Cycadophila

Skelley, Paul, Xu, Guang, Tang, William, Lindström, Anders J., Marler, Thomas, Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh, Singh, Rita & Rich, Stephen, 2017, Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species, Zootaxa 4267 (1), pp. 1-63 : 10

Key to adults of Cycadophila

1. Lateral pronotal carinae narrow in lateral view, with carinal punctures in a single row ( Figs. 2 A,C); protibia dilated or not distally, lacking stout setae along lateral margin of protibia or with few setae at extreme apex ( Figs. 2 D–E) (may have stout setae along ventro-apical margin) [Subgenus Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley ]........................................ 2

- Lateral pronotal carinae thickened in lateral view, with carinal punctures scattered ( Fig. 2 B); protibia dilated distally with 5–6 short stout setae along apical third of lateral margin ( Figs. 2 F–G) [Subgenus Strobilophila, new subgenus]............ 16

2(1). Head dorsally flattened, clypeus flat in lateral view ( Fig. 2 A); ventral interocular distance 0.22-0.45× head width; prosternal process narrow (<1/2 width of profemur) with apex rounded; pronotal angles rounded, surface near anterior angle convex, lateral carinae evenly arched most of length, basally appearing rounded; body always yellow- or orange-brown (at least ventral body), elytra never solid color, with distinct color pattern..................................................... 3

- Head appearing dorsally ‘swollen’, clypeus convex in lateral view ( Figs. 2 C, 7E, 9E); ventral interocular distance 0.40-0.52× head width; prosternal process>1/2 width of profemur with apex truncate; pronotal angles sharply angulate, surface near angle reflexed, lateral carinae parallel most of length, basally appearing quadrate with basal margin angled where discal groove meets margin; unless teneral, body dark brown ventrally, elytra usually without distinct color pattern [ nigra species group] … 8

3(2). Protibia narrow distally, with apical fringe of fine distally directed setae, without stout spinules ( Fig. 2 D); male genitalia moderate in length, weakly twisted.......................................................................... 4

- Protibia dilated distally (distinctly in males*, less so in females), with apical fringe of short, stout, ventrally directed spinules ( Fig. 2 E); male genitalia short and distinctly twisted [ lata species group]........................................ 6 [*Note: Tibial and femoral dilation is sexually dimorphic in the lata group, and there is variation in males from major to minor leg development. Minor males or females may not key well beyond this point. In general, male protibiae are distinctly dilated in comparison to metatibiae, while female pro- and metatibiae are similarly dilated.]

4(3). Supraocular stria long, nearly full length of eye; terminal maxillary palpomere longer than entire length of labial palp; pronotum black, contrasting with orange-brown venter [ papua species group].......................................... 5

- Supraocular striae short, less than half length of eye; terminal maxillary palpomere shorter than entire length of labial palp; pronotum same orange-brown color as venter [ fupingensis species group]................................................................................................... .. Cycadophila (C.) fupingensis Skelley, Tang & Xu

5(4). Elytral orange marks broader, broadly reaching base between striae III–VIII; prosternal process with coxal lines parallel; Philippines....................................................................... C. (C.) samara , new species

- Elytral orange marks narrower, narrowly reaching base between striae V–VI; prosternal process with coxal lines diverging posteriorly; Papua New Guinea...................................................... C. (C.) papua , new species

6(3). Head width/ventral interocular distance ratio>4.00, eyes narrowly separated ventrally; width of elytra greatest anterior to middle; male mesotibia strongly dilated, lateral margin arched ( Fig. 2 J), female unknown; “Tonkin”.. .. C. (C.) lata (Grouvelle)

- Head width/ventral interocular distance ratio <3.50, eyes widely separated ventrally; width of elytra greatest at middle; male mesotibia weakly to strongly dilated, lateral margin straight or arched ( Figs. 2 H–I); China (Guangxi and Yunnan), northern Laos, northern Vietnam. ................................................................................ 7

7(6). Most with fine, distinct acute lateral projection at posterior pronotal angle behind pore (extension of basal margin, 25× or higher magnification may be needed) ( Fig. 2 L); major male mesofemora with posterior margin evenly arcuate from just past middle to apex ( Fig. 2 P); inhabiting Cycas debaoensis in Guangxi, China & C. hoabinhensis in northern Vietnam. .............................................................................. C. (C.) debaonica Xu, Tang & Skelley

- Most lacking (or at most with an indistinct, obtuse) fine lateral projection behind pore at posterior pronotal angle ( Fig. 2 K); major male mesofemora with posterior margin straight medially, abruptly turning to another flat margin apically ( Fig. 2 O); inhabiting Cycas collina & C. tanqingii in Yunnan, China, northern Laos and northern Vietnam. ..................................................................................................... C. (C.) collina , new species

Figures

FIGURE 2. Key characters of adults: photographs of lateral head and pronotal margin: A) Cycadophila (C.) fupingensis; B) C. (Strobilophila) tansachai; C) C. (C.) yunnanensis; SEM of protibia, ventral view: D) C. (C.) fupingensis; E) C. (C.) debaonica; F) C. (S.) tansachai; G) C. (S.) yangi; photographs of mesotibia, ventral view: H) C. (C.) debaonica female; I) C. (C.) debaonica male; J) C. (C.) lata male; photographs of left half of pronotum: K) C. (C.) collina; L) C. (C.) debaonica; M) C. (S.) kwaiensis; N) C. (S.) tansachai; photographs of mesofemur of major male: O) C. (C.) collina ex Vietnam; P) C. (C.) debaonica.