Empis (Enoplempis) gulosa Coquillett

Sinclair, Bradley J., Brooks, Scott E. & Cumming, Jeffrey M., 2013, Revision of the Empis subgenus Enoplempis Bigot, east of the Rocky Mountains (Diptera: Empididae), Zootaxa 3736 (5), pp. 401-456 : 421-424

Empis (Enoplempis) gulosa Coquillett

(Figs 2A, 9C, D, 10A, 11B)

Empis gulosa Coquillett, 1895: 408 . Type-locality: South Illinois, USA.

Empis cacuminifer Melander, 1902: 304 . Type-locality: Columbus, Ohio, USA. syn. nov.

Type material examined. Empis gulosa : HOLOTYPE, ♀ labelled: “Robertson [collector]/ S. Illinois”; “ Type / No. 3186/ U.S. N.M. [red label]”; “ Empis / gulosa / Type. Coq. [hand-written]” (USNM).

Empis cacuminifer : LECTOTYPE (here designated in order to fix identity of the species) ♂, labelled: “Columbus/ 5.20 O [hio].”; “ E. cacuminifer / TYPE Mel.”; “ALMelander/ Collection”; “ LECTOTYPE / Empis cacuminifer Melander / des. Sinclair, Brooks &/ Cumming 2013 [red label]” (USNM). PARALECTOTYPES: Same data as holotype, except 10,18. v.1899, W.M. Wheeler Coll. (3 ♀, AMNH); same data as holotype, 29.iv.1899, S.W. Williston Coll. (1 ♀, AMNH); same data as holotype, 13.v.1899, J.M. Aldrich Coll. (1 ♀, USNM); Alabama/ 2223; W.M. Wheeler Coll. (1 ♂, AMNH); “1080” (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM).

Additional material examined. USA. Illinois: Brownfield Woods, Urbana, 26.iv.1960, J.N. Bouseman (1 ♂, MTEC); South Illinois, C. Robertson (1 ♂, USNM). Indiana: LaFayette, 28–29.iv.1915, 1–4.v.1918, J.M. Aldrich Coll. (9 ♂, 3 ♀, USNM). Kentucky: Edmonson Co. Cub Ck, KY 70, 11.v.2000, B. Kondratieff (1 ♂, CSUC). Ohio: Columbus, 14.v.1925, R.H. Painter (1 ♂, 2 ♀, USNM). Pennsylvania: Allegheny (1 ♂, USNM); Bradford Co., 5 mi SW Ulster, 1.vi.1978, D.J. Bickel (1 ♂, CUIC); Centre Co., State College, 27.v.1974, D.J. Shetlar (1 ♀, CAS); Centre Co., Pine Grove Mills, 21.v.1972, D.D. Wilder (1 ♂, CAS); Centre Co., Pine Grove Mills, 17.v.1982, MT, P.H. Adler (1 ♂, USNM). Tennessee: no data (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM).

Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by the setae of hind trochanter confined to distinct tubular process, paint brush-like; hypandrium 0.5× length of epandrium, apex tapered and rounded; setae present on membrane anterior to base of hypandrium.

Re-description. Wing length 6.4–7.5 mm. Male. Head dark in ground-colour, with dense greyish pruinescence on face, frons, postgena and occiput. Dichoptic, eye with ommatidia of similar size. Frons divergent towards antennae; below ocellar triangle about 2× width of anterior ocellus, bearing short setulae along inner margin of eye. Face slightly divergent towards mouthparts; bare with oral margin shining. Ocellar triangle dark, subshining, with pair of parallel ocellar setae and pair of very short posterior setulae. Occiput bearing row of postocular setae, stout and black on upper section; shorter and more slender on lower section; occipital setae black, long and stout. Postpedicel, stylus and scape mostly dark; somewhat paler at certain angles. Scape slightly more than 2× longer than pedicel; postpedicel more than 4× longer than basal width, 2.5× longer than stylus. Palpus yellow, with setulae dark. Proboscis largely yellowish; apex of labrum reddish brown; labellum with dark setae.

