Cinetomorpha Simon, 1892

Ott, Ricardo, Ubick, Darrell, Bonaldo, Alexandre B., Brescovit, Antonio D. & Harvey, Mark S., 2019, A revision of the new world goblin spider genus Cinetomorpha Simon, 1892 revalidated from Gamasomorpha Karsch, 1881 (Araneae, Oonopidae, Oonopinae), Zootaxa 4641 (1), pp. 1-152 : 8-10

Cinetomorpha Simon, 1892 , revalidated

Cinetomorpha Simon, 1892: 558 (type species by monotypy Cinetomorpha simplex, Simon, 1892 ); Simon 1893b: 442. Yumates Chamberlin, 1924: 595 (type species by original designation Yumates nesophila Chamberlin, 1924 ). New synonymy. Lucetia Dumitresco & Georgesco, 1983: 109 (type species by monotypy Lucetia distincta Dumitresco & Georgesco, 1983 ).

New synonymy.

Diagnosis. Species of Cinetomorpha resemble those of Grymeus and Sicariomorpha by the presence of a relative large, female internal genitalia at the level of the epigastric scutum which is not partially or totally fused with the ventral scutum ( Figs 1D, E ), with rounded, small receptaculum ( Figs 1D, E ; 2E, G ; 4B ; 34H; 81H; 112H; See also Ott et al., 2015, figs. 15̅16), but can be distinguished from these genera by the much more elaborate distal portion of the male embolic complex, with the embolus bearing a sclerotized distal process and longer embolar prolateral process ( Figs 2C , 33A ̅B, 70L, 108D̅G). Cinetomorpha species also differ by the presence of a slit-like ectal extensions of posterior spiracles in both sexes ( Fig. 2A ), similar to the ones found in species of Dysderina complex (see Abrahim et al., 2012, figs 93, 127), but whose species differ in having leg spines.

