Catostola nairae ( Vieira, 2012 ) Camargo, Alexssandro, Vieira, Rodrigo & Rafael, José Albertino, 2023

Camargo, Alexssandro, Vieira, Rodrigo & Rafael, José Albertino, 2023, Taxonomic review of Ctenodontina Enderlein, 1914 with the revalidation of Catostola Hull, 1958 (Diptera: Asilidae: Asilinae) and description of a new species, Zootaxa 5276, pp. 1-71 : 44-51

Catostola nairae ( Vieira, 2012) comb. nov.

( Figs 27–31 , 45 )

Ctenodontina nairae Vieira, 2012: 2 , figs. 1, 2f, 3a–3b, 4a–4j; Vieira, 2014: 313, figs. 1–5 (female description); Vieira, Ayala-Landa & Rafael, 2017: 290, figs. 1, 7–9 (key); Lamas & Camargo, 2021 (online catalogue); Sánchez & Camargo, 2021: 277 , 278, fig. 6 (comments, key, prey).

Diagnosis. Face yellow pruinose; mystacal macrosetae yellow, with a row of black macrosetae mid-dorsally ( Fig. 27C–D ); second article of stylus weakly enlarged subapically ( Fig. 28A–B ); fore and mid femora black anterodorsally and yellow posterodorsally, hind femur entirely black ( Fig. 27A ); terminalia shining black ( Fig. 28E–G ); epandrium with posterior projection ventrally ending in a pointed tip and dorsally at mid-length with a slight, rounded indentation sickle-shaped ( Fig. 29E ); gonostylus boomerang-shaped with a row of setae dorsally ( Fig. 30F ); cercus 3–4 short and stout macrosetae ventrally, apically ( Fig. 30H–I ); subepandrial sclerite with a conspicuous ventral keel ( Fig. 30H ) and ventrally with a pair of rounded projections densely setose ( Fig. 30H–I ).

Redescription. Paratype male ( Figs 27 , 28D–G ). Head ( Fig. 27C–D ): eyes black; face yellow pruinose; mystacal macrosetae yellow, with a row of black macrosetae mid-dorsally ( Fig. 27C–D ); subvibrissal macrosetae and setae yellow; gena yellow pruinose; palpus black with dark brown almost black setae, except at base ventrally with yellow setae; proboscis black, labial setae yellow, proboscial setae yellow with two brown macrosetae distally; antennal socket black, yellow pruinose; frons yellow pruinose; orbital setae black; ocellar tubercle black, yellow pruinose with 4 proclinate black setae; vertex and occiput yellow pruinose; 7–8 dark yellow postocular macrosetae (proximal 5 black), other occipital setae yellow with black setae dorsally; lateral occipital and lower occipital setae yellow, slightly branched. Antenna: scape and pedicel black, scape slightly dark reddish apically, black setose, sparsely yellow pruinose; postpedicel black, yellowish pruinose with 2–3 short yellowish setae dorsally at base; stylus dark reddish brown, first article minute, second article long and slender, weakly enlarged subapically ending in a dark reddish tip ( Fig. 28A–B ).

Thorax ( Fig. 27A–B ): ochre brown pruinose; antepronotum and postpronotum ochre brown pruinose laterally; scutum with a pair of dark brown almost black pruinose paramedian stripes rounded anteriorly, laterally, and fading after postsutural spots; pre and postsutural spots and prescutellar spots dark brown almost black pruinose; median stripe brown pruinose; postalar wall and scutellum greyish brown pruinose ( Fig. 28D ); pleura ochre brown pruinose. Chaetotaxy: antepronotal macrosetae dark yellow and setae yellowish; 2 notopleural; 2 supra alar; 1 postalar and 6 pairs of dorsocentral black macrosetae after suture; scutum with short black acrostichal setae; scutellum with short sparse black discal scutellar setae ( Fig. 28D ); anepisternum with thin black setae dorsally and yellow posteriorly; katatergite with yellowish macrosetae and setae; remainder of pleura with very sparse, thin yellow setae.

Wings ( Fig. 28C ): yellowish translucent; veins dark brown, becoming reddish at base; R 4 slightly rounded in the junction with R 5; bifurcation of R 4 and R 5 beyond discal cell at a distance equivalent to the length of two crossvein r-m; crossvein r-m shortly after the middle of discal cell at a distance equivalent to the length of one crossvein m-m; cells m 3 and cua closed before wing margin. Halteres: dark yellow, knob reddish.

