Trichomyia

Araújo, Maíra Xavier & Bravo, Freddy, 2016, Description of fourty four new species, taxonomic notes and identification key to Neotropical Trichomyia Haliday in Curtis (Diptera: Psychodidae, Trichomyiinae), Zootaxa 4130 (1), pp. 1-76 : 6-11

Key to males of Neotropical Trichomyia

1. Maxillary palpus four-segmented, first segment either partially fused or not fused to second segment ( Fig. 1B ).......... 2

- Maxillary palpus three-segmented ( Figs. 2A , 3B , 4C )...................................................... 27

2. First segment of palpus clearly separated from second segment; flagellomeres cylindrical; first flagellomere 1.4–2.0 times the length of second flagellomere; species known only from southern South America....................................................... A key to species of Trichomyia from southern South America can be consulted in Duckhouse (1972)

- First segment of palpus partially fused to second segment; flagellomeres pyriform; first and second flagellomere with approxi- mately the same length; species widely distributed in Southern America......................................... 3

3. Gonostylus heavily sclerotized........................................................... ( nebulicola group) 4

- Gonostylus lightly sclerotized.......................................................................... 6

4. Gonostylus directed laterally; two arms of gonocoxite, each with an elongated bristle at apex, spur-like; ejaculatory apodeme long, 2.25 times the length of gonostylus... Trichomyia quimbaya Bejarano, Pérez-Doria & Sierra (Distribution: Colômbia)

- Gonostylus medially directed; one arm of gonocoxite with elongated bristles across its surface; ejaculatory apodeme short, equal to length of gonostylus........................................................................... 5

5. Aedeagus simple with truncated apex..................... Trichomyia nebulicola Ibáñez-Bernal (Distribution: México)

- Aedeagus expanded medially with pointed apex........ Trichomyia andina Pérez-Doria & Sierra (Distribution: Colombia)

6. Gonocoxites plate-like, fused with epandrium ( Fig. 1F )...................................................... 7

- Gonocoxites fused with epandrium or not, but never plate-like............................................... 11

7. Gonostylus independent, articulated to gonocoxite; hypandrium and gonocoxites fused, forming a large dorsal plate, covering all structures of apical terminalia ( Fig. 1F ); hypoproct with rounded apex ( Fig. 1D )...................................................... Trichomyia incrustabilis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará and Amazonas)

- Gonostyli fused basally; hypandrium and gonocoxites fused, forming a plate-like sclerite (gonocoxal plate), never covering all structures of apical terminalia; hypoproct weakly or strongly bilobed..................... (subgenus Syntrichomyia)... 8

8. Gonocoxal plate with short or long lateral arms on posterior margin (0.2 to 0.6 times the length of gonostylus), crowned with a set of bristles; median surface of gonocoxal plate with bristles................................................. 9

- Gonocoxal plate with posterior margin straight, without arms, and a set of bristles on posterolateral margin; surface of gono- coxal plate without bristles............................................................................. 10

9. Gonocoxal plate with short lateral arms, 0.2 times the length of gonostylus, with approximately six bristles; gonostylus (= aedeagus of Quate 1999) terminating in a tip, without bristles........... Trichomyia biloba Quate (Distribution: Panama)

- Gonocoxal plate with long lateral arms, 0.6 times the length of gonostylus, with four bristles; gonostylus ending in rounded apex with apical bristles.................. Trichomyia horrida Araújo & Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

10. Ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.5 times the length of gonostylus; cerci joined by a medial sclerotized bridge; M2 incomplete, sepparated from M1................................... Trichomyia onorei Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Ejaculatory apodeme long, approximately the same length as gonostylus; cercus without sclerotized bridge; M2 complete, forked to M1....................................... Trichomyia queirozi Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

11. Gonocoxite with setae-bearing the medial lobe.................................... (subgenus Opisthotrichomyia) 12

- Gonocoxite without medial lobe....................................................................... 17

12. Gonostylus clavate, with apex subspherical, sculptured..................................................................................................... Trichomyia nocturna Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of São Paulo)

- Gonostylus never clavate, apex with other formats, never subspherical or sculptured.............................. 13

13. Ejaculatory apodeme short, about 0.5 times the length of gonostylus........................................... 14

- Ejaculatory apodeme long, the same length or longer than the gonostylus....................................... 15

14. Gonocoxite with simple protrusion on median dorsal surface, protrusion with bristles; aedeagus with two openings................................................ Trichomyia fluminensis Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Rio de Janeiro)

- Gonocoxite with quadrate, knob-like protrusion on median dorsal surface with bristles; simple aedeagus, expanded apically.

