Eurythoe turcica, Çinar, 2008

Çinar, Melih Ertan, 2008, Description of a new fireworm, Eurythoe turcica sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Amphinomidae), from the Levantine coast of Turkey (eastern Mediterranean), with re-descriptions of Eurythoe parvecarunculata Horst and Amphinome djiboutiensis Gravier based on type material, Journal of Natural History 42 (29 - 30), pp. 1975-1990 : 1976-1983

Eurythoe turcica sp. nov.

( Figures 2–4)

Material examined

Holotype. ESFM-POL/2007-35 , 8 July 2007, off Çevlik, YDT3, 36 ° 029510 N 35 ° 569230 E, 50 m, within a section of sunken wood, Bottom Trawl, coll. Tübitak 104Y065.

Paratypes. ESFM-POL/2007-33 , 11 specimens, 8 July 2007, off Çevlik , Levantine coast of Turkey, YDT3, 36 ° 029510 N 35 ° 569230 E, 50 m, within a section of sunken wood on mud, bottom trawl, coll. Tübitak 104Y065 Project ; ESFM-POL/05-435 , two specimens, 10 September 2005, Iskenderun Bay , DT3, 36 ° 409500 N 35 ° 429600 E, 40 m, on mud, bottom trawl, coll. Tübitak 104Y065 Project ; ESFM-POL/05-447 ,

three specimens, 8 September 2005, Iskenderun Bay, DT2, 36 ° 379410 N 36 ° 069230 E, 60 m, on mud, bottom trawl, coll. Tübitak 104Y065 Project.

Description

Holotype complete, 67 mm long, 3 mm wide, with 80 chaetigers. Body long, elongate, somewhat rectangular in cross-section, becoming enlarged in middle region, then gradually shortened towards posterior end; dorsal and ventral surfaces of body somewhat flattened; pale brownish, without any pigmentation, bases of chaetae dark brownish, midline of anterior ventral side of body dark brownish ( Figures 2, 3A, 5 A–C).

Prostomium subtriangular, rounded anteriorly; dorsally divided into two lobes by a deep transverse groove ( Figures 3A, 5A,B). Anterior lobe subrectangular, rounded anteriorly, smaller than posterior one; partly covered by chaetiger 1. Posterior lobe inverted conical shape; partly concealed by chaetiger 1. Prostomium with two lateral antennae and one median antenna; lateral antennae conical, emerging on anteriodorsal sides of prostomium; median antenna slender, tapering, with rounded tip, situated between posterior eyes; extending back to anterior side of chaetiger 3 ( Figures 3A, 5A,B). Antennae with indistinct annulations. Two pairs of eyes, large, black, spherical, in almost rectangular arrangement; anterior pair slightly larger than posterior pair; partly concealed by contraction of chaetiger 1. A pair of palps located on anterior ventrolateral part of prostomium; conical in shape, almost similar shape and size to lateral antennae. Buccal opening occupying three chaetigers. Caruncle small, rounded; extending over chaetiger 1 ( Figures 3A, 5A,B). Peristomium reduced to lobed lips ( Figure 5B).

All parapodia biramous; notopodia and neuropodia distinctly separated, with a dorsal and ventral cirrus; with distinct, irregular annulations; dorsal cirri slender tapering; ventral cirri conical; dorsal cirri longer than ventral cirri on all chaetigers ( Figure 3C). Ventral cirri emerging on ventral part of chaetal fascicles; dorsal cirri emerging on posterior part of chaetal lobe. All parapodia with blunt chaetal lobes; dorsal lobe larger, conical in anterior segments. Posterior segments with chaetal lobes reduced to small protuberances.

Branchiae present from chaetiger 3 to end of body, dendritically branched throughout, except on last three chaetigers where branchiae have only one filament ( Figures 3A, D, 5A,B). Anterior branchiae well developed, with about 95 terminal filaments, reduced to 23 filaments on chaetiger 63, five filaments on chaetiger 75, one filament on last three posterior chaetigers; emerging on posterior dorsolateral part of segments. Filaments densely ciliated.

Three types of chaetae on parapodia of holotype; furcate chaetae ( Figures 4 A–E, 5I,J), serrated capillary with a minute basal spur ( Figures 4F, 5A), and harpoon chaetae ( Figures 4I,J, 5E,F). On one small specimen (Paratype, ESFM-POL/05-435 ), serrated capillary with a long basal spur present only on chaetiger 1 ( Figures 4G, 5G) .

Notopodia of chaetiger 2 of holotype with 20 furcate chaetae, 40 serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur and four aciculae; furcate chaetae with a long tine 69 mm long and a short tine 12.5 mm long ( Figure 4A); long tine finely serrated along its cutting edge; capillary chaetae, with a minute spur basally, finely serrated along its cutting edge; maximally 1000 mm long (distance from spur to tip); four aciculae, extending beyond notopodial lobe, enlarged distally, with rounded tip ( Figure 4H). Furcate chaetae on chaetiger 1 of a small specimen (paratype ESFM- POL/05-435 ) with long tine distinctly serrated ( Figure 4E). Neuropodia of chaetiger 2 with 14 furcate chaetae and 15 serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur; furcate chaeta with a long tine 64 mm long and a short tine 13 mm long; long tine with fine spines on cutting edge ( Figure 4B). Blade of serrated capillaries 525 mm long. Two aciculae, resembling those on notopodia .

Furcate chaetae absent on notopodia after chaetiger 4 and harpoon chaetae commencing on chaetiger 4.

Notopodia of chaetiger 7 with around 25 harpoon chaetae and 55 serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur ( Figure 4F); harpoon chaetae provided with fine denticles ( Figure 4I); blade of serrated capillaries maximally 1500 mm long ( Figure 4F); with relatively coarse serrations along cutting edge. Neuropodia with 22 furcate chaetae and six serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur; large furcate chaeta with a long tine 85 mm long and with a short tine broken; an unbroken furcate chaeta with long and short tines measuring 68 mm and 20 mm long, respectively. Aciculum not seen.

Notopodia of middle parapodia (chaetiger 31) with about 20 harpoon chaetae and 45 serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur; harpoon chaetae provided with eight relatively coarse denticles; blade of serrated capillary maximally 1500 mm long; aciculum not seen. Neuropodia with 12 furcate chaetae and one serrated capillary; furcate chaeta with a long tine 88 mm long, and a broken short tine (7 mm long) ( Figure 4C); blade of serrated capillary 625 mm long. Three aciculae, resembling those on chaetiger 2. After chaetiger 39, neuropodia with only furcate chaetae.

Notopodia on posterior parapodia (chaetiger 63) with about 20 harpoon chaetae and 55 serrated capillaries with a minute basal spur; harpoon chaeta provided with almost 14 coarse denticles ( Figure 4J); blade of serrated capillary chaetae maximally 1250 mm long. Neuropodia with only nine furcate chaetae; unbroken one with long tine 78 mm long and short tine 25 mm long; long tine without denticles along cutting edge; longest tine measuring 88 mm long ( Figure 4D).

Anal opening located terminally or slightly dorsally, occupying only one chaetiger. Pygidium with unpaired rounded anal papilla ( Figure 3B).

Reproduction

Holotype and some paratypes have sperm capsules within their coelom cavities; about 85 mm in diameter.

Etymology

The species name refers to the type locality, Turkey .