Dendrobium unicarinatum Kores, 1989

Pignal, Marc & Munzinger, Jérôme, 2020, Morphological and anatomical investigation of New Caledonian graminoid Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) with the description of two new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 633, pp. 1-26 : 3-7

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2020.633

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3803516

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887CA-FF8D-FFA8-FDDA-535963A7FC03

treatment provided by

Valdenar

scientific name

Dendrobium unicarinatum Kores
status

 

Dendrobium unicarinatum Kores View in CoL

Figs 1B View Fig , I–J, P, 2 View Fig , 3 View Fig H–I, 4 View Fig A, 5 View Fig H

Allertonia 5: 97 ( Kores 1989). – Dendrobium crassiformatum Hallé ined. in herb. – Type: FIJI • Viti Levu , Mba Province, vicinity of Nandarivatu ; 17 Nov. 1927; Gillespie 3841; holotype: AMES [ AMES00243052 About AMES ] .

Etymology

The epithet refers to the carina of the lip.

Material examined

NEW CALEDONIA – Province Nord • Mont Mandjelia, Pouébo ; 20°23′51″ S, 164°31′57″ E; 21 Feb. 2016; fr.; C. Laudereau 97; NOU[ NOU090363 About NOU ] GoogleMaps Cultivated in Nouméa; C. Laudereau 172; (original material data: Roches de la Ouaième ; 20°38′22″ S, 164°51′47″ E, 6 Dec. 2016); NOU [ NOU090377 About NOU ] GoogleMaps Roches de la Ouaième, Hienghène ; 20°38′22″ S, 164°51′47″ E; 22 Oct. 2018; fr.; C. Laudereau 1075; NOU [ NOU090364 About NOU ] GoogleMaps Ouane Batch , Pouébo ; 20°30′35″ S, 164°43′56″ E; 23 Dec. 2018; C. Laudereau 1112; NOU [ NOU090365 About NOU ] GoogleMaps Mont Mandjelia Pouébo ; 20°23′51″ S, 164°31′57″ E; 24 Dec. 2018; fr.; C. Laudereau 1156; NOU [ NOU090366 About NOU ] GoogleMaps Grande-Terre, Pouébo: Mont Mandjélia ; [20°24′2″ S, 164°31′42″ E]; alt. 750 m; 7 Jun. 1979; H.S. MacKee & Bégaud 36986; P[ P00118407 ] GoogleMaps Pouébo: Mont Mandjélia ; [20°24′2″ S, 164°31′42″ E]; alt. 750 m; humid forest, schists, 26 Jan. 1980; H.S. MacKee 37759 & Bégaud; P[ P00118408 ] GoogleMaps Roches de la Ouaième , on the crest; [20°38′17″ S, 164°52′0″ E]; alt. 765 m; 4 Nov. 2011; fr.; J. Munzinger 6162, V. Hequet, A. Vandrot, Ph. Birnbaum & I. Pounds; NOU[ NOU063339 About NOU ] GoogleMaps Cascade La Guen ; 20°37′0″ S, 164°46′53″ E; humid forest; st.; 21 Nov. 2010; J. Munzinger 6401, P. Lowry , M. Callmander , H. Vandrot, T. & M. Teimpouene; NOU[ NOU063581 About NOU ] GoogleMaps . – Province Sud • Mont Koghi ; [22°10′55″ S, 166°30′19″ E]; alt. 500 m; humid forest; Jan. 1979; H.S. MacKee 43003 & Labrissière; P[ P00118409 ] GoogleMaps Mont Pembai ; [21°34′47″ S, 165°49′59″ E]; alt. 700 m; humid forest, schists; 31 May 1990; H.S. MacKee 44925; P[ P00124752 , P00124753 ] GoogleMaps .

Description

Herb, epiphytic, erect. Roots whitish, ca 1–2 mm wide, at the base of the plant (axillary roots lacking). Stem erect, to 50 cm long, terete or slightly flattened, covered by the sheath of the oldest leaves, blades remaining only in the upper third of the adult stem. Internodes 25 mm long at the base of the stem. Leaves green, shiny above. Blade 49 × 3 mm. Midrib slightly prominent. Two lateral veins visible, <1 mm from the margin (see discussion of anatomy below). Secondaries prominent, convergent at the apex. Base slightly narrower. Apex rounded or emarginate and asymmetrical. Sheath striated in the upper half and ending by a beak opposite to the lamina and applied on the stem. Inflorescence very short, 1-flowered. Ovary non-resupinate. Floral buds white, flower white to bright yellow when open, fleshy. Tepals with a red terminal dot. Dorsal sepal triangular, 4.5 mm long, 3 mm wide at the base, with 5 nerves. Lateral sepals triangular-ovate, oblique, ca 4 × 2.4 mm, with 8 nerves. Petals ovate, asymmetrical, ca 4 × 2 mm, with 3 nerves. Lip white, entire, rectangular, ca 4 × 2.8 mm, with 5–7 nerves, 3 on the carina and 2–4 lateral. Apex triangular, rounded to obtuse. Carina ca 1 mm wide. Column 1.8 mm high and 1.5 mm wide. Fruit globose, ca 6 × 9 mm. Dried seed with transparent testa of 217 × 48 μm, fusiform, with extremity and base slender. Right extremity slightly spiral. Hydrated seed ovate, sacciform. Cells cubic to polygonal, with extremities rounded, ca 48–100 × 5 μm, with edges thick, roughly spiral, with smooth cellular walls. Embryo spherical, ca 12 μm in diameter.

Distribution and ecology

Dendrobium unicarinatum grows in Fiji and in New Caledonia dense humid forest (500–750 m), as an epiphyte on trunks (at the base or at several metres high) and can be very abundant, especially on palms. C. Laudereau (pers. comm.) separates two populations by habit and light exposition: the first erect and in sunny situations, the other pendulous, in shade.

Taxonomic notes

In New Caledonia, D. unicarinatum can be easily identified by a cylindrical or slightly flattened stem, 1-flowered inflorescence and white, non-resupinate flowers. Leaf section shows D. unicarinatum to be the only graminoid New Caledonian Dendrobium having large, obvious and numerous (> 20) supernumerary fibre bundles on both sides, and having the largest vascular bundle in position 2.

Phenology

Further observations are needed to determine the flowering and fruiting periods. In the available herbarium material, flowers were observed on cultivated plants (grown in New Caledonia) in January and in the field from February to March, and fruits in May to January.

IUCN status

This species was not recognized in New Caledonia until now, and was evaluated as Data Deficient (DD) by the New Caledonian Red List Authority.

AMES

Harvard University - Oakes Ames Orchid Herbarium

NOU

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Liliopsida

Order

Asparagales

Family

Orchidaceae

Genus

Dendrobium

Loc

Dendrobium unicarinatum Kores

Pignal, Marc & Munzinger, Jérôme 2020
2020
Loc

Dendrobium crassiformatum Hallé

5: 97 ( Kores 1989 )
GBIF Dataset (for parent article) Darwin Core Archive (for parent article) View in SIBiLS Plain XML RDF