Nysius vinitor Bergroth

Malipatil, M. B., 2010, Review and Revision of Nysius Dallas of Australia and South West Pacific (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Orsillidae), Zootaxa 2410 (1), pp. 29-44 : 30-35

Nysius vinitor Bergroth

( Fig. 1–3 , 7–11 ) [Rutherglen Bug]

Nysius vinitor Bergroth, 1891: 69

Type specimens examined: Lectotype male, 4 th segment of right antenna and tibia and tarsi of both front legs missing. “Australiae Bergroth”, “ Nysius vinitor Bergr. ”, “Coll. R. I. Sc.N.B. Australiae ( NSW or Victoria) Vignoble 1889-90”, “ Syntype ”, “ Nysius vinitor sp. n. Bergroth 1891, in G. Schmidt’s hand”, dissected, designated here . Paralectotypes, 2 males, same label data as Lectotype, one dissected, designated here, in Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels .

Nysius andrewsi Izzard, 1936: 580–581 .

Holotype male, “Indian Ocean Christmas Is. 1.iv.1933 ”, “Brit.Mus 1934-32”, “ Nysius andrewsi Izzard ( TYPE) det. R. J. Izzard 1935” . Paratypes 1 male, 1 female, label data as above, in NHM. Holotype and paratypes male and female dissected, in NHM. New synonymy.

Nysius usingeri Izzard, 1958: 285 .

Holotype male, “Cocos - Keeling Is., Jan–Oct 1941, G.A. Gibson-Hall ”, “Type Briti Mus. 1950-229”, “ Nysius izzardi sp. nov. det. R.J. Izzard 1958 ”, “ Nysius vinitor Bergroth G. Schmidtz det. 1986” in NHM . Paratypes 2 females, same data as holotype, one dissected, NHM. New synonymy .

Other specimens examined: Because of the large number of specimens examined (a few thousand), only localities are listed. There are numerous additional specimens housed in various collections in Australia and overseas that have not been examined or included here.

QUEENSLAND: Gowrie Ck Abergowrie, Wreck Rock 16 km S of Agnes Water, Alpha, Passchendaele State Forest Amiens, Atherton, 25 km S Atherton, Augathella, Aurukun, Ayr, Babinda, Bamaga, Barrington Tops, Barrington House via Salisbury, Beerburrun, Bellenden - Ker Range, Betoota, Biloela, Blackall District, Boulia, Bowen, Boyne Is via Gladstone, Brandon, Brisbane, Bundaberg, Bungeworgorai Ck, Bunya Mountains NP, Mt Moubullon Bunya Mt, Leichhardt Falls 48 km SE Burketown, Camooweal, Cape Tribulation, Cardwell, Cardwell Range, Carnarvon, Carnarvon Range, Charleville, 42 km S Charleville, 112 km S Charleville, 121 km W Charleville, Clare, Clermont, Cleveland, Clifton, Cloncurry, Cloncurry - Julia Ck, Conondale Ra Bundaroo Ck, W Normanby River 52 km W Cooktown, Crows Nest, Cunnamulla, Dalby, Lake Broadwater Dalby, Danbulla, Daintree, Cow Bay N of Daintree R, Cunningham’s Gap, Darling Downs, Eidsvold, Bunett R Eidsvold, Emerald, 40 km E Eromanga, 16 km W Eulo, 30 km W Eulo, Eungella, Evelyn, Gatton, Gayndah, Gladstone, Goondiwindi, Lynd River crossing ESE Highbury, Heron Is, Home Hill, Ingham, 4 km NE of Innisfail, Iron Range, Irvinebank, Isisford, Jimna SF via Kilcoy, Julatten, Julia Ck area, 160 km N Julia Ck, Karumba, 25 km SE Karumba, Norman R Karumba, Kenilworth, Booloumba Ck S Kenilworth, Kowanyama, Lake Dynevor 88 km W Eulo, 28 km N of Laura, Split Rock 14 km S of Laura, Lawn Hill NP, 21 km NW Longreach, 31 km NW by N Longreach, Darr River 31 km NW by N of Longreach, Maalan, Mackay, Malanda, Marburg, 26 km Tinaroo Ck Rd via Mareeba, Marlborough, Mapleton, McKinlay District, Miles, Moreton, 23 km SE Morven, Moura, Mt Demi SW of Mossman, Mt Gannon Tallebudgera Valley, Mt Garnet, Mt Isa, Mt Lewis, Mt Mee area, Mt Tamborine, Mt Tibrogargan, Mt Tinbeerwah near Cooroy, Mt Tyson, Nebo, Nine Mile Beach, Noosa Heads, Norwin, Nyngan Dist, Palm Island, 31 km S Palmer River Crossing, Palmerston NP, Paluma Dam, Parada, Pittsworth, Proserpine, Quilpie, 240 km E Quilpie, Peak Downs, Prince of Wales Is Torres Strait, Rockhampton, Rolleston, Rubyvale, Rutland Plains, Stradbroke Is, Stanthorpe, Sunnybank, Tallebudgera, Tannum Sands, Taroom, Tewantin, Thornlands, Thornton Ra near Daintree R, Thursday Is, Thylungra turnoff, 192 km SSW Thylungra, Tibrogargan Ck, Torrens Ck, Townsville, Windorah, 12 km N Windorah, 68 km S Windorah, Windsor Tableland Mt Carbine, Weipa, 42 km NW Winton, Wiangaree via Kyogle, 82 km NW Winton, Woodstock, Yangan, Yelarbon, 18 km E Yuleba,

AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY: Black Mountain, Piccadilly Circus, Canberra, Cotter River, Gibraltar Creek, Ginninderra, Melba, Mount Coree, Mount Gingera, Mount Stromlo, Pialligo, Pine Island.

NEW SOUTH WALES: Albury, Arcadia, Armidale, Asgard Swamp, Bald Mountains via Emu Vale, Junction Baradine Rd and Newell Hwy, Barham, Barrington Tops, Moppy Lookout Barrington Tops, Bateman’s Bay, Bathurst, Bedgerabong, Beecroft, Bilpin Blue Mountains, Blue Lake Snowy Mountains, Boambee, Bogan R, Bogong NP, North Bondi, Cambewarra, Border Ranges NP, Botany Bay, Bourke, Branxton, Brewarrina, Broken Hill, 45 km N Broken Hill, Buddah Lake Trangie, Bulla, Bunya Mountains, Byron Bay, Cabbage Tree Ck Clyde Mountains, Caloola Range, Calumet 30 km NE Binnaway, Careel Bay Avalon, Cambewarra, Cessnock, Charlotte Pass Snowy Mountain, Clarence, Cockerawombeena, Cocoparra NP, Congo, Coolabah, Cooma, Coonabarabran, Cowra, Crawford River Myall Ranges SF, Creel - Sawpit Ck Snowy Mountains, Cronulla, Cudgen, Denman, Dharug NP, North Dorrigo, Dubbo, Eastwood, Ebor, New England NP via Ebor, Etheridge Ranges Mt Kosciusco, Ermington, Eugowra, Broken River Eungella, North of Bungwahl Smiths Lake 33 km S of Forster, Fowlers Gap, Fyshwick, Garfield, Yaleogrin SF Gilgandra, Girilambone, Gol Gol, Goonoo SF 7 km S Mendooran, Goonoo Goonoo, Gosford, Gibraltar NP 72 km W Grafton, Graman, Granville, Griffith, Gunnedah, Harrington, Hazelbrook Blue Mountains, Hornsby, Jenolan, Jindabyne, Junee, Katoomba, Kempsey, Khancoban Kosciusko region, Kooragang Island nr Newcastle, 3 km N Lansdowne, Leeton, Lennox Head, Londonderry, Lowson Blue Mountains, Lucas Heights, Macquarie Marshes, Mandurana, Mascot, 29 km S Menindee, Milperra, Moree, 8 km SE by E Moruya, Mount Buffalo, Mt Irvine, Mt Kaputar NP, Dawsons Spring Mt Kaputar NP, Mt Keira, Mt Kosciusko, Mt Royal Range 21 km W of Moonan Flat, Mt Victoria, Mt Warning, Mt White, 21 km W Moonan Flat, Mosman, Mudgee, Murphys Glen, Myall Lakes NP, Nadgee near Eden, Narara, Bodalla SF, Pilliga Scrub SW Narrabri, Narrabri, Narrabeen, Deep Ck at Narrabeen Lagoon, Narraburra, Narrama Lake, Narrandera, Narromine, Brown Mountain near Nimitybelle, Nymagee, Nyngan, Nyngan-Bourke, Orange, Oxford, Oxford Falls, Parramatta, Paterson, Peats Ridge, Portland, Salt Caves Dam Pilliga SF, Queanbeyan, Gap Dam SF 23 km WSW Rankins Springs, Raworth, Resurrection Ck Boonoo Boonoo, Richmond, Richmond-Winton, Rockdale, Roslyn, Round Hill, Royal NP, Sawpit Ck Mt Kosciusko, 30 km NE Singleton, Springwood, Sydney, Darkeg Forest S of Sydney, Talagandra SF, Tamworth, Terrigal, The Rock, Thirlmere, Thredbo, Trangie, Tweed Heads, Ulladulla, Urunga, Wagga Wagga, Walgett, Warrumbungle, Warrumbungle NP, Whitecliffs, Wilberforce, Wilsons Valley Snowy Mountains, Windsor, Wingham, Wollongong, 20 km N of Wollongong, Wollstonecraft, Woodenbong, Woy Woy, Wrights Lookout, Yanco, Young.

