Collartida phantasma Davranoglou & Baňař, 2022

Davranoglou, Leonidas-Romanos, Baňař, Petr, Suárez, Daniel, Martín, Sonia & Naranjo, Manuel, 2022, A new cavernicolous assassin bug from the Canary Islands (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae: Collartidini), Zootaxa 5115 (3), pp. 342-360 : 343-352

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.3.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:236E79CC-9FA2-435C-A789-658EF9B2A845
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6358283
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A787D2-5113-F141-FF21-FAF2FABEFE30
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Collartida phantasma Davranoglou & Baňař
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Collartida phantasma Davranoglou & Baňař , sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–14 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 13 View FIGURE 14 )

Type material. Holotype (male): Spain, Canary Islands, Gran Canaria, Telde, Los Cernícalos ravine, Mina La Federica , 27°58’58.44”N, 15°27’52.92”W, 347 m. a.s.l., hand collected, 4.xi.2017, M. Naranjo leg. GoogleMaps Paratype (one female): same as above, 3.iii.2018, M. Naranjo leg. Deposited at the University of Barcelona . Additional material examined. One larva tentatively considered conspecific, same data as paratype female.

Diagnosis. Due to their notable sexual dimorphism, the two sexes are diagnosed separately. The macropterous male differs from all congeners by the following combination of characters: eyes surpassing dorsal and ventral outline of head in lateral view ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); head 1.1 times wider than long; anteocular part of head distinctly and abruptly declivous beyond antennifer ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); first antennal segment with very long, erect hairs ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ); anterior pronotal lobe two times wider than long, collar with indistinct, subtriangular processes with rounded apex ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); fore coxa with two large dorsal spines ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ); parameres with a rounded apex, slightly notched dorsally ( Figs. 9A–B View FIGURE 9 , 10A–B View FIGURE 10 ).

Female apterous ( Fig. 12 View FIGURE 12 ); head with well-developed eyes ( Fig. 11A–B View FIGURE 11 ); width across eyes 1.6 times as long as interocular distance; anteocular 1.3 times longer than postocular; first antennal segment glabrous, 3.9 times longer than segment two (pedicel) ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ); anterior pronotal lobe 1.2 times longer than posterior lobe; fore coxa with two large dorsal spines ( Fig. 11C View FIGURE 11 ).

Description (holotype male). Colouration ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Head and thorax light orange yellowish. Body surface and vestiture. Integument weakly sclerotized, largely transparent, smooth; head covered dorsally with short, adpressed setae ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ), scape with sparse, very long, erect setae ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ), longest ones about 6.8 times longer than diameter of respective segment; pedicel and flagellomeres covered by short, semierect hairs; legs with dense, short pilosity ( Fig. 3B, C View FIGURE 3 ).

Structure. Head: elongate, about 1.1 times wider than long; anteocular part 1.3 times longer than postocular part, distinctly and abruptly declivous beyond antennifer; eyes large, strongly projecting in dorsal view ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ), surpassing both dorsal and ventral outlines of head in lateral view ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); width across eyes about 2.5 times as long as interocular distance; ventral surface of head armed with three pairs of spine-like setae ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ): one pair at level of gena, one pair anterior to eye, and one pair on the lateral surface immediately posteriad to eye. Labium: second labial segment (first visible) about 1.6 times longer than third, not attaining proximal margin of eye, armed with one pair of large spines, and two smaller pairs of hair-like spines immediately proximal and distal to it, respectively ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); third segment subequal in length to fourth, armed with a pair of large spines, two pairs of smaller spines anteriad to them, and one small pair posteriorly ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ); fourth segment with one very small pair of spines. Antenna: very long and slender, scape 2.6 times longer than pedicel ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ).

Thorax: Anterior lobe of pronotum quadrangular, transverse, two times as wide as long, 1.7 times longer than maximum length of posterior lobe ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); collar indistinct, its dorsolateral margins ending in a faint subtriangular process with a rounded apex ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); anterior lobe of pronotum with a distinct emargination below collar ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 , dashed outline indicated by arrow); posterior lobe extremely reduced, dorsally present as a narrow strip, distinctly concave medially ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ); longest part of posterior lobe of pronotum rounded, visible only in lateral view ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); mesoscutellum unarmed, postscutellum armed with a rounded spine ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ); direct (IIdvm1) and indirect (IIdlm1) wing muscles distinctly visible through cuticle ( Figs. 4A View FIGURE 4 , 5 View FIGURE 5 ).