Legs ( Fig. 27A ): coxae and trochanters ochre pruinose; fore and mid femora anterodorsally black and posterodorsally yellow, hind femur entirely black; tibiae yellow, for and mid tibiae with a black stripe anteroventrally, fading proximally; hind tibia with apical half and anteroventrally with a black stripe, fading proximally; fore and mid tarsi dark reddish brown with first tarsomeres dark yellow and apex of last tarsomere black, hind tarsus black. Chaetotaxy: coxae with yellow macrosetae and yellowish setae; hind trochanter with 1 anterior and 3–4 posterior yellow macrosetae; fore femur with 4–5 ventral black macrosetae; mid femur with 14–15 ventral (proximal 8 macrosetae yellow), 8 anteroventral, 7 anterior, 1 posterodorsal preapical and 6 posterior (yellow, only distal one black) black macrosetae; hind femur with 5–6 ventral (yellow), 2–3 anteroventral preapical, 2 anterodorsal (proximal one yellow), 1 pair dorsal preapical and 1 pair apical black macrosetae; femora black setose anterodorsally and yellow posteroventrally; tibiae with black macrosetae (only a few yellow macrosetae ventrally) and short black setae anterodorsally and short yellowish setae posteroventrally; tarsi with black macrosetae and setae; brush setae golden yellow; pulvilli reddish, yellow apically, empodium reddish; claws black, reddish at base.

Abdomen ( Fig. 27A–B ): black, dark brown pruinose, except lateral margins and posterior corners of tergites grey pruinose; T1 with 9–10 yellowish marginal lateral macrosetae and a tuft of long marginal lateral yellowish setae; T2 and T3 with 10 yellow marginal lateral macrosetae; T4–T6 with 6–7 yellow marginal lateral macrosetae; T7 with 10–11 black and yellow marginal lateral macrosetae; tergites with short, sparse, appressed yellow setae, except mid-dorsally with brown setae; sternites grey pruinose with sparse, long, thin yellowish setae.

Terminalia ( Figs 28E–G , 29–30 ): shining black with black setae; golden brown setae on cercus and subepandrial sclerite ventrally, some short setae dorsally on the epandrial posterior projection; T8 with many black marginal lateral macrosetae ( Figs 28E–F , 29F ); S8 with a rectangular mid-posterior projection, weakly constricted at base ( Fig. 29D ) with some golden brown setae laterally and apically on mid-posterior projection, S8 dark brown anteriorly, mid-ventrally in tegument colour ( Fig. 28G ); epandrium with posterior projection ventrally ending in a pointed tip, epandrium dorsally at mid-length forming a slight, rounded indentation sickle-shaped ( Fig. 29E ); hypandrium with posterior margin slightly concave ( Fig. 29G ); gonocoxite with anterior margin wide and strongly constricted at mid-length with the apical half sickle-shaped and curved upwards in a pointed tip ( Fig. 30A, D–E ); gonocoxite inward curved apically in dorsal and ventral views ( Fig. 30B–C ); gonostylus boomerang-shaped with apex rounded and with a row of setae dorsally ( Fig. 30F ); ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped directed posteroventrally; phallus with prongs thin and long ( Fig. 30A, G ); cercus short with apex rounded and with 3–4 short and stout macrosetae ventrally, apically ( Fig. 30H–I ); subepandrial sclerite short with a conspicuous ventral keel ( Fig. 30H ) and ventrally with a pair of rounded projections densely covered with many thin setae ( Fig. 30H–I ).

Length. Body: 19 mm; wing: 13 mm.

Paratype condition. Postpedicel missing ( Fig. 27D ); apex of wings damaged ( Fig. 27B ).

Female ( Fig. 31 ). Similar to male, except T7 and terminalia shining black ( Fig. 31A–C ); T7 black; S6 and S7 greyish brown pruinose with sparse, thin and long yellowish setae; T8 black setose; T9+10 and cercus reddish yellow to reddish brown setose; S8 with dense golden reddish brown setae; keel of genital opening and hypoproct with short and stout dark reddish macrosetae ( Fig. 31A–F ); spermathecal capsules rounded ( Fig. 31G ); spermathecal pump about 2 times smaller than the length of spermathecal duct, slightly turgid ( Fig. 31G ); spermathecal ducts ending separately at genital fork ( Fig. 31G–H ); apodeme of genital fork connected laterally with lateral sclerites ( Fig. 31G–I ); lateral sclerites connected with T9+10; apodeme of genital fork with a slight lateral expansion at mid-length ( Fig. 31G–H ) and without a mid-dorsal ridge ( Fig. 31I ).

