Orchesia (O.) micans, (Panzer, 1793)

Tamutis, Vytautas, Ferenca, Romas & Pollock, Darren A., 2019, Faunistic review of Tetratomidae and Melandryidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Lithuania with an annotated checklist of the species, Zootaxa 4668 (2), pp. 183-206 : 194-198

O. (O.) micans (Panzer, 1793)

New records. Kau: Ežerėlis, 10 VIII 1983, leg. R. F., 1♀, KZM; Kaunas, 10 VIII 1978, leg. R. F., 1³, KZM ; Ner: Ožkų ragas, 16 V 2002, leg. A. M., 1, AMC ; Pal: Palanga , 10 VIII 1983, leg. G. Sl., 1 (data from index card of prof. S. Pileckis); Šak: Tervydoniai, 14 II 2017, 21 V 2017 leg. R. F., 3³, 1♀, KZM .

Earlier records. This species was found in Kaunas ( Ferenca et al. 2006) (KZM), Zarasai ( Šablevičius 2003) (BSC), Tauragė ( Ostrauskas & Ferenca 2010) (KZM), Vilnius ( Roubal 1910), and Neringa districts ( Ferenca 2004) (KZM).

General distribution. Orchesia micans is widely distributed in Europe, and known from West Siberia and Northern Africa ( Algeria and Tunisia) ( Nikitsky & Pollock 2008).

Notes. This species is insufficiently known in Lithuania but seems to be not very rare. The larvae develop in fruiting bodies of Inonotus ; adults have been collected on Fomes fomentarius and Phellinus igniarius ( Nikitsky 2002; Nikitsky & Schigel 2004).

Tribe Serropalpini Latreille, 1829

Genus Serropalpus Hellenius, 1786

S. barbatus (Schaller, 1783)

New records. Anyk: Rubikiai, 10 VIII 1995, leg. S. K., 1³, KZM; Drus: Druskininkai ,— VII 1961, leg. unknown, 1³, 2♀, KZM ; Jurb: Jurbarkas ,— VIII 1963, leg S. P., 1♀, KZM ; Viešvilė , 19 VI 2007, caught by light trap, leg. R. F., 1♀, KZM ; Kaiš: Kruonis , 15 VII 1969, caught by light trap, 28 VII 2002, under bark of dead Picea abies , leg. A. M., 1³, 1♀, AMC ; Vaiguvos miškas, 1 VIII 2003, leg. R. F., 1♀, KZM ; Kau: Akademija , 21 VIII 1997, caught by light trap, leg. V. T., 1♀, KZM ; Kačerginės miškas, 10 VIII 1961, leg. S. M., 1♀, KZM ; Kamšos miškas, 15 VI 1996, leg. V. T., 1♀, KZM ; Karmėlavos miškas, 28 VIII 2005, caught by light trap, leg. V. I., 1♀, KZM ; Kleboniškio miškas, 22 VI 2002, 2 VII 2002, 17 VII 2002, caught by light trap, leg. V. I., 1♀, 1³, 1♀, KZM ; Kaunas, Žaliakalinis , 15 VII 2005, 28 VII 2006 caught by light trap, leg. V. I., 1³, 1³, KZM ; Kel: Kelmė , 17 VIII 1998, leg. unknown, 1♀, KZM ; Klai: Šernai , 22 IX 1993, leg. S. K., 1♀, KZM ; Klaipėda sea port, multiple funnel traps baited by with Cis-Verbenol , 09 VII 2004, 04 VIII 2005, leg. H. O., 1³, 1³, KZM ; Lazd: Šeštokai railway station, multiple funnel traps baited by with Cis-Verbenol , 12 VII 2005, 25–28 VII 2005, 5 IX 2005, leg. H. O., 2³, 4³, 1³, KZM ; Ras: Viduklė ,— VI 1962, leg. R. P., 1 (data from the manual card index of prof. S. Pileckis); Šak: Lekėčiai , 21–28 VII 1996, 27 VI–6 VII 1997, 27 VII–2 VIII 1998, 14–20 VI 1999, 19–25 VII 1999, 26 VII–8 VIII 1999, caught by light traps, leg. R. F., 1³, 1♀, 1³, 1³, 1³, 1³, KZM ; Šal: Girdžiūnai , 21 VII 2005, leg. G. Š., 1♀, KZM ; Šiau: Andrijavas ,— VII 1963, leg. R. P., 1♀, ( KZM) ; Taur: Viešvilės rezervatas, 27 VI–5 VII 2004, caught by light trap, leg. V. U., 1♀, KZM ; Ukm: Ukmergė ,— VII 1962, leg. unknown, 2³, KZM ; Ut: Antalgė , 11 VII 1977, leg. A. K., 1♀, KZM ; Minčios miškas, 19 VI–25 VII 2013, flight interception trap, leg. V. T., 2³ 1♀, KZM ; Var: Katra , 7–14 IX 1998, caught by light trap, leg. Virg. M., 1♀, KZM ; Pogarenda , 24 VI 1977, leg. V. M., 1³, KZM ; Zar: Zarasai ,— VI 1962, leg. unknown, 1♀, ( KZM) .

