : Holotype ♀: CHILE: [Magallanes:] Punta Arenas , 6 Feb 1908 ( SMTD; examined).

Archiborborus argentinensis : Holotype ♂: ARGENTINA: Río Negro : El Bolsón, [forehill of Mt. Piltriquitron, 350 m,] 24 Apr 1961, Gy. Topál, no. 413 (HMNH; photos examined).

Other material examined. ARGENTINA: Neuquén: Lolog , 7 km N San Martín de Los Andes, 900 m, nr. stream, pans, 23 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (2 ♂, DEBU) ; Lolog, 7km N San Martín de Los Andes, Gentili Cabin , pans & FIT along streambed, 18–21 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Lolog, 7km N San Martín de Los Andes, Gentili property, 900 m, nr. pond, FIT, 23 Nov–1 Dec 1989, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, 4 ♀, DEBU) ; Villa La Angostura, forest nr. Laguna Verde , dung traps, 26–28 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Río Negro: Bariloche , Nov 1926, R. & E. Shannon (1 ♀, USNM) ; Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia , seashore, rabbit burrow, 12 Feb 1992, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Ushuaia , 3 km E, marshy area nr. river, pan traps, 11–14 Feb 1992, S.A. Marshall (2 ♀, DEBU) . CHILE: Aisén: Chaitén , 37 km SE, 60 m, riverside 2nd forest, carrion trap, 28 Dec 1984 – 30 Jan 1985, S. & J. Peck (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Puerto Aisén, Río Simpson Nat. Pk., 33 km E, 70 m, select cut forest, carrion trap, 31 Dec 1984 – 26 Jan 1985, S. & J. Peck (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Puerto Cisnes, 16–28 Feb 1961, L. Peña (1 ♀, CNCI) ; Puerto Cisnes, 40 km N, Queulat Pass , 500 m, mossy beech forest, carrion trap, 30 Dec 1984 – 28 Jan 1985, S. & J. Peck (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Puerto Puyuhuapi, 25 Oct 1939, G.H. Schwabe (1 ♂, DEI) ; as above but 26 Oct 1939 (2 ♂, 4 ♀, DEI) ; as above but 27 Oct 1939 (1 ♀, DEI) ; Yelcho Chio, Ventisquero Br., 70 km SE of Chaitén , 200 m, mixed beech forest, carrion trap, 29 Dec 1984 – 29 Jan 1985, S. & J. Peck (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Araucanía: Angol , 1 Jan 1951, Ross & Michelbacher (1 ♂, CASC) ; as above but 1 Oct 1925, [no collector] (1 ♂, USNM) ; as above but 19 Sep 1925 (1 ♂, USNM) ; as above but 19 Sep 1928 (1 ♀, USNM) ; as above but 2 Sep 1928 (1 ♀, USNM) ; as above but 24 Sep 1926 (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM) ; as above but 27 Oct 1926 (1 ♀, USNM) ; as above but 8 Aug 1932, D.S. Bullock (1 ♀, USNM) ; Lago Tinquilco , 30 km E Pucón, 750 m, yellow pans, 7–10 Dec 2002, L. Masner (4 ♂, DEBU) ; Pucón , drift nr. lake, pan traps, 6–8 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but in lakeside debris, 8–13 Nov 1989 (4 ♂, 3 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but lakeshore, FIT, 15 Nov–2 Dec 1989 (12 ♂, 7 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but carrion trap (4 ♂, 3 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but pans in wrack (1 ♂, 2 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but near lake, dung traps, 9–16 Nov 1989 (1 ♂, 3 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but near lake in drift, FIT, 6–8 Nov 1989 (1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but on peninsula, Malaise trap, 15 Nov–2 Dec 1989 (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Pucón, Villarrica Nat. Pk., old Beech slash nr. treeline, 8 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Purén, Contulmo Nat. Mon. , 350 m, evergreen forest, rotten mushroom, 11 Nov 1984, S. & J. Peck (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Río Manzanares , 2 Jan 1966, Flint & Ceklovic (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM) ; Salto de la Princesa, 25 km E Curacautín , 750 m, yellow pans, 7–8 Dec 2002, L. Masner (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Temuco , 22 km E, Jun–Jul 1951, M.G. Smith (1 ♀, BMNH) ; Termas de Palguín , 30 km E of Pucón, under Araucaria branches, ridge above valley, 12 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Termas de Palguín , 33 km E Pucón, 680 m, 6 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (2 ♂, 2 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but sweep, 12 Nov 1989 (1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but along spring in woods, 6 Nov 1989 (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Volcán Villarrica , 1120 m, 15–29 Dec 1982, A. Newton & M. Thayer (1 ♂, DEBU) ; as above but near treeline, FIT, 9 Nov 1989, S.A. Marshall (2 ♂, DEBU) ; as above but swept in Nothofagus (1 ♀, DEBU); as above but nr. edge of old lava flow, FIT, 10 Nov–3 Dec 1989 (4 ♂, 2 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but nr. treeline, pan (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Biobío: Alto Tregualemu , ca. 20 km SE Chovellen, 500 m, 26–27 Jan 1979, D. & M. Davis, B. Akerbergs (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM) ; Cord. Nahuelbuta , 41 km E Cañete, 1070 m, 8 Feb 1998, N.E. Woodley (1 ♀, USNM) ; Laraquete , yellow pans, 10–25 Jan 1993, P. Salinas (11 ♂, 8 ♀, DEBU) ; Puchacay , 16 Jan 1980, O. Madrid (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Los Lagos: Aguas Calientes , 7 Feb 1978, W.N. Mathis (1 ♂, USNM) ; Aguas Calientes , 1 km SE, 530 m, 7–8 Feb 1978, W.N. Mathis (4 ♂, USNM) ; Alerce Andino Natl. Pk., trail to Laguna Fría , 400 m, dung & carrion pans, 1 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (2 ♂, DEBU) ; Anticura , 1 km W, 430 m, 1–3 Feb 1978, W.N. Mathis (4 ♂, USNM) ; Anticura , 4 km E, 430 m, 19–26 Dec 1982, Newton & Thayer (2 ♂, DEBU) ; Anticura , 4 km W, 270 m, 19–25 Dec 1982, Newton & Thayer (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Anticura , 6 km E, 430 m, 19–25 Dec 1982, Newton & Thayer (5 ♂, DEBU) ; Antillanca Road , 1235 m, Nothofagus forest, yellow pans, 10 Dec 2003, L. Masner (2 ♂, DEBU) ; Chepu , on seashore, Oct 1958, G. Kuschel (1 ♂, USNM) ; Chiloé I., Chiloé Natl. Pk. , 0 m, yellow pans, 11–12 Dec 2002, L. Masner (6 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Chiloé I., Lago Huinchillo , 10 m, yellow pans, 11–12 Dec 2002, L. Masner (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Chiloé I., Miraflores, Lago Tepuhuico , 15 m, shoreline forest, yellow pans, 13–15 Feb 2005, [no collector] (3 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Chiloé I., Terao , 10 km S Chonchi, lower meadow, north side, yellow pans, 13–15 Feb 2005, [no collector] (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Cima Oncol, 490–650 m, Valdivian forest , 10–11 Jan 2006, A.R. Plant (2 ♂, NMWC) ; El Chinque , N Correntoso, Jan 1990, L.E. Peña (1 ♀, CNCI) ; Isla Mulchey, Punta Ballena , 19 Sep 1969, O.S. Flint, Jr. (1 ♂, USNM) ; Los Muermos, 12 km S, 100 m, Nothofagus swamp, 12 Nov 1966, E.I. Schlinger & M.E. Irwin (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Parque Nac. Puyehue , 1600 m, 18–24 Dec 1982, A. Newton & M. Thayer (5 ♂, 2 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but 720 m (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Petruhué , 100 m, Nothofagus forest, 15 Nov 1966, M.E. Irwin & E.I. Schlinger (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Pucatrihue , 27–30 Jan 1978, W.N. Mathis (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM) ; Puerto Montt, 1 Dec 1926, R. & E. Shannon (1 ♀, USNM) ; Puyehue Natl. Pk., Aguas Caliente , 480 m, river edge, bamboo, 3 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Puyehue Natl. Pk., Anticura , 19–25 Dec 1982, Newton & Thayer (1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but 375 m, 3–4 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Puyehue Natl. Pk., Anticura, Sendero Repucura , 447 m, Nothofagus / Chusquea forest, yellow pans, 17–18 Feb 2005, [no collector] (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Puyehue Natl. Pk., Aquas Calientes, 600 m, Nothofagus forest, Malaise , 18 Dec 1984 – 8 Feb 1985, S. & J. Peck (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Reserva Costera Valdiviana , 510 m, mixed Fitzroya /podocarp forest, 15 Jan 2006, A.R. Plant (1 ♀, NMWC) ; Reserva Costera Valdiviana , SW of Chaihuín, 700 m, Fitzroya cupressoides forest, 15 Jan 2006, A.R. Plant (1 ♀, NMWC) ; Río San Pedro , 24 km NE of Los Lagos, river bank slope forest, yellow pans, 13–18 Nov 2000, L. Packer (11 ♂, 5 ♀, DEBU) ; Vicente Pérez Rosales Natl. Pk., Mirador El Bosque , 900 m, dung pans, 2 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (2 ♀, DEBU) ; Vicente Pérez Rosales Natl. Pk., Volcan Osorno rd., 300 m, carrion pans, 2 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but dung pans (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Los Ríos: La Unión, 34 km WNW, 700 m, mixed evergreen forest, FIT, 17 Dec 1984 – 7 Feb 1985, S. & J. Peck (2 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Magallanes: Laguna Parillar Natl. Res., trail to Tres Morros , 300 m, 26–29 Nov 2008, Kits & Marshall (14 ♂, 8 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but bog, Cyttaria pans (2 ♂, 4 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but