Peltonotus adelphosimilis Jameson and Wada, 2004

Jameson, Mary Liz & Wada, Kaoru, 2004, Revision of the genus Peltonotus Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from Southeastern Asia, Zootaxa 502 (1), pp. 1-66 : 14-16

Peltonotus adelphosimilis Jameson and Wada , n. sp.

( Figs. 36 , 37a–c , 67)

Type Material. Holotype male housed at WADA with following label data and male genitalia mounted beneath specimen: a) " Mt. Bawang , West Kalimantan, BORNEO, X 1990 " (type face), b) "Kaoru WADA Col. No. 028­b" (typeface and handwritten, yellow label), c) our holotype label . Allotype female housed at FUJI with following label data: a) " Mt. Bawang , BORNEO INDONESIA 1993. AUG. N. Nishikawa­leg. " (type face), b) "Fujioka­Collection Peltonotus­T­1" (typeface and handwritten, yellow label), c) our allotype label .

Description. Holotype male. Length 20.3 mm. Widest width 9.4 mm. Color: Clypeus, pronotum, scutellum, elytra, propygidium, pygidium, and venter dark brown; frons black or castaneous; elytra with or without iridescent bloom. Head: Surface of frons impunctate to sparsely punctate (base to mid­disc), densely punctate (mid­disc to apex); punctures simple, multisetigerous; setae short (1–20+ per puncture) and moderately long (1–2 per puncture). Surface of clypeus densely punctate; punctures simple, multisetigerous; setae short (1–20+ per puncture) and moderately long (1–2 per puncture). Clypeus laterally weakly bowed, apex truncate, corners square, beaded; bead weakly arcuate posteriorly. Labrum deeply, narrowly emarginate at middle. Mandibles rounded laterally, inner apex with 2 teeth. Mentum with apical half rounded, notched at middle; palpomere 2 not obviously flattened dorsoventrally, 1.5 times width of palpomere 1, sparsely setose; setae moderately long, rufous, not curled at apex, not flattened. Maxilla: mala lacking lamellate setal brush; stipes with setae sparse, long, not flattened, not curled at apex; palpomere 2 with weak internomedial bump. Antennal club subequal to segments 2–7. Pronotum: Bead lacking anterior to scutellum. Surface moderately densely punctate; punctures simple, multisetigerous laterally; setae minute (1–7 per puncture) and short (1 per puncture). Lateral margin lacking long setae. Elytral sutural length: About 4.0 times length of scutellum. Elytron: Surface with 5 poorly developed, punctate, longitudinal striae between suture and humerus; punctures moderate in size, moderately dense, some multisetigerous; setae minute (1–5 per puncture). Intervals with similar sculpturing. Propygidium: Surface moderately densely punctate with a row of setose punctures at apex; punctures simple, unisetigerous; setae short, rufous. Pygidium: Surface densely punctate and shagreened; punctures ocellate, mixed small and moderately large, multisetigerous; setae minute (1–7 per puncture) and short (1 per puncture). Venter: Prosternal keel subtriangular; apex projecting anteriorly at about 90° with respect to ventral plane; apex produced to middle of protrochanter, rounded. Legs: Foretibia of male bidentate; lateral margin with foretarsomeres 1–4 with apices expanded, dorsal and ventral apices clothed with dense, short setae; protarsomere 5 in male with apical protuberance ( Fig. 36 ). Foreclaws with inner claw sickle­shaped, about 4 times thicker than outer claw; outer claw simply arcuate, about 1/3 the length of inner claw; empodium bulbous at base. Meso­ and metatibial claws of male with 2 setae, claws angled toward venter, about 2/3 length of metatarsomere 5. Metatibia of male with apical spurs nearly straight; ventral spur produced to middle of metatarsomere 1, dorsal spur produced to middle of metatarsomere 2. Parameres: Fig. 37a–c .

Allotype Female. Differs from the holotype in the following respects. Length 18.9 mm. Widest width 8.9 mm. Color: Head, pronotum, scutellum, propygidium, pygidium, and venter castaneous; elytra castaneous with iridescent bloom. Head: Surface of frons moderately densely punctate (base) to densely punctate (mid­disc to apex); punctures simple, multisetigerous; setae short (1–12 per puncture) and moderately long (1 per puncture). Pronotum: Surface moderately densely punctate, punctures simple, lacking setae laterally. Elytron: Epipleuron of female in ventral view expanded, deeply incised at sternite 3; in dorsal view, expansion well­developed (similar to Fig. 61 ). Legs: Foreclaws 1/2 length of foretarsomere 5, angled toward venter.