Earlier records. This species was found in Akmenė, Alytus, Kaunas, and Vilnius districts ( Pileckis 1963; Fe- renca 2006; Ivinskis et al. 2009).

General distribution. This species is widely distributed in the Holarctic region ( Nikitsky & Pollock 2008).

Notes. Serropalpus barbatus seems to be the most frequently collected false darkling beetle in Lithuania, but it is worthy to note, that most specimens were captured at light. This tendancy of adults to be attracted to light makes its collection much easier compared with other species of the family, which might distort the true picture of its abundance. For example, this species is listed as “vulnerable” in the list of threatened species in Czech Republic (Konvička 2017) and “rare” in the Far East ( Gusakov 2009). The larvae of this species are xylophagous, develop in dead wood of Picea and Abies and in some regions are considered wood-destroying pests ( Pileckis & Monsevičius 1997; Kubisz et al. 2014).

Tribe Xylitini C.G. Thomson, 1864

Genus Dolotarsus Jacquelin du Val, 1863

D. lividus (C. R. Sahlberg, 1833)

New records. Kaiš: Pravieniškės, 21 V 1996, leg. A. M., 1, AMC; K.R.: Braziūkų miškas, 1 IX 2013, leg. V. T., 1³, KZM .

Earlier records. This species was found in Biržai ( Šablevičius 2004) (BSC) and Šalčininkai districts ( Ferenca 2004) (KZM).

General distribution. This species is widely distributed in the Holarctic boreamontane forest zone (Le Sage 1991; Nikitsky & Pollock 2008).

Notes. Dolotarsus lividus is poorly known in Lithuania. It is regarded as rare through its entire distribution range (Kryzhanovski 1965; Kaszab 1969; Kubisz et al. 2014) and listed among endangered, relict species of primeval forests in Germany and Sweden ( Schmidl & Bussler 2004; Müller et al. 2005; Ljunberg 2015). The larvae are xylophagous and develop in the wood of dead coniferous trees ( Burakowski et al. 1987) with preference for Picea and Abies ( Nikitsky & Pollock 2010) .