forest, yellow pans, 26 Nov 2008 (2 ♂, 6 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but forest stream, dung pans, 29 Nov 2008 (7 ♂, 3 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but shrubby bog (2 ♂, DEBU) ; Magallanes Natl. Res., trail to Mirador Zapador Austral , 400 m, 27 Nov 2008, Kits & Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Punta Arenas , 8 km W, 15–16 Apr 1971, Flint & Ceklovic (1 ♂, USNM) ; Rubens , 60 km ESE of Puerto Natales, 200 m, beech woodland, carrion trap, 9–14 Jan 1985, S. & J. Peck (1 ♂, 2 ♀, DEBU) ; Río San Pedro , river mouth, 5 m, forest, 27 Nov 2008, Kits & Marshall (3 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; San Juan, 1.5 km S, 1 m, dung pans, 27 Nov 2008, Kits & Marshall (5 ♂, 4 ♀, DEBU) ; Torres del Paine Natl. Pk., Lago Pehoe , 135 km N Puerto Natales, Nothofagus pumilio groves, steppe, carrion trap, 10–12 Jan 1985, S. & J. Peck (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Maule: Estero de la Jaula, Nothofagus forest, Jan 1964, L.E. Peña (1 ♂, CNCI) ; Pelluhue, along Río Curanilahue , 26 Nov 2006, S.A. Marshall (3 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Putú , ca. 15 km N Constitución, along stream, 26 Nov 2006, S.A. Marshall (2 ♂, DEBU) ; Valparaíso: Juan Fernández, Masatierra , El Camote, 600 m, 28 Dec 1954, [no collector] (1 ♂, USNM) ; La Campana Natl. Pk. , 22 Nov 2006, S.A. Marshall (2 ♂, 4 ♀, DEBU) ; La Campana Natl. Pk., Granizo , 500 m, along stream, 7 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (2 ♂, 4 ♀, DEBU) ; La Campana Natl. Pk., Palmas de Ocoa, 400 m, dry streambed, Malaise , 6–8 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (1 ♂, 2 ♀, DEBU) ; Olmué , pans by stream, 27 Nov 2006, S.A. Marshall (2 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but along stream, 21 Nov 2006 (9 ♂, 6 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Malaise traps, 24–29 Jan 1992, Marshall & Schisler (1 ♂, DEBU) ; as above but open forest, dung traps, 23–28 Jan 1992, S.A. Marshall (3 ♂, 4 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Bahía Cumberland , Malaise trap, 1–11 Jan 1993, Marshall & González (3 ♂, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Damajuana , pan traps, 8–11 Jan 1993, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., English Bay , open forest, 5 Jan 1993, S.A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Mirador de Selkirk , top, pan traps, 1–10 Jan 1993, S.A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., N side El Yunque , 1–9 Feb 1973, L.E. Peña (2 ♂, CNCI) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Plazoleta del Yunque , among crushed bramble leaves, 25 Jan 1992, S.A. Marshall (5 ♂, 12 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but crushed vegetation, 24 Jan 1992 (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Plazoleta trail, crushed vegetation, 24 Jan 1992, S.A. Marshall (3 ♂, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Plazoleta / El Yunque trail, dung traps, 23 Jan 1992, S.A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but among crushed bramble leaves, 25 Jan 1992 (4 ♂, 16 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but in wet area, pans, 23–29 Jan 1992 (1 ♂, DEBU) ; as above but near Plazoleta campsite, FITs/pans (1 ♂, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., S side Mirador de Selkirk , 500 m, along creek, pans, 5–10 Jan 1993, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; as above but seep, 1 Jan 1993 (2 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., Villagra , aspirated in litter, 4 Jan 1993, Marshall & González (2 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., above Plazoleta , intermittent streambed, pan traps, 1–9 Jan 1993, S.A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., lower El Yunque trail, near town, sweep, 29 Dec 1992, Marshall & González (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., nr. Plazoleta del Yunque , wet areas, pan traps, 24–28 Jan 1992, S.A. Marshall (2 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., quebrada on S side Mirador de Selkirk , 4 Jan 1993, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU) ; as above but fern forest, pan traps, 1–10 Jan 1993 (6 ♂, 2 ♀, DEBU) ; Robinson Crusoe I., slopes of El Yunque , open forest, 23–28 Jan 1992, S.A. Marshall (1 ♂, 1 ♀, DEBU) ; Santiago, 70 km W, Malaise , 6–11 Jan 1992, A. Goering (1 ♀, DEBU) ; Zapallar , Quebrada El Tigre, above tennis club, 100 m, 9 Dec 2008, Kits & Marshall (3 ♂, DEBU) .