Variation. Ocellar tubercle with 3 pairs of ocellar setae with the anterior pair stouter; mystax composed of almost only black macrosetae, with the yellow macrosetae restricted to the oral border; T6 and 7 S6 and 7 with thin and long golden setae forming a tuft.

Taxonomic discussion. This species can be differentiated from other Catostola species mainly by the yellow mystacal macrosetae ( Fig. 27C–D ), fore and mid femora black anterodorsally and yellow posterodorsally with hind femur entirely black ( Fig. 27A ); absence of femoral swelling on hind femur ventrally; epandrium with apical projection located ventrally ( Figs 28E , 29E ); cercus with short and stout macrosetae ventrally apically and subepandrial sclerite with a ventral keel and ventral rounded projections ( Fig. 30H–I ).

Distribution ( Fig. 45 ). Ecuador (new record) (Sucumbíos, Napo, Morona Santiago and Zamora-Chinchipe ), Brazil (Amazonas), Peru (Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios) and Bolivia (La Paz, Sara, Ichilo, Chuquisaca).

Material examined. Paratype. BRASIL, Amazonas, Coari, Rio Urucu , [localidade] Angelim , 5°3′33″S / 65°14′48″W 23.xi–02.xii. 1992. P.F. Bührnheim & N.O. Aguiar / Armadilha de Shannon / Parátipo (♁) Ctenodontina nairae Vieira, 2012 / INPA-DIPTE 537P. 1 ( Fig. 27A [insert]) (1♁ INPA) . Additional material. ECUADOR – 8.6.1977 [Sucumbíos] Rio Aguarico [00°04′52.97″N 77°16′35.75″W] 450 m Leg. G. Riedel / Eing. - Kat. Nr. 26/88 (2♁ & 1♀ ZSM) ; Napo [00°40′S 77°56′W] (Ecuad. [or]) R. Haeusch S. / Neoeristicus [?unredable] 1♁ [?] (1♀ MfN) ; [Morona Santiago] Sucua [02°27′36″S 78°10′12″W], Rio Upano Ecuador ii.3.39 / Coll. F.M. Brown (1♁ AMNH) ; [Zamora-Chinchipe] Zamora [04°04′09″S 78°57′24″W] Ecuador / 1000 m 15.x.41 (1♀ MZUSP) ; Zamora 1000 m. 21.x.41 / Ecuador (1♀ MZUSP) ; [ PERU] N.[ord] Peru Maracannon Mishiyacu [ Quebrada Mishiyaco , 12 km Northwest Iquitos] 26.ii.29 Dr. Stichel V. (1♁ MfN) ; Same data, [Loreto] Iquitos [03°44′00″S 73°15′00″W] 5.2.30 (1♁ MfN) ; Peru: Cusco, 19 rd Km W Quincemil , Rio Araza tributary 13°20′10″S 70°50′57″W 874 m / 23-31.viii.2012 Malaise R. R. Cavichioli, J.A. Rafael A.P.M. Santos & D.M. Takiya (1♀ INPA) ; Peru- Laristhal [Paso de Lares][12°37′41″S 72°39′37″W], 16.08.03, 800 m (1♀ SMZ) ; ♁ u. ♀ kopf[?], 26.x.95 / 266 (1♁ & 1♀ SZM) ; Same data, Staatssamml. M ̧nchen Platynaedium sp. / Platynaedium sp. Zoologische Staatsammlung M ̧nchen (1♀ SZM) ; Peru , Madre de Dios [12°34′33.70″S 70°05′40.48″W] ix.x.08 [unredable] / Coll. W. Schnuse 1911-3 / Staatl. Museum f̧r Tierkunde Dresden (1♁ SNSD) ; Same data, [teneral specimen] (1♀ SNSD) ; BOLIVIAMapiri [Departamento La Paz, Província Larecaja] 17.i.03 Chimate [15°22′56.86″S 68°03′59.56″W] 650 m / 52 / Platynaedium n. g? / Coll. W. Schnuse 1911-3 / Staatl. Museum f̧r Tierkunde Dresden (2♀ SNSD) ; Bolivia-Mapiri [Departamento La Paz, Província Larecaja] 4.iii.03 Sarampioni [15°25′11.29″S 68°06′57.68″W] 700 m / Coll. W. Schnuse 1911-3 / Staatl. Museum f̧r Tierkunde Dresden (1♁ SNSD) ; Same data, i.03 (1♁ & 1♀ SNSD) ; Same data, 26.i.03 (1♁ SNSD) ; Same data, 2.i.03 (1♁ SNSD) ; Same data, iii.03 (1♀ SNSD) ; Bolivia-Mapiri, 23.i.03, Sarampioni 700 m / Platynaedium sp. ♀ (1♀ SZM) ; Bolivia-Mapiri, 23.ii.03, S.[an][?] Antonio [15°20′40″S, 68°13′56″W] 1000 / Platynaedium sp. ♁ / Bolivia Platynaedium (1♁ SZM) ; Bolivia [Departamento La Paz, Província Nor Yungas] 03.iii.07 Yungas von Coroico [16°11′29.99″S 67°43′45.15″W] 1000m / Coll. W. Schnuse 1911-3 / Staatl. Museum f̧r Tierkunde Dresden (1♁ SNSD) ; O[st] Bolivien Prov [incia] Sara [17°00′00″S 63°35′00″W] 600 700 m ix.1906 - iii.07 J. Steinbach S. V. (1♁ MfN) ; Bolivia Prov. [incia] Sara Dep. [artamento] Santa Cruz J. Steinbach S. V. (1♁ & 1♀ MfN) ; Bolivia [Santa Cruz Department, Ichilo Province] Buenavista [17°27′33.13″S 63°39′34.17″W] 400 m Coll. Steinbach (1♀ MZUSP) ; Bolivia [Chuquiasaca Department, Belisario Boeto Province] El Palmar [19°08′48.9″S 64°11′10.86″W] 1600 m Coll. Steinbach (1♁ MZUSP) ; [2 specimens without labels] (1♁ & 1♀ SZM) .