Genus Xylita Paykull, 1789

X. laevigata (Hellenius, 1786)

New records. Jurb: Leipgirių miškas, 4 V 1977, 21 V 1979, 28 V 1979, 11 VI 1987, leg. B. J., 1♀, (1³ 1♀), 1♀, 2♀, KZM; K.R.: Jūrė , 24 IV 1991, leg. A. M., 1♀, AMC ; Kau : Dubravos miškas, 8 VI 1992, leg. R. F., 1♀, KZM , 28 V 1997, 5 V 1997, under bark of dead spruce, leg. P. Z., 2³, 3♀, KZM , 28 III 2007, leg. R. F., 1♀, KZM ; Karmėlavos miškas, 13 V 2008, leg. V. I., 1³, KZM ; Papiškinės miškas, 10 V 2016, multi-funnel pheromone trap for Ips typographus , leg. V. T., 2³, KZM ; Ign : Ažvinčių giria, 28 IV 1998, 26 IV 2001, leg. B. Š., 2, 3, BSC; Linkmenų miškas, 26 IV 2000, leg. B. Š., 3, BSC; Šven: Algirdiškė, 27 IV 2003, leg. B. Š., 2, BSC; Gelednė, 21 VI 2001, leg. R. F., 2♀, KZM ; Ut : Rūgšteliškis, 27 IV 1997, leg. G. Š., 1, KZM ; Minčios miškas, 26 IV 2001, leg. B. Š., 3, BSC; Var: Čepkelių raistas, 4 V 2006, leg. R. F., 3³, KZM ; Užuožerės miškas, 19 V 2015, leg. R. F., 1³, KZM ; Luciškės , 15 V 2014, leg. R. F., 2³ 4♀, KZM ; Viln : Kairėnų miškas, 4 IV 2016, leg. Ž. P., 1, KZM .

Earlier records. This species is known from northwestern and southwestern Lithuania, without definite data ( Pileckis & Monsevičius 1997). Actual faunistic information is given on occurrence of this species in: Ignalina ( Šablevičius 2003), Kaunas ( Pileckis 1963; Ferenca 2006) (KZM), Trakai (Ferenca 2006), and Zarasai districts ( Ferenca 2004) (KZM).

General distribution. This species is widely distributed in the Holarctic boreamontane forest zone (Le Sage 1991; Nikitsky & Pollock 2008).

Notes. Xylita laevigata is insuficiently known in Lithuania but seems not to be rare. It is recorded mainly from eastern and southern parts of the country. The larvae are xylomycetophagous and develop in rather hard coniferous wood with fungal mycelium, sometimes also in deciduous trees ( Palm 1959; Nikitsky 1992; Nikitsky & Pollock 2010).

Tribe Zilorini Desbrochers des Loges, 1900

Genus Zilora Mulsant, 1856

Z. cf. obscura (Fabricius, 1794)

Examined material. “Morphospecies” 1. Akm: Akmenė, 24 X 2011, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. V. T., set: VT-AA- 24-10-2011 (specimens No. F-6, 7), 2♀, KZM; Kau: Ežerėlis, 06 X 1985, leg. R. F., set: RF-KE- 06-10-1985 (specimen No. F-1), 1♀, KZM, specimen was recorded as Z. sericea ( Pileckis & Monsevičius 1997) ; Šven: Gelednė, 21 VI 2001, leg. R. F., set: RF-ŠG- 21-06-2001 (specimen No. F-1), 1♀, KZM, specimen was recorded as Z. sericea ( Ferenca et al. 2002) ; Var: Pamerkio miškas, 13 IV 2016, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. V. T., set: VT-VP- 13-04-2016 (specimen No. F-2), 1♀, KZM; Viln: Vyteniškių miškas, 26 XI 2017, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichap- tum abietinum , leg. Ž. P., set: ŽP-VV- 26-11-2017 (specimen No. M-1), 1³ ( Figs 5 a, b, c, d ), set: ŽP-VV-26-11-217 (specimen No. F-1), 1♀ ( Figs 6 a, b, c ), KZM.