........... Trichomyia riodocensis Alexander, Freitas & Quate (Distribution: Brazil, state of Minas Gerais and Rondônia) 15. Apex of gonostylus not bifurcate, narrow, like a bristle; ejaculatory apodeme larger than cercus............................................................... Trichomyia brevitarsa (Rapp) (Distribution: Costa Rica, Panamá, Colômbia)

- Apex of gonostylus bifurcate, ejaculatory apodeme smaller than circus......................................... 16

16. Ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.2 times the length of cercus.... T richomyia festiva Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Ejaculatory apodeme long, 0.5 times the length of cercus................................................................................................... Trichomyia vargasi (Barretto) (Distribution: Brazil, state of São Paulo)

17. Gonostylus subelliptical with short and apical hook-like process...... Trichomyia saurotis Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

- Gonostylus never subelliptical and with apical projection.................................................... 18

18. Gonocoxites projected dorsally, fused basally, with two long posterior arms, 1.0–3.5 times the length of ejaculatoy apodeme.......................................................................... (subgenus Brachitrichomyia)...19

- Gonocoxites not projected dorsally, fused or not basally and without arm of gonocoxite........................... 25

19. Sensilla in depressed pit on segment 2 and absent in segment 1; ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.3 times the length of arm of gonocoxite............................................. Trichomyia pseudodactylis Quate (Distribution: Panama)

- Sensilla in depressed pit on segments 1 and 2; ejaculatory apodeme short or long, 0.2–1.0 times the length of gonocoxite. 20

20. Ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.2–0.4 times the length of arm of gonocoxite; bristles of medial margin of arm of gonocoxite sim- ple not feathered.................................................................................... 21

- Ejaculatory apodeme long, the same length as arm of gonocoxite; bristles of medial margin of arm of gonocoxite feathered.................................................................................................... 24

21. Gonostyli absent.................................................................................... 22

- Gonostyli present................................................................................... 23

22. Four segment of palpus 1.3 times the length of third segment; CuA2 ending after medial fork........................................................................ Trichomyia armata Barretto (Distribution: Brazil, state of São Paulo)

- Four segment of palpus 0.8 the length of third segment; CuA2 ending before medial fork.................................................................... Trichomyia brasiliensis Satchell (Distribution: Brazil, state of Santa Catarina)

23. Ejaculatory apodeme 0.2 times the length of arm of gonocoxite; bristle of arm of gonocoxite in ½ apical.................................................... Trichomyia risaraldensis Bejarano, Pérez-Doria & Sierra (Distribution: Colombia)

- Ejaculatory apodeme 0.4 times the length of arm of gonocoxite; elongated bristles of arm of gonocoxite in all medial margin.................................................... Trichomyia quatei Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

24. Cercus, in ventral view, long, subrectangular; arm of gonocoxite sub-parallel................................................................. Trichomyia inermis Barretto (Distribution: Brazil, states of São Paulo, Bahia and Amazonas)

- Cercus, in ventral view, drop-shaped; arm of gonocoxite convergent to midline.......................................................................... Trichomyia plumata Araújo & Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

25. Gonocoxite, in dorsal view, with small lobe in the medial side; gonostylus bare, turned to the midline.................................................................... Trichomyia saga Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of São Paulo)

- Gonocoxite, in dorsal view, subcylindrical, pilose, straight................................................... 26

26. Ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.3 the length of the gonocoxite; gonostylus short 0.5 times the length of the gonocoxite, cercus long, triangular in ventral view.................. Trichomyia buchholzi Wagner & Masteller (Distribution: Puerto Rico)

- Ejaculatory apodeme long, the same length as the gonocoxite; gonostylus long, the same length as the gonocoxite; cercus small, subcircular........................................ Trichomyia triangularis Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

27. Tergum 7 with pair of lateral lobes, each one with 3–5 elongated bristles, sometimes fused (as a single bristle)..................................................................................... (subgenus Septemtrichomyia)...28

- Tergum 7 without elongated bristles.................................................................... 41

28. Group of elongated bristles on tergum 7 with straight apices................................................. 29

- Group of elongated bristles on tergum 7 with curved apices.................................................. 34

29. Apex of arm of gonocoxite with three hairs....... Trichomyia botosaneanui Wagner (Distribution: Caribbean, Martinique)

- Apex of arm of gonocoxite with a row of rod-like setae..................................................... 30

30. Presence of spine-like projection at base of arm of gonocoxite........................................................................................... Trichomyia sertaneja Araújo & Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Absence of spine-like projection at base of arm of gonocoxite................................................ 31

31. Medial margin of apex of gonocoxite with a row of rod-like setae............................................................................................. Trichomyia mishi Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Rio de Janeiro)

- Lateral margin of apex of gonocoxite with a row of rod-like setae............................................. 32

32. Terminalia with one pair of projections in the aedeagal complex (= parameres of Araújo & Bravo, 2012)................................... Trichomyia amazonensis Araújo & Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará, Amazonas and Roraima)

- Terminalia with two pairs of projections in the aedeagal complex............................................. 33

