Cryphalus, Erichson, 1836

Johnson, Andrew J., Honsberger, David & Beaver, Roger A., 2021, New records and taxonomic notes on Cryphalus Erichson, 1836 in Hawaiʻi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), Zootaxa 4999 (1), pp. 41-57 : 55

Key to Cryphalus of Hawaiʻi

1 Setae on pronotal disc entirely hair-like, sometimes dagger-like, but always much longer than wide.................... 2

- Setae on pronotal disc include scale-like setae, sometimes with longer setae intermixed.............................. 3

2 Male pronotal margin with a continuous ridge and pronotal slope with only very small, sparse asperities. Female with 4‒6 ser- rations on apical margin, and evenly spaced asperities on the pronotal slope. Pronotal disc short, less than 1/5 pronotal length (viewed dorsally) ( Fig. 4E ). Frons with a small longitudinal keel in the lower median ( Figs. 4C–D ). Males have a weak transverse carina at upper level of frons, obscured by the pronotum in most specimens. Found in various fruits, especially Artocarpus .................................................................... Cryphalus negrosensis Browne, 1979

- Both males and females with serrations on anterior margin, and asperities evenly spaced on pronotal slope. Pronotal disc longer, about 1/4 the pronotal length (viewed dorsally). Frons with only minute aciculations, but no obvious median keel ( Fig. 3D–E ). Male and female frons similar. Mostly known from under bark of mango............ Cryphalus mangiferae Stebbing, 1914

3 Interstrial setae on elytral disc all scale-like, rows of longer scale-like setae extending onto the declivity of similar size and shape. Lower half of male frons similar to females, without any distinctive sculpturing, except a minute longitudinal keel ( Fig. 2E ), and male pronotum only slightly flattened with asperities slightly smaller than females. Posterior margin of abdominal ventrites with distinct rows of dagger-like setae................................. Cryphalus brasiliensis Schedl, 1976

- Interstrial setae on elytral disc include erect, hair-like setae, which are shorter and more scale-like, and curved posteriorly, on declivity. Males with emargination along the lower margin of the frons and flattened pronotal slope and only small asperities. Posterior margin of abdominal ventrites with indistinct rows of hair-like setae..................................... 4

4 More than 2.1 times as long as wide, usually less than 1.4 mm length. Male frons with surface texture of median area similar to rest of frons ( Fig. 5C ). Pronotal disc approx. 1/3 of pronotal length (viewed dorsally). Usually matures dark brown................................................................................ Cryphalus sylvicola ( Perkins, 1900)

- Less than 2.1 times as long as wide, usually greater than 1.4 mm total length. Male frons with a wide glossy patch in median surface ( Fig. 6C ). Pronotal disc approx. 1/4 of total length (viewed dorsally). Usually matures orange-brown................................................................................... Cryphalus trypanoides ( Beeson, 1935)

Figures

FIGURE 2. Cryphalus brasiliensis Schedl, 1976. A: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of female (UFFE:35211); B: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of male (UFFE:35212); C: declivity of female (UFFE:35211); D: frons of female (UFFE:35211); E: frons of male (UFFE:35212).

FIGURE 3. Cryphalus mangiferae Stebbing, 1914. A: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of female (UFFE:35199); B: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of male (UFFE:35200); C: declivity of female (UFFE:35199); D: frons of female (UFFE:35199); E: frons of male (UFFE:35200).

FIGURE 4. Cryphalus negrosensis Browne, 1979. A: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of female (UFFE:35202); B: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of male (UFFE:35203); C: frons of female (UFFE:35202); D: frons of male (UFFE:35203); E: dorsal view of base of pronotum and elytra of male (UFFE:35203).

FIGURE 5. Cryphalus sylvicola (Perkins, 1900). A: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of female (UFFE:36060); B: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of male (UFFE:36061); C: frons of female (UFFE:36060); D: frons of male (UFFE:36061).

FIGURE 6. Cryphalustrypanoides (Beeson, 1935).A:dorsal, lateral,and ventral photograph of female(UFFE:36066); B: dorsal, lateral, and ventral photograph of male (UFFE:36071); C: frons of female (UFFE:36066); D: frons of male (UFFE:36071).