“Morphospecies” 2. Akm: Akmenė, 24 X 2011, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. V. T., set: VT-AA- 24-10-2011 (specimen No. F-3), 1♀ ( Figs 6 d, e, f ), (specimens No. M-2, F-1, 2, 4, 5), 1³ 4♀, KZM; K.R.: Kazlų Rūda, 30 V 1996, leg. A. M., 1³, AMC; Kau: Dubravos miškas, 8 IV 2007, leg. R. F., 1♀, KZM; Kačerginės miškas, 18 III 1990, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. O. D., set: OD-KK- 18-03-1990 (specimens No. M-1, F-1, 2, 3, 4, 5) 1³ 5♀, KZM; Joni: Pabalių miškas, 2 VII 1992, leg. V. M., 1³, KZM; Viln: Vyteniškių miškas, 26 XI 2017, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. Ž. P., set: ŽP-VV- 26-11-2017 (specimen No. M-2), 1³ ( Figs 5 e, f, g, h ), KZM; Vyteniškių miškas, 04 XI 2017, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. Ž. P., set: ŽP-VV- 04-11-2017 (specimen No. M-1), 1³, KZM.

“Morphospecies” 3. Jurb: Kalveliai forest directorate, 11 VII 1987, leg. B. J., set: BJ-JK- 11-07-1987 (speci- men No. M-1), 1³ ( Figs 5 i, j, k, l ), (specimen No. M-2), 1³, KZM, both specimens were recorded as Z. sericea ( Pileckis & Monsevičius 1997) ; Kau: Ežerėlis, 06 X 1985, leg. R. F., set: RF-KE- 06-10-1985 (specimen No. F-2), 1♀, KZM, specimen was recorded as Z. sericea ( Pileckis & Monsevičius 1997) ; Kačerginės miškas, 18 III 1990, un- der bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. O. D., set: OD-KK- 18-03-1990 (specimen No. M-1), 1³, KZM; Var: Pamerkio miškas, 13 IV 2016, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. V. T., set: VT-VP- 13-04-2016 (specimen No. F-1), 2♀, KZM; Viln: Vyteniškių miškas, 9 IV 2016, under bark of dead Pinus sylvestris infected by Trichaptum abietinum , leg. Ž. P., ŽP-VV- 09-04-2016 (specimen No. F-1), 1♀ ( Figs 6 g, h, j ), KZM.

Earlier records (material not re-examined). Vilnius district ( Pileckis & Monsevičius 1997; Ivinskis et al. 2009).

General distribution. This species is widely distributed in western and central Europe but unknown from Portugal, most Balkan countries and central and northern parts of European Russia ( Nikitsky & Pollock 2008; Löbl & Smetana 2011).

Notes. Zilora is represented by three species in Europe: Z. obscura , Z. ferruginea (Paykull, 1798) and Z. elon- gata J. R. Sahlberg, 1881 ( Nikitsky & Pollock 2008) but only Z. obscura is listed for Lithuania in previous cata- logues and checklists ( Pileckis & Monsevičius 1997; Niktsky & Pollock, 2008, Silfverberg 2010, Tamutis et al. 2011). According to the catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera and some checklists of beetles of neighbouring coun- tries, such Belarus and Latvia ( Nikitsky & Pollock 2008; Alexandrowitch et al. 1996; Telnov 2004) Z. ferruginea is known from those countries as well. Presumably this species could occur also in Lithuania.

The identification of these three Zilora species is difficult and some presumptions on their unclear taxonomic status were made recently by Kubisz et al. (2014). Indeed, the descriptions of these species are presented briefly in some keys and confined to some external characteristics, e.g. body coloration, curvature of the lateral pronotal margins, pronotal punctation, or angles between setae and the elytral surface ( Kaszab 1969, Nikitsky 1992, Nikitsky & Saito 2014). These characters, however, seem insufficient for trustworthy identification. During the study of Lithuanian Zilora specimens we found that characters previously given for identifications of these species are vari- able among our material. Furthermore, analysis of both male and female genitalia revealed only small differences among specimens which externally could be roughly attributed to Z. elongata , Z. obscura and Z. ferruginea using the characters mentioned above.