33. Ejaculatory apodeme long, 4.0 times the length of gonostylus............................................................................................... Trichomyia imarui Araújo & Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Pará)

- Ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.5 times the length of gonostylus............................................................................................ Trichomyia pedrabranquensis Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

34. Gonocoxites with two dorsal appendages, basal one shorter, angular, distal one elongated and straight..................................................... Trichomyia sattelmairi Wagner & Masteller (Distribution: Caribbean, Puerto Rico)

- Gonocoxites never with two dorsal appendages........................................................... 35

35. Projection of aedeagal complex (= parameres of Bravo, 1999), in ventral view, with medial arm.......................

..................................................... Trichomyia bou Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia) - Projection of aedeagal complex, in ventral view, never with medial arm........................................ 36

36. R2 and R3 subequal in length........................................................................... 37

- R2 about 1.5 times the length of R3...................................................................... 39

37. Apex of arm of gonocoxite with a row of rod-like setae.............................................................................. Trichomyia dolichopogon Alexander, Freitas & Quate (Distribution: Brazil, state of Minas Gerais)

- Apex of arm of gonocoxite with setae................................................................... 38

38. Ejaculatory apodeme long, 2.5 times the length of the gonostylus................................................................................ Trichomyia jezeki Araújo & Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará and Amazonas)

- Ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.7 times the length of the gonostylus... Trichomyia dolichakis Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

39. Projection of aedeagal complex triangular in dorsal view (= parameres of Bravo, 1999).................................................................................. Trichomyia cauga Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Projection of aedeagal complex triangular in dorsal view, elongated........................................... 40

40. Ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.7 times the length of the projection of aedeagal complex (= parameres of Quate, 1999)................................................................ Trichomyia dolichothrix Quate (Distribution: Panamá)

- Ejaculatory apodeme long, 1.7 times the length of the projection of aedeagal complex (= parameres of Araújo & Bravo, 2012)......................................... Trichomyia atlantica Araújo & Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

41. Gonocoxites without arm; gonostylus dorsally and apically articulated to gonocoxite.............................. 42

- Gonocoxites with one or two arms; gonostylus articulated ventrally to gonocoxite................................ 44

42. Gonostylus bare......................... Trichomyia masneri Wagner (Distribution: Caribbean, Dominican Republic)

- Gonostylus with elongated or rod-like bristles apically...................................................... 43

43. Gonostylus with elongated bristles in the apical upper margin................................................................................................. Trichomyia sulbaianensis Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Gonostylus with a row of rod-like bristles at apex and elongated bristles in the lateral lateral margin............................................................................ Trichomyia xaniostylis Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

44. One pair of arm of gonocoxite ( Figs. 2I , 3F , 4E )........................................................... 45

- Two pairs of arm of gonocoxite (including bifurcations) ( Figs. 12F , 18 G, 21F)................................... 85

45. Arm of gonocoxite short in view dorsal, 0.2–0.3 times the length of ejaculatory apodeme, with elongated bristles....... 46

- Arm of gonocoxite long in view dorsal, larger than 0.2–0.3 times the length of ejaculatory apodeme, with elongated or reduced bristles........................................................................................... 49

46. Apex of gonocoxite with projection spur-like ( Figs. 24C , 36E )............................................... 47

- Apex of gonocoxite without projection spur-like........................................................... 48

47. Expansion basal of gonocoxite truncated; gonostylus with rounded apex ( Fig. 24G ); two rod-like bristles at apex of cercus ( Fig. 24F )........................ Trichomyia crinita Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

- Expansion basal of gonocoxite bifurcated apically; apex of gonostylus truncated ( Fig. 36E ), bristles with curved apex at apex of cercus ( Fig. 36D )................. Trichomyia paraensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Pará)

48. Gonostylus long, the same length as ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 20F ), bristles rod-like at apex of cercus ( Figs. 20E, 20G )....................................... Trichomyia cerdosa Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Gonostylus short, 0.2 times the length of ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 14F ), cercus without differentiated bristles in the apex.................................. Trichomyia aquita Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

49. Cercus with apex with three digitiform processes......................................... ( tritruncula group)... 50

- Cercus apex never with with three digitiform processes..................................................... 51

50. Process digitiforms in the apex of cercus with spiniform bristles; arm of gonocoxite with two bristles at apex............................................................. Trichomyia itabunensis Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Process digitiforms in the apex of cercus without bristles; arm of gonocoxite with bristles throughout its length.................................................................... Trichomyia tritruncula Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

51. Gonostylus strongly sclerotized ( Figs. 4E , 5D , 6F )........................................ ( styloryncha group)...52

- Gonostylus slightly sclerotized........................................................................ 55

52. Gonostylus inflated, with digitiform processes apically ( Fig. 5D )............................................................................. Trichomyia rondonensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Rondônia)

- Gonostylus with other formats, never inflated (bifurcated, tapered, with rounded apex) .............................. 53

