Aspidosperma olivaceum Müll.Arg.

Castello, Ana Carolina Devides, Pereira, Andreza Stephanie De Souza, Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki, Zuntini, Alexandre Rizzo, Simões, André Olmos & Koch, Ingrid, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae), Phytotaxa 571 (3), pp. 239-277 : 259-260

Aspidosperma olivaceum Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 57. 1860.

≡ Aspidosperma olivaceum var. olivaceum . ≡ Macaglia olivacea (Müll.Arg.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 416. 1891.

Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. 1818–1820, F. Sellow B1647-c777 ( BR [barcode 0000005783380 image!]; isolectotypes: K [barcode K000587671 image!], NY [barcode 00297983 image!], P [barcode P00639580 image!]) .

= Aspidosperma olivaceum var. obtusifolium Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 58. 1860. Holotype:— BRAZIL. [São Paulo]: 1833, C. Gaudichaud 372 (P [barcode P04205135 image!]).

“ Aspidosperma eburneum ” Allemão in Saldanha in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5 19: 213. 1874, pro syn.

Notes —Based on the works about Friedrich Sellow ( Urban 1906; Herter 1945; de Moraes 2008), we were able to verify that the collection of A. olivaceum was made on his third journey to Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Minas Gerais states ( Brazil).

Furthermore, Müller-Argoviensis (1860a) indicated the single gathering “Sellow” (Sellow B1647-c777) in the prologue of A. olivaceum but did not cite in which herbarium the type would be deposited. Thus, we chose the specimen from this collection with a readable Sellow’s collecting number on the label as the lectotype of A. olivaceum (BR barcode 0000005783380) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Also, after analyzing the assumed protologue of “ A. eburneum ”, we verified that this designation was actually “synonymized” under A. olivaceum by Saldanha da Gama (1874), not published by him. Saldanha da Gama (1875) himself claimed that A. olivaceum and “ A. eburneum ” resembled each other in all characteristics. Another piece of evidence is that one of the lectotypes of A. olivaceum presents a determinavit by Saldanha da Gama as “ A. eburneum ” (BR barcode 0000005783380).

Woodson (1951) considered A. olivaceum as a synonym of A. pyricollum Müll.Arg. However , we accept A. olivaceum , which differs from A. pyricollum by the elliptic or narrowly obovate leaves (vs. obovate) and small petioles (0.6–1.7 vs. 1.7–3.2 cm long). Also, both occur in the Atlantic Forest, but A. olivaceum in Seasonal Semideciduous and Dense Ombrophilous Forests and A. pyricollum in Coastal Forest (i.e., Restinga).