Norfolk Island, Phillip Island.

VICTORIA: Ardmona, Avoca, Balnarring, Arnold Spring Milmed track Big Desert, Blampied, Burnley, Clarkes Hill, Cobram, Coghills Creek, Colac, Cora Lynn, Mt Eliza, Fern Tree Gully, Gembrook, Horsham, Dinner Plain 11 km from Hotham Heights, Irymple, Karadoc, Knoxfield, Lake Bolac, Lake Hattah NP, Hattah - Kulkyne NP, Kyabram, Lancefield, Little Hampton, Melbourne, Merrijig, Lake Culluleraine W of Mildura, Myrtleford, 3 km S Nathalia, Mitta Mitta Ck 25 km NSW of Omeo, 65 km N Omeo, Pomonal, Rutherglen, Sea Lake, Silvan, Swan Hill, Telopea Downs, Low Saddle Creek Thomson River, Toolangi, Tolmie, Torquay, Wandin North, Wemen, Wilson’s Promontory, Woorinen, Woori Yallock, Yanakie, Ovens River E of Yarrawonga.

TASMANIA: Cradle Mountain NP, Devonport, Huan Valley near Longley, Lake Dobson , Launceston, Liffey Falls Road, Miena Great Lake , Scottsdale , Tasman Peninsula, Woods Lake 17 km WNW Steppes.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Adelaide, Aldinga Beach, Balgowan, Windy Ck 22 km N of Beltana, Blackwood, Brown Hill Creek, Cape Jervis, Ceduna, 29 km E of Ceduna, Cobbler Hill, 4 km N Colona Homestead, 9 km E of Cook, 25 km N by E of Etadunna Homestead Birdsville Track, Georgetown, Glen Osmond, Greenpatch, Kangarilla, Cygnet River Kangaroo Is, Upper Ravine des Casoars Kangaroo Is, Vivonne Bay Kangaroo Is, Western River Cove Kangaroo Is., Kapunda, 10 km ESE of Koonalda, Lake Albert 5 km Meningie, Lansdowne, Leigh Creek, Loxton Research Centre, Melrose, 10 km S Milang, 51 km NW Morgan, Mt Crawford SF, Mt Gambier, Mt Lofty, Mt Serle, 6 km N by W of Mt Sarah Homestead N of Oonadatta, Myrtle Springs, 8 km WNW of Nunjikompita, One Tree Hill, Penong, Pichi Richi Pass, Sandy Creek, St Mary Peak, Urrbrae, Virginia, Waikerie, Yalata Swamp.

WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 50 km W Balladonia, 59 km E by N Balladonia Roadhouse, Bodallin, Bunbury, Capel District 22 km S of Bunbury, 13 km NE by E Caiguna, Cape Le Grand NP, 12 km E Carrabin, Carson Escarpment, 23 km ESE Cocklebiddy, Crossing Pool, Drummond Cove, Fremantle, Geraldton, NW Coastal Highway 58 km N Kalbarri Road, Kojonup, Kununurra, 11 km E Madura, Mill Stream, Mt Magog, Newman Rock, 136 km E Norseman, Perth, Nedlands, Porongurup, Moir’s Rock 42 km NNW Salmon Gums, Margaret River, Gnarabup Beach mouth of Margaret River, Toolbrunup Peak, Warren River, 4 km N of Wyalkatchem, 20 km W Yalgoo, Yarragil Catchment, Yellowdine.