53. Arm of gonocoxite ending in acute apex; gonostylus bifurcate, projected horizontally ( Fig. 4E )............................................................. Trichomyia cetrae Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Arm of gonocoxite ending in rounded apex; gonostylus simple, projected diagonally to the apex...................... 54

54. Gonostylus tapered, curved projections in the aedeagal complex (= parameres of Quate, 1996) with curved tip and acute apex......................................................... Trichomyia intricata Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

- Gonostylus with rounded apex, curved projections in the aedeagal complex with truncated apex ( Fig. 6F ).......................................................... Trichomyia puntarenas Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Costa Rica)

55. Gonostylus apically bifurcate or with tubers............................................................. 104

- Gonostylus without apical bifurcation or tubers........................................................... 56

56. Arm of gonocoxite digitiform, with rounded apex and expanded base ( Figs. 2I , 3F ); cercus with setaceous projection ( Figs. 2D , 3D )....................................................................................( flinti group)... 57

- Arm of gonocoxite with other formats; cercus with or without projection with bristles............................. 59

57. Projection with rod-like bristles in the medial portion of cercus ( Fig. 3D )........................................................................... Trichomyia lobata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

- Projection with bristles inserted apically on cercus.......................................................... 58

58. Ascoids annulate ( Fig. 2B ); elongated projection in the medial portion of arm of gonocoxite; ejaculatory apodeme short, 1.8 times the length of ventral projection of aedeagal complex ( Fig. 2I )............................................................... Trichomyia anira Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Amazonas, Roraima and Pará)

- Ascoids not annulate; arm of gonocoxite without medial projection; ejaculatory apodeme long, 3.8 times the length of ventral projection of aedeagal complex....................... Trichomyia flinti Wagner & Masteller (Distribution: Puerto Rico)

59. Gonostylus small, inconspicuous, medial setose lobe in the gonocoxite, about as wide as long.................................................................................. Trichomyia clavellata Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

- Gonostylus large or small; without medial setose lobe in the gonocoxite........................................ 60

60. Cercus with elongated apex and two apical bristles ( Figs. 25I , 27G , 28F )....................................... 61

- Cercus without bristles, or with more than two bristles in the apex............................................ 63

61. Elongate bristles at apex of cercus and in the arm of gonocoxite ( Figs. 25H, 25I )...................................................................... Trichomyia elongata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Bristles rod-like in the apex of cercus and in the arm of gonocoxite............................................ 68

62. Gonocoxites with posterior arm sinuous; aedeagus short, ending near the base of projections in the aedeagal complex ( Figs. 28H ).............................. Trichomyia hispida Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Gonocoxites with posterior arm tapering apically; aedeagus ending near the apex of projections in the aedeagal complex ( Fig. 22G )........................... Trichomyia complicata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

63. Projection of gonocoxite with apical lamellate bristle......... Trichomyia ivani Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Projection of gonocoxite with other kinds of bristles, never lamellate.......................................... 64

64. One pair of horizontal and sclerotized projections in the aedeagal complex, directed medially ( Fig. 34F ).............. 65

- Projections in the aedeagal complex never horizontal and sclerotized, directed medially........................... 66

65. Arm of gonocoxite with narrow base and expanded medial portion, with rod-like bristles at apex ( Figs. 34F, 34J )................................ Trichomyia nortensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Amazonas and Pará)

- Arm of gonocoxite with narrow base and expanded apex, without rod-like bristles at apex............................................................................. Trichomyia ramalhoi Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

66. Ventral projections of gonocoxites with a prominent strong tooth on inner side................................................................................ Trichomyia rawlinsi Wagner (Distribution: Caribe, Dominican Republic)

- Ventral projections of gonocoxites without a tooth on inner side ( Figs. 42F , 43D )................................. 67

67. Projections in the aedeagal complex and aedeagus covered with an expansion of gonocoxite ( Figs. 42E , 43F ).......... 68

- Projections in the aedeagal complex and aedeagus never or partly covered with an expansion of gonocoxite........... 70

68. Sclerotized expansion of gonocoxite covering the projections in the aedeagal complex and aedeagus ( Fig. 42E )........................................... Trichomyia spinicauda Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Membranous expansion of gonocoxite covering the projections in the aedeagal complex and aedeagus................ 69

69. Cercus with spiniform bristles in the dorsal view; reduzed gonostylus, 0.3 times the length of projections in the aedeagal com- plex ( Figs. 43D, 43F ).................................................................................................. Trichomyia spinosa Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia,

- Cercus without spiniform bristles in the dorsal view; elongated gonostylus, 1,5 times the length of projections in the aedeagal complex ( Fig. 30F )............... Trichomyia longiseta Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

70. Cercus with rod-like bristles at apex ( Figs. 29E , 35E )....................................................... 71

- Cercus with bristles, never rod-like at apex............................................................... 72

