Magnolia minor (Urb.) Govaerts

Testé, Ernesto, García-Beltrán, José Angel, Palmarola, Alejandro, Robert, Thierry & Bécquer, Eldis R., 2023, Taxonomic update of Magnolia subsect. Talauma (Magnoliaceae) from Cuba, Phytotaxa 598 (2), pp. 124-132 : 127-128

2. Magnolia minor (Urb.) Govaerts in Frodin & Govaerts (1996: 71).

Type:— CUBA. Wright 1100 ( B 100248228!, lectotype, designated by Palmarola et al. 2016; possible isolectotype: BM 574752!). Homotypic synonyms: Talauma minor Urban (1912: 7) . Svenhedinia minor (Urb.) Urban (1927: 3) .

Trees up to 30 m tall, 0.76. 8 m in diameter. Leaves with petiole of 1.5–5.0 cm, leaf blade 8.0–17.7 × 4.8–10.7 cm, elliptic, length-width ratio 1.14 to 2.48(–2.58), apex round, obtuse, sometime retuse or truncate, base round, obtuse, adaxial surface dark green, abaxial light green, glabrous, prominently reticulate-veined on both sides, midrib flat above, prominent below. Flowers terminal, often paired, sepals 3, oval–linear, initially greenish white, quickly turning brown, up to 2.6 × 1.4 cm, petals 6, cream, in two cycles, the 3 outer elliptic or elliptic-cuneate, up to 2.5 × 0.8 cm, the inner petals narrowly ovate-cuneate, apiculate, up to 2.4 × 0.6 cm, stamens up to 23, linear, cream to white (from base to connective 0.4 cm); gynoecium 5–8 carpels. Polyfollicle spherical or elliptic, 1.6–4.0 × 1.2–3.0 cm.

Phenology: —Flowering January–December, fruiting January–August.

Notes: — Magnolia minor (Urb.) Govaerts expanded their species limit from the proposed by Bisse (1974, 1988), Imchanickaja (1993), and Palmarola et al. (2016) to include the individuals considered by Bisse (1974, 1988) as Talauma oblongifolia (except the type) ( Fig. 1 ), which were treated by Palmarola et al. (2016) as part of the variability of Magnolia oblongifolia (León) Palmarola , which also includes Talauma ophiticola Bisse.

Palmarola et al. (2016) considered seven isolectotypes without these being mentioned in the original description by Urban (1912). This confusion was caused by material collected by Wright (Wright 1100, 1860–1864) in at least two localities (with different labels). When dealing with Wright’s collections, it is necessary to question their status as duplicates because, generally, one number includes material from several collections ( Howard 1988). The material with different types of labels likely belongs to different gatherings and, therefore, are in fact not duplicates. In the protologue of M. minor, Urban (1912) only mentioned the localities of the Shafer material (paratypes), and the type only mentioned Cuba. Because Urban did not mention Monte Verde, it can be inferred that he did not study the duplicates with the second type of label. In this way, the material from BM could be a duplicate of that at B, but those from the other herbaria are definitely not from the same gathering, so they should not be considered isolectotypes.

Distribution:— Widespread in north-eastern Cuba in rain forest, pine forest, secondary forest, gallery forest and plantations between 0-800 m a.s.l., in limestone derivative and serpentine soils.