Legs: Fore coxa elongate, cylindrical, 0.85 times as long as fore femur, with two spine-like setae on its dorsal surface ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ) and two smaller ones in its inner surface; fore trochanter with 4–5 spines in succession ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ); femur about 11 times longer than its greatest width; posteroventral series beginning at base of femur ( Fig. 6A–C View FIGURE 6 ), not extending to apex, composed of 4 long spine-like setae (2.2 times longer than maximum width of article), intermixed with shorter spines, which predominate at beginning of this series; anteroventral series reduced, hard to discern in transparent specimen; fore tibia 0.9 times the length of fore femur, distinctly thickened at apex ( Figs. 6A View FIGURE 6 , 7A View FIGURE 7 ); fore tarsal segment 1 shortest, segments 2 and 3 subequal in length ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ); claws symmetrical, unmodified; mid and hind legs slender and very long ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ); mid and hind tibiae 1.4 and 1.8 times longer than respective femora, respectively; mid and hind tarsi three-segmented ( Fig. 7B, C View FIGURE 7 ).

Fore wing ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 , 8 View FIGURE 8 ): basal portion of wing veins sclerotised, distal part of wing transparent, with veins hardly discernible; wing 3.2 times longer than maximum width; discal cell short, about 1.5 times longer than basal cell; postcubitus (Pcu) linked to basal cell with a short cross-vein ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 , blue arrow).

Genitalia ( Figs. 9 View FIGURE 9 , 10 View FIGURE 10 ): pygophore posteriorly with paired, rounded processes that diverge outwards ( Fig. 9A, B View FIGURE 9 ); setae uniformly distributed on posterior margin of pygophore ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ); parameres rounded, with a weak notch dorsally ( Figs. 9A, B View FIGURE 9 , 10A, B View FIGURE 10 ); articulatory apparatus as in Figs. 9B, D View FIGURE 9 , 10E, F View FIGURE 10 ), with a thick ponticulus transversalis; struts entirely fused for most of their length ( Fig. 10E, F View FIGURE 10 ); dorsal phallothecal sclerite as in Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 , endosoma not everted (black mass in Fig. 10E, F View FIGURE 10 ).

Measurements (in mm). Male (holotype): Total body length 3.39 (without pygophore); length of head without neck: 0.55; width across eyes: 0.49; interocular distance: 0.20; length of postocular part of head: 0.22; length of anteocular part of head: 0.29; lengths of labial segments: II – 0.33, III – 0.20, IV – 0.20; lengths of antennal segments: I – 2.78, II – 1.05, III – 2.8, IV – 0.75; length of pronotum along midline: 0.58; length of anterior lobe along midline: 0.22; greatest width of anterior lobe: 0.44; length of posterior lobe along midline: 0.07; length of fore wing: 3.08, greatest width of fore wing: 0.95; length of fore coxa: 0.89; length of fore femur: 1.04; greatest width of fore femur: 0.09; length of greatest spine of femur: 0.20; length of fore tibia: 0.93; length of fore tarsus: 0.27; length of mid femur: 3.22; length of mid tibia: 4.49; length of mid tarsus: 0.30; length of hind femur: 3.53; length of hind tibia: 6.25; length of hind tarsus: 0.32; length of pygophore: 0.38.

Female. Colouration. Light yellowish-creamy ( Figs. 11A View FIGURE 11 , 12 View FIGURE 12 ); apex of fore tibia and middle of pedicellus distinctly darker than rest of body ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ).

Body surface and vestiture. Integument largely transparent, smooth and in most part glabrous ( Figs. 11A View FIGURE 11 , 13 View FIGURE 13 ); short, adpressed setae on dorsal surface of head ( Fig. 11B View FIGURE 11 ); antennae largely glabrous ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ), with extremely small, almost imperceptible setae; short, erect setae present only in fore legs, especially on the tibia ( Fig. 11C, D View FIGURE 11 ).

Structure. Body much stouter than male. Head: elongate, about 1.3 times wider than long; anteocular part 1.3 times longer than postocular part; eyes medium-sized, not reaching dorsal or ventral margin of head in lateral view ( Fig. 11A, B View FIGURE 11 ); width across eyes 1.6 times larger than interocular distance; ventral surface of head armed with four pairs of spine-like setae ( Fig. 11A, B View FIGURE 11 ): one pair at level of gena, one pair anteriad to the eye, and two pairs immediately posteriad to eye, first one laterally placed, distinctly projecting anteriad, second one ventrally placed projecting ventrad ( Fig. 11B View FIGURE 11 ). Labium: second labial segment (first visible) 1.6 times longer than third segment, not attaining proximal margin of eye, armed with one pair of large spines, and one smaller pair distally ( Figs. 11A, B View FIGURE 11 ); third segment subequal in length to that of fourth, armed with a single pair of large spines, two pairs of smaller spines proximally to the latter, and one small pair distally ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 ); fourth segment unarmed. Antenna: very long and slender, scape 3.9 times longer than pedicel ( Fig. 11A View FIGURE 11 , 12A View FIGURE 12 ).

