Crotalaria pallida Aiton (1789: 20)

Ninkaew, Sakuntala, Balslev, Henrik, Pornpongrungrueng, Pimwadee & Chantaranothai, Pranom, 2017, Crotalaria L. (Fabaceae: Faboideae) in continental Southeast Asia, Phytotaxa 320 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

31. Crotalaria pallida Aiton (1789: 20) . Type :— ETHIOPIA. Bruce s.n. (holotype BM000574942 !). ( Figure 30M ).

= Crotalaria mucronata Desvaux (1814: 76) . Type :— JAMAICA. 7 August 1952, Anon. s.n. (holotype P00369780 !).

= Crotalaria striata Candolle (1825: 131) . Type :— INDIA. Bengal, Leschenault s.n. (holotype G-DC n.v.).

= Crotalaria pisiformis Guillemin & Perrottet (1832: 162) . Type :— SENEGAL. Perrotet 164 (holotype P00373527 !, isotype BM000843494 !).

= Crotalaria striata var. acutifolia Trimen (1894: 19) . Type:— SRI LANKA. Thwaites CP 3608 (isotypes BM000900971 !, P02754660 !).

= Crotalaria striata f. latifoliolata Wildeman (1905: 107) . Type:— ZAIRE, Equateur, Eala, Laurent s.n. (holotype BR n.v.).

Herb or shrublet, erect, 0.5–2 m high; young branches angular, silvery sericeous. Leaves digitately 3-foliolate. Stipules narrowly linear, ca. 1 mm long, silvery pubescent, caducous. Petioles 1.3–4.7 cm long, silvery pubescent. Petiolules 1–4 mm long. Leaflets obovate, 3.5–6.5 × 1.5–5 cm, base cuneate, apex emarginate, margin entire, glabrous upper, silvery puberulous lower; lateral veins 7–8 pairs. Inflorescences terminal, open racemes, 25–36 cm long; peduncle 8–13 cm long, silvery pubescent. Bracts narrowly linear, ca. 3 mm long, caducous. Pedicels 4–5 mm long, silvery pubescent. Bracteoles inserted on the calyx tube, narrowly linear, ca. 2 mm long, caducous. Calyx 7–8 mm long, truncate; tube 3–4 mm long; lobes subequal, triangular, 3.5–4 mm long, glabrous inside, silvery pubescent outside. Corolla yellow. Standard: claw 3–4 mm long, white tomentose above and along margin, glabrous below, apex with appendages; blade broadly ovate, 11–12 × 8–10 mm, below with red-brown lines along the veins, base truncate or obtuse, apex obtuse or acute, margin glabrous. Wings: claw 3–5 mm long, white tomentose above and along margin, glabrous below; blade oblong, 9.5–10 × 3–4 mm, base oblique, apex acute or obtuse, margin glabrous. Keel: claw 3.8–4 mm long, white tomentose above and along margin, glabrous below; blade ovate, 9–13 × 5–5.5 mm, beak not twisted, base oblique, apex acuminate, margin white pubescent on proximal half. Stamens: filaments fused for proximal 9–11 mm, free for distal 3–6 mm; anthers either narrowly linear, 1.8–2 mm long or oblong, 0.8–1 mm long. Ovary with 2.5–3 mm long stipe, oblong, 5.5–6 mm long, silvery pubescent; style 8.5–10 mm long, adaxially white pubescent in a single line along the distal edge, abaxially glabrous. Pods with 3–5 mm long stipe, oblong, 3.5–4.1 × 0.6–0.7 cm, brown, glabrous. Seeds reniform, 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, brown.