Comments. Borborus femoralis was treated as an unrecognizable species by Richards (1967) and Roháček et al. (2001). Two specimens located by A. Norrbom in the MNHN appear to be part of the type series. Although neither is labelled as such, they match the description given by Blanchard, and as part of the Gay collection they were almost certainly examined by Blanchard while describing Chilean Diptera . As females of this species are difficult to identify, the male is here designated as the lectotype to ensure accurate application of the name; the female is labelled as a paralectotype.

Although not dissected, the holotype of Archiborborus submaculatus has shiny patches on the frons and a yellow fore coxa contrasting with a dark brown femur, and thus can be confidently determined as this species.

Papp (1977) suggested the relative contrast of the wing spots and the form of the male sternite 5 distinguished Archiborborus argentinensis from other species in the genus. However, the contrast of the wing spots are quite variable within Antrops and do not signify species-level differences. Sternite 5 in the holotype is typical of this species, although apparently distorted during the drying process.

This species closely resembles A. quadrinotus (Bigot) . Males of A. quadrinotus apparently always have dark fore coxae and lack the shiny spots on the frons, while males of A. femoralis are variable for both characters; males are always readily separated by genitalic morphology. Females with either pale fore coxae or shiny spots on the frons probably belong to A. femoralis , but if some individuals lack both of these characters they would appear identical to A. quadrinotus .

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Archiborborine adults, live habitus photos: (1) Maculantrops hirtipes, Olmue, Chile; (2) Antrops femoralis, Olmue, Chile; (3) A. annulatus, Olmue, Chile; (4) Boreantrops undescribed species, Savegre Lodge, Costa Rica; (5) Antrops inca, Wayqecha, Peru; (6) Frutillaria abdita Kits & Marshall, Putú, Chile. Photos by SAM.

FIGURES 38–45. Antrops male terminalia. (38) A. femoralis, phallus, postgonite, and phallapodeme, lateral view; (39) A. fulignosus, phallus, postgonite, and phallapodeme, lateral view; (40) A. hirtus, phallus, postgonite, and phallapodeme, lateral view, (41) A. hirtus, surstylus, anterior view; (42) A. maculipennis, phallus, postgonite, and phallapodeme, lateral view; (43) A. femoralis, sternite 5; (44) A. fulignosus, sternite 5; (45) A. maculipennis, sternite 5.

FIGURES 195–203. Antrops distribution maps. (195) A. annulatus; (196) A. anovariegatus; (197) A. aurantifemur; (198) A. baeza; (199) A. bucki (circles), A. niger (stars); (200) A. chaetosus (circles), A. didactylos (stars); (201) A. diversipennis; (202) A. femoralis; (203) A. fuliginosus.