Description: CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace without any pattern, anteriorly narrowed to 0.49 times its maximum width or less, with rounded posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, posterior margin not bulging below posterior rim, anterolateral corners without extension or projections, posterolateral surface without spikes, thorax without depressions, fovea absent, without radiating rows of pits; lateral margin undulate, rebordered; plumose setae near posterior margin of pars thoracica absent; non-marginal pars cephalica setae light, needle-like, present in u-shaped row; non-marginal pars thoracica setae absent; marginal setae light, needle-like ( Figs 3C , 70A , 86C , 105E ). Clypeus margin unmodified, vertical in lateral view, median projection absent; setae present, light, needle-like ( Figs 70B , 73E ). Chilum absent. Eyes six, well developed, ALE circular, PME oval, PLE circular; posterior eye row recurved from above; ALE-PLE separated by less than ALE radius, PME touching ( Figs 6C , 68E ). Sternum as long as wide, uniform, anterior margin continuous groove (anterior pouch), generally conspicuous in males ( Figs 5G , 6B , 52B , 108B ), absent in females, median concavity absent, with radial furrows between coxae I- II, II-III, III-IV, radial furrow opposite coxae III absent, without pits, sickle-shaped structures absent, anterior corner unmodified, lateral margin with infra-coxal grooves and anterior and posterior openings, distance between coxae approximately equal, extensions of pre-coxal triangles absent, lateral margins unmodified, without posterior hump; setae sparse, light, needle-like, evenly scattered, without hair tufts. Mouthparts: Chelicerae straight; promargin and retromargin generally without teeth (in males of C. chicote , one retromarginal tooth, Fig. 18G ); fangs directed medially, shape normal, without prominent basal process, tip unmodified; setae light, needle-like, densest medially; paturon distal region unmodified, posterior surface unmodified, promargin unmodified, inner margin unmodified; in some species of the groups simplex and puberula , male paturon with enlarged mesal setae ( Figs 6A ̅D). Labium rectangular, not fused to sternum, same as sternum in sclerotization; with 3-5 setae on anterior margin, subdistal portion with unmodified setae. Male endites slightly excavated distally, with shallow distal groove female endites unmodified; serrula present in single row ( Figs 108B ̅C), anteromedian tip unmodified, posteromedian part unmod- ified, same as sternum in sclerotization. Abdomen: ovoid, without long posterior extension, inter-scutal membrane rows of small sclerotized platelets absent; dorsum soft portions without color pattern, dorsal scutum covering full length of abdomen, no soft tissue visible from above, not fused to epigastric scutum, anterior half without projecting denticles ( Figs 3B, D ; 4A ; 34A, E). Epigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, surrounding pedicel, slightly protruding, small lateral sclerites absent. Male anterior spiracles forming an additional mesal secondary opening, usually on an indent under a fold at the posterior border of the epigastric scutum ( Figs 5F , 37H ), rarely as almost independent openings in the surface of the epigastric plate ( Figs 2A , 31G ̅H, 33D). Female epigastric scutum without lateral joints. Post-epigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, covering nearly full length of abdomen, fused to epigastric scutum in males, not fused to epigastric scutum and without posteriorly directed lateral apodemes in females, anterior margin unmodified. Spinneret scutum present, forming incomplete ring. Supra-anal scutum absent. Dorsum with setae present, light, needle-like. Epigastric area setae uniform, light, needle-like. Post-epigastric area setae present, light, needle-like. Spinneret scutum with fringe of needle-like setae. Dense patch of setae anterior to spinnerets absent. Interscutal membrane with setae. Colulus represented only by setae. Legs: without color pattern; femur IV not thickened, same size as femora I-III, patella plus tibia I shorter than carapace, tibia I unmodified, tibia IV specialized hairs on ventral apex present, tibia IV ventral scopula absent, metatarsi I and II meso-apical comb absent, metatarsi III and IV weak ventral scopula absent. Leg spines absent. Female palp without claws, spines absent; tarsus unmodified, patella without prolateral row of ridges ( Fig. 4G ). Genitalia: male epigastric region with sperm pore small; furrow without omega-shaped insertions, without setae. Male palp normal size, not strongly sclerotized, right and left palps symmetrical, prolateral excavation absent; trochanter normal size, unmodified; femur normal size, two or more times as long as trochanter, without posteriorly rounded lateral dilation, attaching basally to patella; patella shorter than femur, not enlarged, without prolateral row of ridges, setae unmodified ( Figs 6E ; 39A, B ); cymbium yellow, ovoid in dorsal view, fused with bulb at base, plumose setae absent, without stout setae, without distal patch of setae; bulb yellow, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, stout and spherical. Embolic complex distally darker; prolaterally curved, composed of three contiguous parts: a two-branched embolus and a basally inserted conductor ( Figs 2C , 37 A-D, 70I-L). Conductor of variable shape, usually entire ( Figs 2C , 70L , 32G , 33A ), rarely subdivided distally ( C. chicote sp. nov.; Figs 18H, I ). Embolus with dorsal process bearing sub-distal ejaculatory opening, distally attenuated, and prolateral process which may be slightly longer ( Fig. 2C ) to much longer ( C. chicote sp. nov., Fig. 18H ) than dorsal process, usually with a translucent dorsodistal region ( Figs 6H , 43H ). Female epigynum with internal genitalia positioned anteriorly to the level of the epigastric scutum and not fused to any scutum, variable in shape, lateral apodemes present, usually well developed; receptaculum much narrower than genitalia width, round to oval in shaped; anterior receptacle inconspicuous; paddle-like sclerite conspicuous ( Figs 2E, G ) or not ( Figs 105H , 109H ); globular apendix positioned anteriorly to internal genitalia, usually short and twisted, assuming an asymmetrical form ( Figs 2E, G ).

Composition. The genus Cinetomorpha contains 41 species, of which 31 are newly described.

Distribution. Species of Cinetomorpha are currently known only from the Americas.

Figures

FIGURES 1A–L. Loricate Oonopinae abdomen and internal genitalia position schemes. A–C, pelicinoids/silhouetoids pattern. D–F, grymeoid pattern. G–I, gamasomorphoid pattern. J–L, opopaeoid pattern. A, D, G, J, abdomen, dorsal view, undissected; B, E, H, K, same, dissected; C, F, I, L, simplified lateral view schemes. CP, internal genitalia coupling place; EF, epigastric furrow; ES, epigastric scutum; GAp, globular apendix; IG, internal genitalia; Re, receptaculum; VS, ventra scutum.