71. Hypandrium covering the aedeagus, with a subspherical projection dorsal ( Fig. 29F ); Elongated arm of gonocoxite with lateral bristles and two apical espiniform setae ( Fig. 29H ).................................................................................... Trichomyia inedita Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Amazonas and Pará)

- Hypandrium not covering the aedeagus; sinuous arm of gonocoxite with elongated bristles in the apex ( Fig. 35F )........................................... Trichomyia notata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Rondônia)

72. Projections in the aedeagal complex strongly sclerotized ( Figs. 23H , 41F )...................................... 73

- Projections in the aedeagal complex slightly sclerotized..................................................... 79

73. Arm of gonocoxite with rod-like bristles at apex ( Fig. 23H )......................................................................... Trichomyia conchulata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Amazonas and Pará)

- Arm of gonocoxite never with rod-like bristles at apex....................................................... 74

74. One pair of projection of aedeagal complex trifurcated, claw-shaped ( Fig. 41F )............................................................. Trichomyia sinuosa Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Amazonas and Pará)

- Projection of aedeagal complex with other formats, never trifurcated.......................................... 75

75. Gonostylus with several strong spines...................... Trichomyia acanthostylis Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

- Gonostylus bare.................................................................................... 76

76. Epandrium with lateroapical expansions with bristles ( Figs. 19D )................................................................ Trichomyia caipora Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Amazonas, Pará and Roraima)

- Epandrium without lateroapical expansions with bristles.................................................... 77

77. Arm of gonocoxite with truncated apex........................ Trichomyia pedicillata Satchell (Distribution: Panama)

- Arm of gonocoxite with rounded or pointed apex ( Figs. 16G , 26F )............................................ 78

78. Arm of gonocoxite with rounded apex ( Figs. 26D, 26F ); ejaculatory apodeme long, 2.6 times the length of gonostylus......................................... Trichomyia grossa Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Arm of gonocoxite with pointed apex; ejaculatory apodeme short, as long as gonostylus ( Fig. 16G )....................................................... Trichomyia bahiensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

79. Arm of gonocoxite curved and medially directed; elongated gonostylus truncated apically ( Figs. 7G , 8G , 9F )................................................................................................. ( truncata group)...80

- Arm of gonocoxite curved or not; gonostylus never truncated apically......................................... 83

80. Presence of one pair of complex projection of aedeagal complex; with four expansions, directed to the dorsal, inner, apical and ventral portions ( Fig. 9F )... Trichomyia manacapurensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

- Curved projections in the aedeagal complex, simple and convergents ( Figs. 7G , 8G , 10F ).......................... 81

81. Absence of expansion of gonocoxite with dentiform margin................................................................................... Trichomyia cinthiae Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

- Presence of expansion of gonocoxite with dentiform margin ( Fig. 8G )......................................... 82

82. Presence of one pair of curved projections in the aedeagal complex with two medial expansion ( Fig. 8G )......................................... Trichomyia dentata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará and Amazonas)

- Presence of one pair of curved projections in the aedeagal complex without medial expansion ( Fig. 10F )....................................... Trichomyia truncata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará and Amazonas)

83. Elongated arm of gonocoxite expanded apically with elongated apical bristles ( Figs. 17E, 17F ).............................................. Trichomyia carenata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará and Amazonas)

- Arm of gonocoxite expanded basally with bristles ( Figs. 15E , 37E )............................................ 84

84. Arm of gonocoxite with apicolateral bristles and two apical bristles thicker than the others ( Fig. 15E )........................................................... Trichomyia araguaensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Venezuela)

- Arm of gonocoxite with apicolateral bristles and one bare expansion articulated in the medial portion of arm ( Fig. 37E )................................. Trichomyia pitinguensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

85. Cercus with bifurcated apex in lateral view ( Fig. 31E )...................................................... 86

- Cercus without bifurcated apex in lateral view............................................................ 87

86. Gonocoxite with a ventral expansion, that in dorsal view is parallel to projection of aedeagal complex, hypoproct with trun- cated apex...................................... Trichomyia colosensis Pérez-Doria et al. (Distribution: Colombia)

- Gonocoxite with elongated and lanceolate expansion that in dorsal view intersect at apex ( Figs. 31F, 31H ), hypoproct with pointed apex ( Figs. 31E, 31G )........ Trichomyia mariensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

87. Cercus with six elongated and thick bristles, 0.7 times the length of cercus............................................................................................. Trichomyia iarae Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Cercus with small bristles, always less than 0.2 times the length of cercus...................................... 88

88. Arm of gonocoxites with one strong bristle at apex, turned to midline................................................................................................. Trichomyia annae Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Arm of gonocoxite without or with more than one bristle at apex, usually turned to apex ( Figs. 18 G, 21F)............. 89

89. Two arms of gonocoxite with apical bristles ( Fig. 18 G, 21F)................................................. 90

- One arm of gonocoxite with apical bristles............................................................... 97