NORTHERN TERRITORY: Alice Springs, Emily Gap 6 km SE Alice Springs, Standley Chasm, 48 km WSW of Alice Springs, Simpsons Gap Alice Springs, Amadeus Basin, Barrow Creek, 2 km S of Barrow Creek, Charley Creek, Coolibah Homestead, 29 km N of Erldunda Homestead, 3 km NE of Gosses Bluff, Horn Islet Sir Edward Pellew Group, 38 km ESE Hull River, Illara Rocks, Palm Valley, Lake Bennett 25 km SE Manton Dam, Plenty Highway 268 km ENE of Alice Springs, Tempe Downs, 296 km S of Tennant Creek on Stuart Highway, Tindal, Ti Tree Well, Wave Hill, Wildman River cashew plantation.

AUSTRALIAN TERRITORIES: Christmas Island: settlement, Nr Jedda Cave, Egeria Pt Road, about 1 km S of Drumsite. Cocos Keeling Islands: West Island, Home Island. Monte Bello Islands: Trimouille Id, Cocoa beach.

OTHER: Philippine Islands. Micronesia: Caroline Islands.

[Specimens in AM, ANIC, ASCU, MV, QDPI, QM, UQIC, VAIC, WINC]

Description: Measurements are of a paralectotype male of N. vinitor , the paratype male of N. andrewsi , and the holotype male of N. usingeri , followed by ranges of other specimens examined within round brackets.

Body elongate, subshiny, dorsum covered with appressed pubescence, not with bristles or setae, length including wings 3.2, 3.6, 3.2 (2.9 – 4.2); maximum width 1.12, 1.05, 0.98 (0.95–1.47).

Coloration: extremely variable, mainly testaceous, reddish and black (see Fig. 1−3 ).

Head dark, apex and inner margins along eyes mainly reddish, with a pale spot in middle of posterior margin, which sometimes extends onto pronotum. Antennae variable in colour, base of second segment always pale. Clypeus reddish in middle and edged with black. Head beneath, between eyes, on both sides with an oblong sub-oblique yellow spot. Eyes brown, ocelli red. Buccula yellow to brownish testaceous, gula on each side below antenniferous tubercle pale yellow. Labium reddish-brown, becoming black apically.

Pronotum with anterior third usually black, rest testaceous, punctures usually fuscous, seldom black. Scutellum almost uniformly black to yellowish brown, basal margin and a longitudinal central fascia black. Hemelytra and membrane hyaline, claval commissure dark brown. Corium with a parallel costal margin, its apical margin fuscous, twice interrupted with yellow bars. Legs testaceous, usually spotted with black, apices of tibiae, tarsi, and claws dark brown. Abdomen of male black with a broad transverse fascia on visible segments V and VI pale yellow, of female broadly pale yellow with dark markings on lateral margins.

Structure: Head much wider than long, preocular part scarcely shorter than an eye, rugosely punctae, pilose.

Length of head 0.60, 0.64, 0.58 (0.57–0.78); width across eyes 0.83, 0.98, 0.87 (0.77–1.02); interocular space 0.41, 0.53, 0.41 (0.43–0.60); interocellar space 0.26, 0.26, 0.28 (0.20–0.41); eye-ocellar space 0.07, 0.07, 0.07 (0.07–0.10); eye length 0.26, 0.30, 0.30 (0.26–0.34); eye width 0.20, 0.24, 0.19 (0.19–0.23); buccula narrow, gradually diminishing posteriorly, terminating much before base of head, shorter than first labial segment. Labium extending to hind coxae, 1 st segment longer than bucculae and reaching base of head, length of segments: I 0.49, 0.50, 0.49 (0.41–0.68); II 0.45, 0.50, 0.49 (0.30–0.60); III 0.41, 0.45, 0.41 (0.31–0.57); IV 0.34, 0.34, 0.34 (0.30–0.45). Antennae with 2nd segment over twice as long as 1 st segment; length of segments: I 0.23, 0.30, 0.30 (0.27–0.34); II 0.60, 0.76, 0.60 (0.50–0.80); III 0.53, missing, 0.53 (0.41–0.72); IV missing, missing, 0.60 (0.53–0.72).