Representative specimens: — CAMBODIA: Kampong Speu: 1966, Martin 685 ( P) . Ko Kong : 7 March 1914, Chevalier 31837 ( P) . Kratie: Chang Krang , 20 October 1909, Magnen et al. s.n. ( P) . LAOS. Chanpasak: Ban Pakxong , 5 September 2015, Maknoi et al. L4-028 ( QBG) . Khammouane: Ban Khoun Kham , 11 September 2012, Sengvilai & Phonesack KKO.0451 ( HNL) . Luang Prabang: 27 August 1969, Pottier 459 ( P) . Vientiane: Vang Vieng , 4 January 1994, Fukuaka & Koyama L 65189 ( L) . Xaignabouri: Muang Phieng , 29 May 2014, Srisanga L 2-389 ( QBG) . Xieng Khouang: April 1952, Vidal 1693 ( P) . MYANMAR. Chin State: Natma Taung National Park , 14 December 2011, Shein 88385 ( QBG) . Kangyi: Chaw Shit Chaung , 27 May 2012, Fujikawa et al. 89354 ( QBG) . SINGAPORE: Near Pandan River Mouth, 5 December 1968, Burkill H.N.B. 4636 ( BKF) . THAILAND. Bueng Kan: Bueng Khong Long , 3 June 2014, Ninkaew 273 ( KKU) . Buriram: Ban Kruat , 4 October 1984, Murata et al. T-37489 ( AAU, BKF) . Chiang Mai: Mae Rim , 8 August 1994, BGO Staff 1266 ( QBG) . Chiang Rai: Phu Chi Fa Forest Park, 4 April 2001, Chueachom 519 ( BKF) . Chon Buri: Khao Kheow Open Zoo , 19 August 1977, Thephuttee et al. 18 ( BCU) . Kamphaeng Phet: along road to Tak, 7 June 1968, Beusekom & Phengklai 1058 ( AAU, BKF) . Khon Kaen: Khao Suan Kwang , 9 July 2014, Ninkaew et al. 197 ( AAU, KKU) . Krabi: Ko Lanta , 15 June 2006, Williams et al. 1784 ( BKF) . Lampang: Mae Mo , 7 February 2012, Jatupol et al. 595 ( QBG) . Lamphun: Mae Tha , 15 July 1993, Polee 125 ( BKF) . Loei: Na Haeo , 1 September 2008, Maknoi 2723 ( BKF, QBG) . Mae Hong Son: Khun Nam, 17 November 1993, Larsen et al. 44453 ( AAU, BKF) . Maha Sarakham: May 1990, Parikarn & Prayad 77 ( BK) . Mukdahan: Nikhom Kham Soi , 11 December 1982, Koyama et al. T-30838 ( BKF) . Nakhon Nayok: Khao Yai National Park , 15 October 1984, Murata et al. T-52588 ( BKF) . Nakhon Phanom: Mueang , 3 December 2008, Norsaengsri 4513 ( QBG) . Nakhon Sawan: 30 November 1957, Lohauaijaya 10 ( BCU) . Nan: Bo Kluea , 20 February 2014, Ninkaew 254 ( KKU) . Nakhon Si Thammarat: 7 September 1997, Phitakwatcharekun 2 ( PSU) . Narathiwat: Waeng, Toh Daeng , 4 August 1999, Niyomdham 5746 ( BKF) . Pattani: Sai Buri, 28 August 2000, Laseh 2 ( QBG) . Phatthalung: Mae-Tuey , 26 August 2005, Duangjit s.n. ( PSU) . Phangnga: 8 May 1973, Geesink & Santisuk 5238 ( AAU, BKF) . Phetchaburi: Mueang, Ban Mo , 14 December 2009, Pooma et al. 7392 ( AAU, BKF) . Phitsanulok: Tung Salaeng Luang , 25 July 1973, Murata et al. T-17147 ( AAU, BKF) . Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya: 3 December 1979, Shimizu et al. T-26088 ( BKF) . Phuket: Kamala Beach , 8 July 1979, Niyomdham et al. 236 ( AAU, BKF) . Prachuap Khiri Khan: 20 November 1994, Jonganurak 159 ( BCU) . Ranong: Had Ao Jak , 21 July 2010, Thongroy 59 ( QBG) . Ratchaburi: Hua Hin , 15 August 1966, Larsen et al. 1617 ( AAU, BKF) . Ranong: 5 July 1992, Larsen et al. 43137 ( AAU, BKF) . Rayong: Klaeng , 10 October 2008, Wessumritt & Norsaengsri 28 ( QBG) . Roi Et: Mueang , 10 June 1982, Paisooksantivatana & Sutheesorn y1087-82 ( BK) . Satun: Tarutao Island, at Talo Oo Dang , 9 August 1980, Congdon 854 ( PSU) . Si Sa Ket: Uthumphon Phisai , 7 October 1984, Murata et al. T-37756 ( AAU, BKF) . Songkhla: Hat Yai , 7 September 1991, Nipa 20 ( PSU) . Surin: Lamduan , 14 October 2013, Ninkaew 302 ( KKU) . Tak: Ban Na , 12 November 1959, Boonag 527 ( BCU) . Trat: Klong Yai , 29 July 2012, Pinyosak & Wessumritt 316 ( QBG) . Ubon Ratchathani: Sirindhorn Dam , 9 December 1982, Koyama et al. T-30670 ( BKF) . Udon Thani: Ban Dung , 26 July 2009, Norsaengsri & Boonprakop 5715 ( QBG) . Uttaradit: Phumiang-Phuthong Wildlife Sanctuary , 22 March 2011, Romklao Botanical Garden 0196/2554 ( QBG) . VIETNAM. Ha Nam: Kim Bang , 27 March 1976, Loc P 3145 ( HNU) . Hanoi: Hai Ba Trung, Vinh Tuy , 2 September 1977, Loc & Long P 2915B ( HNU) . Hoa Binh: Lac Thuy , June 1965, Anon. s.n. ( HNU) . Khanh Hoa: Nha Trang, Anon. 5716 ( P) . Lang Son: Huu Lung , 8 November 1974, Nghia 108 ( HNU) . Ninh Binh: Cuc Phuong National Park , 9 September 1999, Cuong CP 91 ( L) . Phu Tho: Thanh Ba , 11 July 1981, Tiep NOT2361 ( HNU) . Quan Ngai : 22 October 1957, Thua 925 ( HNU) .

Distribution: —North America, Africa, Asia ( Maldive Islands, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Singapore), Australia, Hawaii. ( Figure 19 ).

Ecology: —Roadsides and open areas, elevation 7–1500 m.

Notes: — Crotalaria pallida is distinguished by its glabrous or sparely puberulous digitately 3-foliolate leaves, terminal open racemes, the red-brown lines along the veins on the outer side of the standard and its glabrous pods.

Figures

FIGURE 19. Distribution map of Crotalaria occulta and C. pallida in continental Southeast Asia.

FIGURE 30. Crotalaria in continental Southeast Asia: A & B) C. alata; C) C. albida; D) C. assamica; E) C. bracteata; F) C. chinensis; G) C. goreensis; H & I) C. incana; J & K) C. juncea; L) C. medicaginea; M) C. pallida N) C. sessiliflora and O) C. verrucosa.