90. Cercus without special apical bristles................... Trichomyia danieli Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Cercus with special apical bristles (rod-like, spiniform) ( Figs. 18E , 21D , 33D )................................... 91

91. Cercus with two apical bristles......................................................................... 92

- Cercus with more than two apical bristles................................................................ 95

92. Arm of gonocoxite medially bifurcate ( Figs. 18D, 18 G, 21F)................................................ 93

- Arms of gonocoxite with independent origin ( Fig. 27 H)..................................................... 94

93. Aedeagal complex with one pair of subtriangular projections; with divergent tip upward of arms of gonocoxite ( Fig. 21F )........................... Trichomyia colligata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Roraima and Pará)

- Aedeagal complex with one pair of subtriangular projections; with divergent tip below of arms of gonocoxite ( Fig. 18 G).......................... Trichomyia bifurcata Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará and Amazonas)

94. Arms of gonocoxite broader and with rounded apex, subspherical, ejaculatory apodeme short, 0.8 times the length of gonosty- lus ( Fig. 27 H)... Trichomyia hileiana Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará, Roraima and Amazonas)

- Arms of gonocoxite elongated, expanded in the base and apex, ejaculatory apodeme long, 1.5 times the length of gonostylus................................................ Trichomyia teimosensis Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

95. Hypoproct with pointed apex ( Fig. 33D )................................................................................................. Trichomyia mineira Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Minas Gerais)

- Hypoproct with rounded apex ( Figs. 32F , 40D )............................................................ 96

96. Aedeagal complex with one sclerotized curved pair of projection; with pointed apex directed laterally; gonostylus with trun- cated apex ( Fig. 40G )..... Trichomyia ribeiroi Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará and Amazonas)

- Aedeagal complex with one pair of sclerotized curved projections with apex directed apically; gonostylus with rounded apex ( Fig. 32I )....... Trichomyia mendesi Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará, Roraima and Amazonas)

97. One pair of arm of gonocoxite with a row of rod-like bristles ( Fig. 39E ), cercus with apical expansion ( Fig. 39F )..........

.................................. Trichomyia pua Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas) - One pair of arm of gonocoxite with or without a row of rod-like bristles, cercus never with apical expansion........... 98

98. Cercus with elongated rod-like bristles at apex ( Figs. 11G , 12G , 13D )............................... ( longa group) 99

- Cercus without special bristles at apex................................................................. 101

99. Hypandrium and gonocoxites fused forming a wide dorsal plate, covering the projection of aedeagal complex and aedeagus ( Fig. 11I )....................... Trichomyia confusa Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Amazonas)

- Hypandrium and gonocoxites fused never forming a wide dorsal plate........................................ 100

100. Arm of gonocoxite lateral with rod-like bristles in the apex; projections in the aedeagal complex intricatedly structred, a distal pair with a hook-like apex; the proximal pair with three expansions, all shorter than the distal ( Fig. 13F ).................................................. Trichomyia ituberensis Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Arm of gonocoxite lateral without rod-like bristles at apex; aedeagal complex with two pairs of projections, dorsal pair smaller than ventral pair and distally curved to the midline ( Fig. 12F )........................................................................................ Trichomyia longa Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

101. Arm of gonocoxite bifurcate apically ( Fig. 38F ).......................................................... 102

- Arm of gonocoxite never bifurcate apically ( Fig. 44F )..................................................... 103

102. Gonostylus subtriangular slowly bifurcated basally; cercus with a row of broad bristles in the apex...................................................................... Trichomyia silvatica Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

- Gonostylus subtriangular, without slowly bifurcated basally ( Fig. 38 G); cercus with a row of hairs in the apex ( Fig. 38E )............ Trichomyia pseudosilvatica Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará, Rondônia and Amazonas)

103. Gonostylus subtriangular; ejaculatory apodeme shorter than gonostylus ( Fig. 44F ).................................................. Trichomyia stangae Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. (Distribution: Brazil, states of Pará, Roraima and Amazonas)

- Gonostylus with expanded base and apex; ejaculatory apodeme longer than gonostylus............................................................................ Trichomyia serrajiboiensis Bravo (Distribution: Brazil, state of Bahia)

104. Gonostylus with subapical, thumblike projection on posterior margin... Trichomyia ptilotis Quate (Distribution: Costa Rica)

- Gonostylus with 3 tubers, basally 2 smaller tubes originate: the more robust with 4 apical spines and the less robust with a single apical spine, the long tube is ornamented by a subapical spine followed by an apical spine............................................................... Trichomyia pintoi Santos & Leite (Distribution: Brazil, state of Espírito Santo)

Figures

FIGURES 1 A – G. Trichomyia incrustabilis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Cerci, epandrium, hypropoct; E. Male terminalia, lateral; F. Male terminalia, dorsal; G. Cercus, in ventral view. (abbreviations: gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).