Thorax dark in ground-colour, largely densely grey pruinescent: postpronotum and supra-alar ridge yellowish orange. Scutum with pair of distinct dark vittae between acr and dc rows; distinct pair of vittae lateral to dc and above notopleural depression. Pleura entirely grey, lacking paler highlights. Proepisternum greyish, with several short, dark setae; prosternum bare. Antepronotum with row of short, stout dark setae. Postpronotum with 2–3 long, dark setae and 3–6 shorter setae. Scutum with sparse row of fine acr setulae; dc longer than acr, increasing in length posteriorly; 1–2 posterior npl, 1 anterior npl and several shorter dark setae; 1 short presut spal; 1 psut spal; 1 pal. Scutellum with 2 pairs of sctl, apical pair subequal in length to pal, outer pair shorter than apical pair. Laterotergite with 3–5 long dark setae. Anterior and posterior spiracles pale.

Legs long, entirely yellow, except for dark ring at trochanter-femur junction and apices of femora; tarsi becoming darker apically. Coxae with numerous dark lateral setae, longer and stouter along apical anterior margins. Hind trochanter with setae confined to distinct tubular process, paint brush-like ( Figs 9 C, D). Femora lacking posteroventral row of fine setae; mid femur with antero- and posteroventral row of stout dark setae; hind femur somewhat arched and narrowed sub-basally ( Fig. 9 C), with several short preapical anterior setae. Fore tibia clothed in long dark setae, shorter than width of tibia; with 2–3 anterodorsal, 3 posterodorsal, 5 posterior, 2–3 posteroventral and several preapical setae. Mid tibia clothed in long dark setae, shorter than width of tibia; 2 anteroventral, 4 anterodorsal, 4 anterior, 3–4 posterodorsal, 4 posterior, 1–2 posteroventral and several preapical setae. Hind tibia with 5 antero- and posterodorsal setae, several posterior, several posteroventral setae and several preapical setae; all setae at most slightly longer than width of tibia. Tarsomeres 1–5 of all legs with rows of antero- and posteroventral spine-like setae; fore tarsomere 1 somewhat swollen, similar to hind tarsomere 1.

Wing clear with yellowish brown veins; all veins complete (except Sc), well sclerotized (Fig. 2A). Basal costal seta not distinguished. R5 and M1 divergent near wing margin; R5 ending beyond wing tip; radial fork acute. Halter yellow.

Abdomen concolorous with pleura, paler along apical margin; marginal setae long and stout on tergites 1–3; finer and short on posterior segments. Marginal setae on segment 8 longer than length of sclerites. Pregenital segments unmodified; sclerites of segment 8 weakly fused to form complete ring, not weakly sclerotized dorsally. Terminalia ( Fig. 10 A) largely yellow. Cercus narrow, appressed to dorsal margin of epandrium, linear, broader at anterior end; dorsal inner margin with pair of tooth-like projections: one near middle and one preapical; posterior end attenuated, arched medially; clothed in setae, subequal in length to width of cercus. Hypoproct with upper half clothed with many long setae. Epandrial lamella subtriangular, posterior margin somewhat truncate, bearing short apical setae. Hypandrium prolonged posteriorly with rounded margin, about 0.67× as long as epandrium; base with several short, dark setae on membrane anterior to base, 0.3× length of hypandrium. Phallus with broad base, apical portion smoothly arched; apex just emerging beyond cercus; apex of phallus slightly expanded, scoop-like; ejaculatory apodeme nearly longer than epandrium; inverted Y-shaped, with median keel reduced.

Female. Similar to male, except as follows: frons slightly broader; hind trochanter lacking paint brush-like process; ventral setae of mid femur shorter and not stout; cercus long and slender, slightly shorter than tergite 8.

Geographical distribution and seasonal occurrence ( Fig. 11 B). Empis (En.) gulosa is known from northeastern USA (Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and Pennsylvania) south to Alabama. Adults have been collected from late April to early June.

Nuptial gift presentation. Form unknown.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Male legs of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. gladiator, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; B, E. gladiator, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view; C, E. gulosa, hindleg, anterior view; D, E. gulosa, hind trochanter, anterior view; E, E. loripedis, hindleg, anterior view; F, E. loripedis, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, anterior view; G, E. loripedis, apex of hind femur and base of hind tibia, posterior view.

FIGURE 10. Male terminalia, lateral view of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. gulosa; B, E. loripedis.

FIGURE 11. Distribution of E. (Enoplempis). A, E. arthritica and E. gladiator; B, E. gulosa.