Thorax: anterior pronotal lobe bulbous, 1.2 times wider than long, medially divided by a deep sulcus ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 ); posterior lobe extremely reduced, strip-like, 5.5 times smaller than anterior lobe ( Fig. 12B View FIGURE 12 ). Wings completely absent ( Fig. 13B, D View FIGURE 13 ); mesothorax dorsally with a distinct median keel ( Fig. 13D View FIGURE 13 ); postscutellum with a short bump ( Fig. 13D View FIGURE 13 ).

Legs: Fore coxa elongate, cylindrical, 0.9 times as long as fore femur, with two spine-like setae on its dorsal surface ( Fig. 11A, C View FIGURE 11 ), and 4–5 very long spines on its inner surface ( Fig. 12A View FIGURE 12 ), intermixed with several small ones; fore trochanter with several spines ( Fig. 11A, C View FIGURE 11 ); femur about 11 times longer than its greatest width; posteroventral series beginning at base of femur ( Fig. 11A–C View FIGURE 11 ), not extending to apex, composed of 4–5 long spine-like setae (largest barely longer than maximum width of article), intermixed with shorter spines; anteroventral series comprising two rows of about 20 short spines each; fore tibia 0.7 times the length of fore femur, distinctly thickened at apex ( Fig. 11A, C View FIGURE 11 ); fore tarsal segment 1 shortest, segments 2 and 3 subequal in length ( Fig. 11D View FIGURE 11 ); claws symmetrical, unmodified ( Fig. 11D, E View FIGURE 11 ), with two distinct campaniform sensilla at base ( Fig. 11F View FIGURE 11 ); mid and hind legs slender and very long ( Fig. 13A, B View FIGURE 13 ); mid and hind tibiae 1.3 and 1.7 times longer than respective femora, respectively; mid and hind tarsi three-segmented.

Pregenital abdomen: Elongate oval, with triangular apex ( Fig. 13A–C View FIGURE 13 ). A single egg distinctly visible ( Fig. 13A View FIGURE 13 , white arrows).

Genitalia: As in Fig. 13C View FIGURE 13 , with a triangular apex.

Measurements (in mm). Female (paratype): Total body length: 4.14; length of head without neck: 0.56; width across eyes: 0.44; interocular distance: 0.27; length of postocular part of head: 0.24; length of anteocular part of head: 0.31; lengths of antennal segments: I – 2.36, II – 0.60, III – 0.56, IV – 0.98; lengths of labial segments: II – 0.36, III – 0.22, IV – 0.20; length of pronotum along midline: 0.38; length of anterior lobe along midline: 0.38; greatest width of anterior lobe: 0.47; length of posterior lobe along midline: 0.07; length of fore coxa: 1.16; length of fore femur: 1.22; greatest width of fore femur: 0.11; length of fore tibia: 0.89; length of fore tarsus: 0.31; length of mid femur: 2.66; length of mid tibia: 3.65; length of mid tarsus: 0.22; length of hind femur: 3.45; length of hind tibia: 5.83; length of hind tarsus: 0.33.

Etymology. The name of the new species is the latinized form of the Greek noun φάντασμα, which means ‘ghost’, referring to the transparent, phantom-like appearance of the species. Noun in apposition.

Habitat. The type locality is an abandoned human-made water mine locally known as ‘La Federica’, whose fauna and biological attributes have been described in detail in Suárez, Martín & Naranjo (2018) and Naranjo et al. (2018). The mine is divided in two parts: a west sector, in which oxygen levels are low and CO 2 is always higher than 10,000 ppm, and an east sector, in which the relative humidity is about 85%, but air conditions are more similar to those of the surface. All individuals of C. phantasma sp. nov. were hand collected from the floor of the east sector ( Fig. 14 View FIGURE 14 ), about 150 metres from the mine entrance. The landscape surrounding the mine consists of degraded thermo-sclerophyllous woodland, of Pistacia lentiscus L. and Olea cerasiformis Rivas-Mart. & del Arco.