FIGURES 2 A – I. Trichomyia anira sp. nov. A. Palpus; B. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; C. Last flagellomere; D. Cercus, dorsal view; E. Right wing; F. Cerci, epandrium, hypropoct and epiproct; G. Aedeagal complex; H. Male terminalia, lateral; I. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, deg = dorsal expansion on gonocoxite, gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).

FIGURES 3 A – F. Trichomyia lobata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Cercus, dorsal view; E. Cerci, epandrium, hypropoct and epiproct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: deg = dorsal expansion on gonocoxite, gst = gonostylus, me = medial expansion, I, II, III pac = projections in the aedeagal complex I, II and III).

FIGURES 4 A – G. Trichomyia cetrae sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Flagellomere with ascoid; C. Palpus; D. Left wing; E. Male terminalia, dorsal; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, lateral.

FIGURES 12 A – H. Trichomyia longa sp. nov. A. Flagellomeres with ascoids; B. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; C. Apical flagellomeres; D. Palpus; E. Right wing; F. Male terminalia, dorsal; G. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; H. Male terminalia, lateral (abbreviations: agd = arm of gonocoxite dorsal, agv = arm of gonocoxite ventral, gst = gonostylus,, I, II pac = projections in the aedeagal complex I and II).

FIGURES 18 A – F. Trichomyia bifurcata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Male terminalia, lateral; E. Cercus, in lateral view; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 24 A – G. Trichomyia crinita sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Flagellomere with ascoid; C. Arm of gonocoxite; D. Right wing; E. Palpus; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: ae = apical expansion of cercus, aed = aedeagus, ag = arm of gonocoxite, I, II ee = elongated expansions of hipandrium I and II, gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).

FIGURES 36 A – F. Trichomyia paraensis sp. nov. A. Scape and pedicel; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Cerci and hypropoct; E. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 20 A – H. Trichomyia cerdosa sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Flagellomere with ascoid; D. Right wing; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal; G. Male terminalia, lateral; H. Last flagellomeres.

FIGURES 14 A – G. Trichomyia aquita sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomere; B. Flagellomere with ascoids; C. Palpus; D. Right wing; E. Arm of gonocoxite, lateral; F. Cerci, epandriuma and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, ag = arm of gonocoxite, bs = basal expansion, gst = gonostylus, I, II pac = projections in the aedeagal complex I and II).

FIGURES 5 A – E. Trichomyia rondonensis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Male terminalia, dorsal; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).

FIGURES 6 A – F. Trichomyia puntarenas sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Last flagellomere; D. Right wing; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 25 A – I. Trichomyia elongata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Last flagellomeres; C. Palpus; D. Flagellomeres with ascoids; E. Right wing; F. Left wing; G. Male terminalia, lateral; H. Male terminalia, dorsal; I. Cerci and epandrium.

FIGURES 27 A – G. Trichomyia hileiana sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Male terminalia, lateral; E. Cercus, in lateral view; F. Last flagellomere; G. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; H. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 28 A – H. Trichomyia hispida sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Last flagellomere; D. Left wing; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Cercus, lateral; G. Male terminalia, lateral; H. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 22 A – H. Trichomyia complicata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Flagellomere with ascoid; D. Right wing; E. Male terminalia, lateral; F. Cercus, dorsal view; G. Male terminalia, dorsal; H. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct.

FIGURES 34 A – K. Trichomyia nortensis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Flagellomeres with ascoid; C. Palpus; D. Arm of gonocoxite; E. Right wing; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, dorsal; H. Aedeagal complex; I. Last flagellomere; J. Parameres; K. Male terminalia, lateral (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, agx = arm of gonocoxite, ap = apiculus, hyprct = hypoproct, I, II, III pac = projections in the aedeagal complex I, II and III; pr = paramere).

FIGURES 42 A – F. Trichomyia spinicauda sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Arm of gonocoxite, medially; D. Right wing; E. Male terminalia, dorsal; F. Male terminalia, lateral.

FIGURES 43 A – F. Trichomyia spinosa sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Cercus, dorsal view; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 30 A – F. Trichomyia longiseta sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Last flagellomere; D. Left wing; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, ag = arm of gonocoxite, tp = triangular projection of hipandrium, gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).

FIGURES 29 A – I. Trichomyia inedita sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Left palpus; C. Right palpus; D. Right wing; E. Cercus, lateral view; F. Male terminalia, dorsal; G. Last flagellomere; H. Male terminalia, lateral view; I. Cerci, epandrium, hypropoct and epiproct (abbreviations: ag = arm of gonocoxite, dsp = dorsal subspherical projection gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).

FIGURES 35 A – G. Trichomyia notata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Flagellomeres with ascoids; E. Cercus; F. Male terminalia, dorsal; G. Cerci, epandrium, hypropoct and epiproct.