By examination of the shape of pronotum (curvature of lateral margins) and punctation of its disc we distinguished three “morphospecies” of Zilora among Lithuanian specimens: 1—lateral pronotal margins arcuate, with visible blunt angle in the middle, punctation more or less even on disc, spaces among punctures less than, or equal to the puncture diameters, body coloration brown, elytra somewhat darker ( Figs 5 a ; 6 a ); 2—lateral pronotal margins arcuate, without visible angle in the middle, punctation more or less even on disc, spaces among punctures less than, or equal to the puncture diameters, body coloration uniformly brown or dark brown Figs 5 e ; 6 d ); 3—lateral pronotal margins unevenly arcuate, sides of pronotum are unevenly bended, before middle are straightly but weakly narrowed towards posterior angles, punctation uneven, sparser medially than laterally, spaces among punctures on disc greater than puncture diameters, body coloration reddish or light brown ( Figs 5 i ; 6 g ). The specimens of the first morphospecies partially agree with descriptions of Z. elongata , while the specimens of the second and third morphospecies seem to agree completely with Z. obscura and to Z. ferruginea respectively, given by Nikitsky (1992) and Nikitsky & Saito (2014). However, the punctation on the pronotal disc of specimens of morphospecies 1 is not as dense as shown by Nikitsky (1992) for Z. elongata ; also, the sinuation of the lateral pronotal margins anterior of the hind angles is very weak or invisible. The shapes of abdominal tergite 5 in both males and females of these three morphospecies show some differences ( Figs 5 b, f, j ; 6 b, e, h ), but the genitalic structure is very similar ( Figs 5 c, d, g, h, k, l ; 6 c, f, j ). There is a distinct incurvation on the apex of tergite 5 of females of morphospecies 1 and 2, whereas the apex is smooth or slightly rounded in the third morphospecies. Tergite 5 of males of morphospecies 3 is slightly broader and more widely rounded apically compared with males of the first morphospecies. The spicule of sternite 7 of third morphospecies females is relatively shorter (2.1 times longer than width of sternite), than those of females of the first and second morphospecies, in which the spicule is 2.25 times longer than width of sternite. The body coloration of the first and second morphospecies is from dark brown to bright brown, while the specimens of the third morphospecies are colored bright brown to brown. Body length, measured from the anterior margin of the clypeus to the apex of elytra, is varied: specimens of the first morphospecies are 5.5–5.8 mm (males) and from 5.0–7.5 mm (females); the second morphospecies 6.0–6.5 mm (males) and 6.2–7.7 mm (females); the third morphospecies 4.7–6.3 mm (males) and 4.6–7.0 mm (females). Unfortunately, without study of the type material of these Zilora species it is impossible to prove that the characters mentioned above are typical for particular species or rather are merely intraspecific variation. Tentatively, according to differences in the shape and punctation of the pronotum as well as shape of tergite 5 and length of the spicule of sternite 7, we conclude that specimens of the third morphospecies have those differences more distinct in comparison with specimens of the first and second morphospecies. Consequently, the specimens of the third morphospecies can be attributed to Z. ferruginea . The differences between specimens of the first and second morphospecies are slight, especially comparing the shape of tergite 5 of males and females; we consider morphospecies 1 and 2 to represent intraspecific variation of Z. obscura . It is worthy to note that specimens of all morphospecies were often sampled together in the same sets of collected material.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Zilora cf.obscura, males (KZM): a–d—“Morphospecies” 1; e–h—“Morphospecies” 2; i–l—“Morphospecies” 3: a, e, i—frontal part of habitus, dorsal view; b, f, j—fifth abdominal tergite, dorsal view, flattened; c, g, k—aedeagi, dorsal view; d, h, l—aedeagi, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs a, e, i); 0.5 mm (Figs b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l).

FIGURE 6. Zilora cf.obscura, females (KZM): a–c—“Morphospecies” 1; d–f—“Morphospecies” 2; g–j—“Morphospecies” 3: a, d, g—frontal part of habitus, dorsal view; b, e, h—fifth abdominal tergite, dorsal view, flattened; c, f, j—genital structures, ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. a, c, d, f, g, j); 0.5 mm (Figs. b, e, h).