Thorax: Pronotum much wider than long, width at anterior margin a little greater than median length, strongly punctate, pits shallow and difficult to distinguish, calli smooth and impunctate; median length 0.53, 0.64, 0.49 (0.53–0.76); width at anterior margin 0.64, 0.79, 0.65 (0.61–0.83); width at posterior margin 0.91, 0.98, 0.95 (0.87–1.36).

Scutellum strongly punctate except for a median laevigate ridge; length 0.45, 0.52, 0.45 (0.45–0.68); width 0.53, 0.64, 0.53 (0.49–0.79). Hemelytra hyaline, extending well beyond apex of abdomen, costal margin of corium slightly dilated, widening apically. Length of hemelytra 2.24, 2.45, 2.24 (2.00–3.22); length of corium 1.54, 1.75, 1.54 (1.5–1.70); claval commissure 0.41,.37, 0.38 (0.30–0.45); width membrane, not measured, 0.84, 0.77 (not measured).

Abdomen: Below shining, impunctate. Scent gland scars between sterna V–VI slightly wider than those between IV–V in male, subequal in female. Ventral trichobothria on sterna III and IV almost linear, variable even in one individual; outer two trichobothria on sterna IV usually placed closer than inner two. Tergum VII finely punctae. Genital segments glabrous.

Male: Abdominal terga sclerotised for most part, outer areas of each segment broadly pale. Internal apodeme on anterior margin of sternum VII broad and blunt and extending to about 1/3 length of sternum VI. Pygophore ( Fig. 7 ) foramen in dorsal view with a conspicuous notch at about mid length. Paramere ( Fig. 8 ) with dorsal flange more prominent than ventral lobe, blade broadly pointed, sickle-shaped. Aedeagus ( Fig. 9 ) with phallotheca moderately pigmented in a broad band, conjunctiva tubular, membranous, gradually narrowed towards upper end, body and wings of ejaculatory reservoir ( Fig. 10 ) fused and reduced, vesica with large sclerotised lobe, lobes basal to this lobe indistinct, ejaculatory duct inside vesica with 6–7 turns, secondary gonopore slightly flaring.

Female: Abdominal terga sclerotised in the form of a broad band along midline, outer areas of each tergite broadly pale, pale areas broader than in male. Spermatheca ( Fig. 11 ) saccoid, bulb almost spherical, slightly wider than duct which has 1 coil and 2–3 twists, basal part narrow. Ovipositor with first ramus traversing to almost entire length of first gonapophysis; second gonapophysis blade-like.

Distribution. All Australian states and territories and offshore islands (including Christmas Island, Cocos Keeling Islands and Monte Bello Islands (Indian Ocean)).

Outside Australia, the species has been recorded from the Philippines and Micronesian Islands.

Diagnosis. N. vinitor is distinguished from N. caledoniae by the absence of long erect to semi-erect bristly setae on the pronotum and corium, and from N. tasmaniensis by the second antennal segment being more than twice as long as the first.

Notes. Colour extremely variable ( Fig. 1–3 ), even within type series and between specimens from one series or locality. In some specimens head, pronotum, and scutellum are almost uniformly black to yellow/ orange or pale; in others the posterior part of the pronotum has pale streaks or areas to almost uniformly pale background interspersed with small irregular fuscous patches. The head dorsally has only a small median streak or broad median area between the ocelli pale or yellow.

In some specimens the first segment of labium does not quite reach the base of the head.

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Habitus of Nysius spp. (1–3) N. vinitor. (1) Wemen, Vic male; (2–3), female, (2) Irymple, Vic; (3) Sealake, Vic. (4–5) N. caledoniae, (4) holotype male; (5) Colo River, NSW female. (6) N. spectabilis lectotype female.

FIGURES 7–11. Nysius vinitor. (7) pygophore, dorsal view; (8) left paramere, dorsal view; (9) aedeagus; (10) ejaculatory reservoir, enlarged; (11) spermatheca. Scale line = 0.30 mm for 7; 0.12 mm for 9; 0.06 mm for 8, 10, 11.