FIGURES 23 A – H. Trichomyia conchulata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Flagellomere with ascoid; D. Left wing; E. Last flagellomere; F. Male terminalia, lateral; G. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; H. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 41 A – F. Trichomyia sinuosa sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Last flagellomere; E. Cerci, epandrium, hypropoct and epiproct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal. (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, ag = arm of gonocoxite, be = basal expansion on gonocoxite, I, II pac = projections in the aedeagal complex I and II).

FIGURES 19 A – E. Trichomyia caipora sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; E. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: ag = arm of gonocoxite, gst = gonostylus, le = lateroapical expansion, I, II pac = projections in the aedeagal complex I and II).

FIGURES 16 A – I. Trichomyia bahiensis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Flagellomeres with ascoids C. Last flagellomeres; D. Palpus; E. Right wing; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, dorsal; H. Male terminalia, lateral; I. Arm of gonocoxite. (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, agx = arm of gonocoxite, ap = apiculus, as = ascoid, cerc = cercus, CuA = cubital anal, ej apod = ejaculatory apodeme, epand = epandrium, es = scape, fl = flagellomere; gst = gonostylus, hyprct = hypoproct, M = medial, pd = pedicel, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex, R = radial, Sc = subcosta, sg 1 = first segment of palpus; sg 2 = second segment of palpus; sg 3 = third segment of palpus).

FIGURES 26 A – F. Trichomyia grossa sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; 2. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Male terminalia, lateral; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 7 A – G. Trichomyia cinthiae sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Flagellomeres with ascoid; E. Last flagellomere; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 8 A – G. Trichomyia dentata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Flagellomeres with ascoid; C. Palpus; D. Right wing; E. Paramere; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: pr = paramere).

FIGURES 9 A – F. Trichomyia manacapurensis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Hypropoct; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).

FIGURES 10 A – F. Trichomyia truncata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Expancion of gonocoxite; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 17 A – G. Trichomyia carenata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Cercus, in lateral view; D. Right wing; E. Arm of gonocoxite, in ventral view; F. Male terminalia, dorsal; G. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct.

FIGURES 15 A – E. Trichomyia araguaensis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Cercus E. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 37 A – E. Trichomyia pitinguensis sp. nov. A. Scape and pedicel; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; E. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 31 A – H. Trichomyia mariensis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Flagellomere with ascoid; D. Left wing; E. Male terminalia, lateral; F. Arm of gonocoxite; G. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; H. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 21 A – F. Trichomyia colligata sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Cercus, lateral view; E. Cerci, epandrium, hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: ae = apical expansion of cercus, agb = arm of gonocoxite bifurcate, gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex, se = subtriangular expansion of hipandrium).

FIGURES 33 A – E. Trichomyia mineira sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; E. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 32 A – I. Trichomyia mendesi sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus (holotype); C. Palpus (paratype); D. Right wing; E. Last flagellomere; F. Cerci and hypropoct; G. Male terminalia, lateral; H. Epandrium; I. Male terminalia, dorsal.

FIGURES 40 A – H. Trichomyia ribeiroi sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Last flagellomere; D. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; E. Right wing (paratype); F. Right wing (holotype); G. Male terminalia, dorsal; H. Male terminalia, lateral.

FIGURES 39 A – H. Trichomyia pua sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Right wing; D. Cercus, in lateral view; E. Male terminalia, dorsal; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; G. Arm of gonocoxite; H. Male terminalia, lateral; I. Arm of gonocoxite with parameres (abbreviations: I, II agx = arm of gonocoxite I and II, gst = gonostylus, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex; pr = paramere).

FIGURES 11 A – I. Trichomyia confusa sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Aedeagal complex; D. Right wing; E. Last flagellomere; F. Gonostylus; G. Cercus in dorsal view; H. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; I. Male terminalia, dorsal (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, agd = arm of gonocoxite dorsal, agv = arm of gonocoxite ventral, dp = dorsal plate, gst = gonostylus,, I, II, III pac = projections in the aedeagal complex I, II and III).

FIGURES 13 A – I. Trichomyia ituberensis sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Cercus, dorsal view; E. Male terminalia, lateral; F. Male terminalia, dorsal; G. Flagellomeres with ascoids; H. Last flagellomere; I. Male terminalia, ventral.

FIGURES 38 A – F. Trichomyia pseudosilvatica sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Cercus, dorsal view; C. Palpus; D. Right wing; E. Male terminalia, dorsal; F. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct.

FIGURES 44 A – F. Trichomyia stangae sp. nov. A. Scape, pedicel and basal flagellomeres; B. Palpus; C. Left wing; D. Cercus, lateral; E. Cerci, epandrium and hypropoct; F. Male terminalia, dorsal. (abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, ag = arm of gonocoxite, be = basal expansion on gonocoxite, pac = projections in the aedeagal complex).