Figures

FIGURE 27. Catostola nairae (Vieira, 2012) comb. nov., paratype male. A. Habitus, lateral (insert: labels, not to scale); B. Same, dorsal; C. Head, frontal; D. Same, lateral. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 28. Catostola nairae (Vieira, 2012) comb. nov., paratype male (A–C: additional male). A. Postpedicel and stylus, anterior; B. Same, dorsal; C. Wing, dorsal; D. Scutellum, dorsal; E. Terminalia, lateral; F. Same, dorsal; G. Same, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc: cercus; epand: epandrium; f a styl: first article of stylus; goncx: gonocoxite; hypd: hypandrium; pped: postpedicel; s a styl: second article of stylus; st: sternite; subepand scl: subepandrial sclerite tg: tergite. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 29. Catostola nairae (Vieira, 2012) comb. nov., male. A. Terminalia, dorsal; B. Same, ventral; C. Same, lateral; D. Sternite 8, ventral; E. Epandrium, lateral; F. Tergite 8, dorsal; G. Hypandrium, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc: cercus; epand: epandrium; goncx: gonocoxite; gonst: gonostylus; hypd: hypandrium; ph: phallus; st: sternite; subepand scl: subepandrial sclerite; tg: tergite. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 30. Catostola nairae (Vieira, 2012) comb. nov., male. A. Gonopods + phallus, lateral; B. Same, dorsal; C. Same, ventral; D. Gonopods, lateral; E. Gonocoxite, lateral; F. Gonostylus, lateral; G. Phallus, lateral; H. Cercus and subepandrial sclerite, lateral; I. Same, ventral. Abbreviations: cerc: cercus; ej apod: ejaculatory apodeme; goncx: gonocoxite; goncx apod: gonocoxal apodeme; gonst: gonostylus; ph: phallus; subepand scl: subepandrial sclerite. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 31. Catostola nairae (Vieira, 2012) comb. nov., female. A. Terminalia, lateral; B. Same, dorsal; C. Same, ventral; D. Dissected terminalia, lateral; E. Same, dorsal; F. Same, ventral; G. Spermathecae, dorsal; H. genital fork, detail, dorsal. I. Same, lateral. Abbreviations: acc gl: accessory gland; apod: apodeme of genital fork; cerc: cercus; gen fk: genital fork; lat sc: lateral sclerite of genital fork; spe du: spermathecal duct; spe pu: spermathecal pump; spmth: spermathecae; st: sternite; tg: tergite. Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 45. Distribution map of Catostola species: Catostola carrerai Hull, 1958 comb. rev., Catostola maya (Carrera & d’Andretta, 1953) comb. rev., Catostola nairae (Vieira, 2012) comb. nov., and Catostola sagta (Vieira, Ayala-Landa & Rafael, 2017) comb. nov.