FIGURES 2A–H. A, Cinetomorpha puberula Simon (PBI_OON 26056), male epigastric region showing posterior spiracle (dotted outline) with ectal extension, ventral view. B, Gamasomorpha tovarensis Simon (PBI_OON 5490), male epigastric region as above, but lacking spiracular extension. C, G, Cinetomorpha simplex Simon (PBI_OON 1308). C. Male, distal portion of embolar region, prolateral view. G. Female genitalia, dorsal view. D, Gamasomorpha lutzi Petrunkevitch (PBI_OON 1309), male, distal part of embolar region, prolateral view. E, C. simplex (PBI_OON 26080), female genitalia, ventral view. F, H, G. cataphracta Karsch (PBI_OON 6251), female genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations, male: AS, anterior spiracle; C, conductor; EDP, embolar distal process; EF, epigastric furrow; EPP, embolar prolateral process; ET, embolar tip; female: CW, chitinized wall; G, gonopore, GAp, globular appendix; LA, lateral apodeme; PS, posterior spiracle; PSc, paddle-like sclerite; Re, receptaculum; SO, anterior spiracle secondary opening; SW, sclerotized wall. Scales: C, 50 μm; D, 10 μm; G, H, 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 3A–H. Cinetomorpha simplex Simon, female lectotype (PBI_OON 5497). A, C, E, G-H, carapace. B, D, F, abdomen. E, sternum.A, B, lateral view. C, D, dorsal view. E, F, ventral view. G, anterior view. H, posterior view.

FIGURES 4A–H. Cinetomorpha simplex Simon, female. A, B, lectotype (PBI_OON 5497). C-H. SEM images (PBI_OON 1308). B, Transmitted light microscope image, clove oil immersion. A, D, F, H. Abdomen. B, internal genitalia. E, G, palp. A, anterior view. B, D, epigastric area, ventral view. C, carapace anterior area, dorsal view. E, tibia trichobothrium, dorsal view. F, anterior view. G, tarsus, lateral view. H, posterior area, ventral view. Abbreviations: CW, chitinized wall; EF, epigastric furrow; GAp, globular appendix; LA, lateral apodeme; Re, receptaculum, SW, sclerotized wall. Scales: C, 200 μm, D, F, H, 100 μm; E, 10 μm; G, 50 μm.

FIGURES 5A–H. Cinetomorpha simplex Simon, male (allotype of Gamasomorpha wasmanniae Birabén; PBI_OON 05454). A-C, body. D, E, carapace. F, abdomen, anterior area. G, sternum. H, palp. A, Lateral view. B, F, G, ventral view. C, E, dorsal view. D, anterior view. H, dorsal view, transmitted light image, clove oil immersion. Abbreviations: AS, anterior spiracle; G, gonopore; PS, posterior spiracle; SO anterior spiracle secondary opening.

FIGURES 6A–H. Cinetomorpha simplex Simon, male, SEM images (PBI_OON 01308).A-D, cephalothorax. E, G, left palp; F, H, right palp.A, lateral view. B, ventral view. C, anterior view. D, cheliceral area, lateral view. E, prolateral view. F, frontal view. G, embolar basal area, prolateral view. H, embolus distal area, retrolateral view. Scales: A-F, 100 μm, G, 50 μm; H, 10 μm.

FIGURES 18A–L. Cinetomorpha chicote sp. nov., male, SEM images (PBI_OON 38814). A, carapace, dorsal view. B, same, anterior view. C, chelicerae, anterior view. D, sternum, ventral view. E, labial region, ventral view. F, endites, ventro-lateral view. G, fang, latero-ventral view. H, palp, anterior view. I, same, ventro-anterior view. J, abdomen, anterior view. K, dorsal scutum, detail, dorsal view. L, sperm pore, ventral view.Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; EDP, embolar distal process; EPP, embolar prolateral process; ET, embolar tip.

FIGURES 31A–H. Cinetomorpha puberula Simon, male syntype (PBI_OON 05528). A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. D, carapace, anterior view. E, sternum, ventral view. F, same, in clove oil immersion. G, abdomen, ventral view. H, same, in clove oil immersion. Abbreviations: Abbreviations: AS, anterior spiracle; G, gonopore; PS, posterior spiracle; SO anterior spiracle secondary opening.

FIGURES 32A–H. Cinetomorpha puberula Simon, male, syntype, SEM images. A-F, (PBI_OON 05528). G-H. (PBI_OON 26056).A, abdomen, lateral view. B, same, anterior view. C, G, palp, prolateral view. D, same, retrolateral view. E, H, same, anterior view. F, dorsal view.

FIGURES 33A–H. Cinetomorpha puberula Simon, male syntype. A-B, E-H, SEM images (PBI_OON 26056). C, D, transmitted light images (PBI_OON 05528). A, embolus, prolateral view. B, same, retrolateral view. C, same, dorsal view. D, epigastric area, ventral view. E, carapace, oblique lateral view. F, sternum, ventro-lateral view. G, endites and chelicerae, lateral view. H, chelicerae, antero-lateral view. Abbreviations: AS, anterior spiracle; C, conductor; E, embolus; EDP, embolar distal process; EPP, embolar prolateral process; ET, embolar tip; G, gonopore; PS, posterior spiracle; S, spermatic duct tip; SO anterior spiracle secondary opening.