Other specimens examined:— CUBA. Guantánamo: Baracoa, Cuchillas del Toa , Cayo Fortuna, en lomas de roca caliza, 2 Apr 1972, Bisse & Berazaín HFC-22312 ( HAJB, JE) ; Cuchillas del Toa, pluvisilva en las orillas del río Toa , cerca de Cayo Fortuna, 26 Mar 1972, Bisse et al. HFC-22580 ( HAJB, JE) ; Cuchillas del Toa , orillas del arroyo Cayo Fortuna, 22 Mar 1972, Bisse et al. HFC-22812 ( HAJB, JE) ; Falda suroeste Yunque de Baracoa , Feb 1968, Bisse HFC-5321 ( HAJB, JE) ; In the foothills, 11 Jan 1915, Ekman 4198 ( S) ; Las Cuevas de Cayo Guin , orillas del arroyo suelo calizo, 12 Apr 1985, Álvarez et al. HFC-55740 ( HAJB, JE) ; Las Delicias del Duaba , Aug 2017, Díaz et al. HFC-89435 ( HAJB) ; Cuchillas del Toa : Cayo Fortuna, Oct 1970, Bisse HFC-16890 ( HAJB, JE) ; Río Báez, en Camarones , a 4 km de la carretera de Moa-Baracoa, 22 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89579 ( HAJB) ; Río Báez , en el puente de hierro a 1 km de la carretera Moa-Baracoa, 17 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89472 ( HAJB) ; Río Báez , en el puente de hierro a 1 km de la carretera Moa-Baracoa, 17 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89473 ( HAJB) ; Sendero El Recreo, a 1 km de Taco Bay en dirección a Moa, 17 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89467 ( HAJB) ; Sierra de Frijol, cayo Fortuna, resto de pluviosilva, en la orilla del río Toa , 11 May 1983, Bisse et al. HFC-49206 ( HAJB) ; Sierra de Nipe, in charrascales at Río Piloto , 14 Mar 1915, Ekman 5023 ( S) ; Imías: Comunidad Yumurí del Sur, a 4 km desde el mirador de Alto de Cotilla en dirección a Baracoa, 18 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89510 ( HAJB) ; Comunidad Yumurí del Sur, a 4 km desde el mirador de Alto de Cotilla en dirección a Baracoa, 18 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89511 ( HAJB) ; Cotilla: orillas del arroyo Cotilla matorral xeromorfo, 29 Apr 1986, Genes et al. HFC-59405 ( HAJB) ; En un valle al sureste del Alto de Cotilla , 29 May 1982, Bisse et al. HFC-47236 ( HAJB) ; Palenque, Bernardo, Sierra de Frijol , loma Bernardo, 21 May 1983, Arias et al. HFC-49946 ( HAJB, JE) ; Sierra de Imías Loma Jubal , 19 Jul 1975, Álvarez et al. HFC-27534 ( HAJB, JE) ; Sierra de Imías, Camino entre Tres Piedras y La María, 8 Apr 1984, Bisse et al. HFC-52496 ( HAJB, JE) ; Sierra de Imías: cabezadas del río Jojo , 15 Apr 1984, Bisse et al. HFC-53005 ( HAJB, JE) ; Yateras, Altiplano de Monte Cristi , sobre suelo calizo, May 1968, Bisse HFC-9291 ( HAJB, JE) , Felicidad de Yateras , pinar en la zona de Monte Cristi sobre caliza, 23 Aug 1971, Bisse HFC-20215 ( HAJB, JE) , Felicidad de Yateras: Monte Cristi , 12 May 1983, Arias et al. HFC-49827 ( HAJB, JE) , Sierra de Frijol , en el camino de Riíto a Cayo Fortuna, pluviosilva de montaña destruida, suelo ultrabasico, 700 m, 12 May 1983, Arias et al. HFC-49320 ( JE) . Holguín: Mayarí, Cayo Mujeres , 11 Apr 2016, Palmarola et al. HFC-89213 ( HAJB) ; Pinares de Mayarí, río Piloto en su curso medio, 1 May 1983, Arias et al. HFC-50616 ( HAJB, JE) ; Río Piloto , curso medio cerca de la Poza de Rafael, 22 Mar 2018, Gómez et al. HFC-89901 ( HAJB) ; Rio Seboruco to Falls of Rio Mayarí , Oriente, 23 Jan 1912, Shafer 3661 ( NY) ; Sierra de Nipe , en charrascales, 25 Jul 1914, Ekman 2189 ( S) ; Sierra de Nipe , chemin de la mine Woodfred, terrain sec et ouvert, 14–18 Mar 1944, Marie-Victorin & Clément 22087 ( US) . Moa: Arroyo Bueno , Alto de la Melba, 11 Aug 2017, Palmarola et al. HFC-89584-89585 ( HAJB) ; Camino desde Moa hacia La Melba ”, Jan 1969, J. Bisse HFC-12473 ( HAJB) ; Cayo Guam : entre el campismo y la poza del Ché, 1 Jul 2016, Palmarola et al. HFC-89243-89244 ( HAJB) ; km 10 camino a La Melba, 30 Dec 1968, Bisse HFC-12289-A ( HAJB) ; km 10 de la carretera de La Melba pluvisilva, 19 Apr 1981, Bisse et al. HFC-44507 ( HAJB) ; Los Farallones , sur de la Sierra de Moa, 31 Apr 1972, Bisse & Berazaín HFC-22238 ( HAJB, JE) ; Río Yamanigüey , cerca de la toma de agua, en la carretera Moa-Baracoa, 16 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89449 ( HAJB) ; Río Yamanigüey , cerca de la toma de agua, en la carretera Moa-Baracoa, 16 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89450 ( HAJB) ; Río Yamanigüey , cerca de la toma de agua, en la carretera Moa-Baracoa, 16 Jul 2017, Bécquer et al. HFC-89452 ( HAJB) ; Yamanigüey , 15 May 2016, Palmarola et al. HFC -89230 ( HAJB) . Sagua de Tánamo, Cupeyal del Norte , Camino a Castro, 26 Jul 2016, Falcón et al. HFC-88870 ( HAJB) ; Cupeyal del Norte, Hoyo de Mola , 29 Jul 2016, Falcón et al. HFC-88953, HFC-88955, HFC-88957, HFC-88958 ( HAJB) . Santiago de Cuba: Segundo Frente, Sierra Cristal , Cabezadas Río San Miguel , restos de pluviosilva, 23 Feb 1976, Areces et al. HFC-30554 ( HAJB, JE) ; Sierra Cristal, Orillas Río Levisa , Apr 1968, Bisse HFC-7248 ( HAJB) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. The main classifications of Magnolia subsect. Talauma in Cuba, with the taxonomic results of this research: M. orbiculata (Britton & P. Wilson) Palmarola, M. minor (Urb.) Govaerts, M. oblongifolia (León) Palmarola, Talauma ophiticola Bisse. The lines and points on the right of the blocks represents leaf shape variability from the morphological analyses of Testé et al. (2022a).