Diagnosis. Based on shared characters, P. adelphosimilis most closely resembles P. similis . The two species are separated based on the form of the labrum (deeply, narrowly emarginate in P. adelphosimilis [e.g., Fig. 14 ]; broadly emarginate in P. similis ), form of foretarsomere 5 in males (with apical protuberance in P. adelphosimilis [ Fig. 36 ]; with median protuberance in P. similis [ Fig. 35 ]), and form of the female epipleuron (incised area round in P. adelphosimilis ; ovate in P. similis [ Fig. 61 ]). The following characters will separate P. adelphosimilis from other Peltonotus species : mandibles of male and female rounded laterally, inner apex with 2 teeth; mentum with apical half rounded, palpomere 2 not obviously flattened or greatly enlarged and lacking curled setae; mala lacking lamellate setal brush; stipes with setae sparse and not curled at apex; form of female epipleuron (dorsal and ventral views); elytra with multisetigerous punctures; foretarsomere 5 of male subequal in length to tarsomere 5 with medial protuberance; foretarsomeres 1–4 with apices expanded, dorsal and ventral apices clothed with dense, short setae; dorsal metatibial spur produced to middle of metatarsomere 2, nearly straight in males.

Etymology. The species epithet, adelphosimilis , is derived from the Greek word for near kinship, twin, or brother (adelphos). The combination, adephosimilis, refers to the near kinship of this species with P. similis .

Distribution (Fig. 67). West Kalimantan Province, Bornean Indonesia.

Locality records (2 specimens) from FUJI, WADA .

BORNEAN INDONESIA. West Kalimantan Province (2): Mt Bawang.

Temporal Data. August (1), October (1).

Remarks. Based on shared characters, P. similis and P. adelphosimilis are sister species. They differ in only three character states (form of the male foretarsomere 5, form of the labrum, and form of the female epipleuron). We considered that the character states observed in P. adelphosimilis may be intraspecific variation, but the two species also appear to be geographically isolated: P. similis occurs in the Crocker Range in Sabah while P. adelphosimilis occurs in Boven Kapuas Mountains in West Kalimantan. Geographic isolation in addition to the character state differences led us to the conclusion that these are two distinct taxa. Additional specimens of both P. similis and P. adelphosimilis will corroborate or refute this hypothesis.

Figures

FIGURES 31–36. Detail of right forelegs of: 31) P. malayensis (showing bidentate foretibia, dorsal view), 32) P.rubripennis (showing tridentate foretibia with basal tooth very weakly developed, dorsal view), 33) P. deltamentum (showing strongly arcuate smaller claw, ventral view), 34) P. nasutus (showing form of foretarsomeres 1–5), 35) P.similis (showing form of foretarsomeres 1–5 and median protuberance of foretarsomere 5 [arrow]), 36) P. adelphosimilis (showing form of foretarsomeres 1–5 and apical protuberance of foretarsomere 5 [arrow]).

FIGURES 37–39. Male genitalia in dorsal (parameres only [a]) and lateral views (parameres and phallobase [b–c]) of: 37) P. adelphosimilis, 38) P. brunnipennis, 39) P. deltomentum.

FIGURES 61–64. Elytral epipleuron (gray, ventral view) with position of metacoxa of: 61) P. similis, 62) P. sisyrus, 63) P. suehirogarus, 64a–b) P. vittatus.

FIGURES 14–18. Head (dorsal view) showing characters of the labrum, mandible, and clypeus. 14) P.karubei (apex of labrum deeply, narrowly emarginated; apex of mandible rounded laterally), 15) P. malayensis (apex of labrum broadly emarginate; apex of mandible rounded laterally), 16) P. morio (apex of labrum bilobed; apex of mandible quadrate laterally with broadly truncate apex; apex of clypeus without tubercle in male), 17) P. nasutus (apex of labrum bilobed; apex of mandible quadrate laterally with broadly truncate apex; apex of clypeus with weak tubercle in male), 18) P. vittatus (apex of labrum broadly emarginate; apex of mandible obliquely quadrate laterally).