FIGURES 37A–H. Cinetomorpha nesophila (Chamberlin), male, SEM images (PBI_OON 02189). A-D, palp. E-H, abdomen. A, palp, dorsal view. B, same, anterior view. C, same, prolateral view. D, same, ventral view. E, abdomen, anterior view. F, pedicel region, dorsal view. G, spinnerets, ventral view. H, epigastric region showing sperm pore, ventral view. Abbreviations: AS, anterior spiracle; C, conductor; CT, conductor tip; E, embolus; EDP, embolar distal process; EPP, embolar prolateral process; ET, embolar tip; G, gonopore; PS, posterior spiracle; SO anterior spiracle secondary opening.

FIGURES 39A–H. Cinetomorpha nesophila (Chamberlin), female, SEM images (PBI_OON 02189). A, carapace, anterior view. B, pedicel region, lateral view. C, endite showing serrula, ventral view. D, spinnerets, posterior view. E, claws, leg IV, lateral view. F, trichobothrium, tarsus III, dorsal view. G, tibia IV, dorsal view. H, tarsal organ, leg I, dorso-lateral view.

FIGURES 43A–H. Cinetomorpha bandolera sp. nov., male. A-C, E-G, (PBI_OON 05497). D, (PBI_OON 37873). H, (PBI_ OON 01168).A, dorsal view. B, same, ventral view. C, carapace, dorsal view. D, lateral view. E, same, anterior view. F, sternum, ventral view. G, abdomen, anterior view. H, embolus, prolateral view, transmitted light image, clove oil immersion.

FIGURES 52A–H. Cinetomorpha loreto sp. nov., male (PBI_OON 38819). A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, carapace, dorsal view. D, lateral view. E, anterior view. F, sternum, ventral view. G, abdomen, anterior view. H, palp, dorso-prolateral view, transmitted light image, clove oil immersion.

FIGURES 68A–H. Cinetomorpha adaga sp. nov., male. A-G, (PBI_OON 40553). H, (PBI_OON 40551). A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, carapace, dorsal view. D, lateral view. E, anterior view. F, sternum, ventral view. G, abdomen, anterior view. H, bulb, dorso-prolateral view, transmitted light image, clove oil immersion.

FIGURES 70A–L. Cinetomorpha adaga sp. nov., male, SEM images (PBI_OON 38827). A, carapace, dorsal view. B, same, anterior view. C, chelicerae, anterior view. D, sternum, ventral view. E, same, anterior furrow, ventral view. F, fangs, ventroanterior view. G, labium, ventral view. H, endite, ventral view. I, right palp, prolateral view. J, same, anterior view. K, left palp, ventral view. L, same, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; EDP, embolar distal process; EPP, embolar prolateral process; ET, embolar tip.

FIGURES 73A–H. Cinetomorpha atlantica sp. nov., male (PBI_OON 25675). A, dorsal view. B, lateral view. C, carapace, dorsal view. D, sternum, ventral view. E, anterior view. F, abdomen, ventral view. G, embolus, dorso-prolateral view, transmitted light image. H, ditto, retrolateral view, transmitted light image (arrow on embolus dorsal tooth).

FIGURES 86A–H. Cinetomorpha pauferro sp. nov., male (PBI_OON 26001). A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, carapace, dorsal view. D, lateral view. E, anterior view. F, sternum, ventral view. G, abdomen, anterior view. H, same, ventral view.

FIGURES 105A–H. Cinetomorpha itabaiana sp. nov., female A-F, (PBI_OON 25656). G-H, (PBI_OON 25655). A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, anterior view. D, lateral view. E, carapace, dorsal view. F, sternum, ventral view. G, abdomen, anterior view. H, internal genitalia, ventral view, transmitted light image, clove oil immersion.

FIGURES 108A–L. Cinetomorpha orellana sp. nov., SEM images (PBI_OON 26096).A-J, male. K-L, female. A, chelicerae, ventral view. B, endites, ventral view. C, same, latero-posterior view. D, palp, ventral view. E, same, dorsal view. F, same, anterior view. G, embolus, apical region, ventral view. H, palpal tibia, dorsal view. I, sperm pore, ventral view. J, spinneret region, ventral view. K, abdomen, dorsal scutum, dorsal view. L, palpal tarsus, lateral view.

FIGURES 109A–H. Cinetomorpha orellana sp. nov., female (PBI_OON 05757). A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, anterior view. D, lateral view. E, carapace, dorsal view. F, sternum, ventral view. G, abdomen, anterior view. H, internal genitalia, ventral view, transmitted light image, clove oil immersion.